Analysis of the causes of defluxion of dental implants over a 15–year period in our clinic

Objective: The current accessibility of large volumes of clinical data has led to increasedlongevity of dental implants, and expectations surrounding prosthetic survival are rising.However, there are few case reports regarding the causes of defluxion of dental implants.Due to the significance of such cases in clinical practice, we report herein a survey investigatingthe causes of defluxion of dental implants in our clinic.　Methods: Patients who had been fitted with a Brånemark or Replace implant in ourclinic between January 1997 and October 2012 and who were recalled between October 2011and October 2012 (1₅8 patients, 4₅8 implants) were investigated to determine the causes ofdefluxion of their implants and 10 potential related factors.　Results: Defluxion occurred in a total of 19 of the 4₅8 implants (4.1%), ranging from asearly as 26 days post–insertion in an unloaded implant to as late as 4,269 days post–insertionin a case of implant fracture. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed a greaterincidence of implant defluxion among men compared to women (P ＝ 0.022), and a significantlygreater incidence for implant overdentures compared to simple prosthetic designs,such as crowns, linked crowns, and bridges (P＝0.004).　Conclusion: The present findings reaffirmed aspects of dental implant fitting that requireattention in clinical practice to ensure longevity, particularly prosthetic design andfitting method, as well as the effects of smoking. However, a multicenter survey is requiredto provide further evidence and support these findings

P-t Path of Sediment Subduction-Underplating-Exhumation Process Related to the Formation of the Sambagawa Schists

The Valanginian accretionary complex and the Barremian accretionary complex of the Chichibu megaunit I of the Southern Chichibu belt in east Shikoku, which consist of prehnite-pumpellyite facies rocks and overlie the Albian accretionary complex of the Chichibu megaunit I and the Cenomanian-Turonian accretionary complex of the Shimanto megaunit, have been clarified by Hara et al. (1992) to be of the same age with reference to the subduction beginning age (youngest fossil age) as the Saruta nappe (I+II) schists and the Fuyunose nappe schists of the Sambagawa megaunit as high P/T type metamorphic rocks respectively. K-Ar ages of muscovites from the former two accretionary complexes, which are considered to have been roughly comparable with the exhumation beginning age, were determined in this paper to be 114 ± 6Ma and 108 ± 5Ma respectively. The exhumation beginning age appears to have been different by ca. 20Ma between the Chichibu megaunit I of subcretion depth of a few kilobars (less than 4kb) and the Sambagawa megaunit of subcretion depth of ca. 10kb with the same subduction beginning age. It would said that this is a rough estimate of P-t path of sediment subduction-underplating-exhumation process related to the formation of the Sambagawa megaunit

Discovery of Biotite-Bearing Schists Blocks in the Garnet Zone of the Sambagawa Belt of the Asemi District: an Evidence of Tectonic Erosion of Hanging Wall Rocks by Subducting Sediments

Biotite-bearing schists have been discovered in the garnet zone (Fuyunose nappe) of the Sambagawa belt of the Asemi district, central Shikoku, which is covered by the biotite zone (Saruta nappe II and Saruta nappe I). The biotite-bearing schists (subunit II schists of the Fuyunose nappe) are pelitic schists, siliceous schists and basic schists and have plagioclase porphyroblasts, which crystallized during the prograde phase of metamorphism, like the case of the Saruta nappe (I +II) schists. They occur as lenses in the biotite-free schists (subunit I schists of the Fuyunose nappe) which have plagioclase porphyroblasts of the rerograde phase. Amphibole, which crystallized in hematite-bearing basic schists of the subunit I of the Fuyunose nappe during the peak metamorphism, is glaucophane. Biotite of the subunit II schists is commonly found only in plagioclase porphyroblasts, and the inclusion biotite in hematite-bearing siliceous schists of the subunit II occurs together with barroisite, katophorite and taramite. Barroisite of the subunit II schists, which crystallized together with biotite, have distinctly lower values of NaB content than that of the prograde phase of the Saruta nappe (I +II) schists (biotite zone schists) and than that of the retrograde phase of the subunit ( I +II ) schists, showing that the subunit II schists were derived from shallow tectonic positions of subduction zone. The subunit II schists had already been intermingled with the subunit I schists when the peak metamorphism of the latter had begun. It has been concluded in this paper that the origin of the subunit II schists is ascribed to the tectonic erosion and subduction of the hanging wall rocks [probably low pressure parts of the Saruta nappe ( I +II ) schists] of the subduction zone during the subduction of the original sediments for the subunit I schists,which induced great decrease of temperature along the subduction channel

Phosphorus Particle Composite Plating with Ni-P Alloy Matrix

Ni-P alloy films containing phosphorus particles (called Ni-P alloy composite films) were fabricated by electrodeposition and were subsequently subjected to heat-treatment. Their compositions and microstructures were characterized, and their friction properties were evaluated using a ball-on-plate method. Composite electroplating in the nickel sulfate and chloride bath containing phosphorus acid and micrometer-sized phosphorus particles resulted in the Ni-P alloy coating with enhanced deposit phosphorus content. The phosphorus content of the films increased with increasing phosphorus particle concentration in the composite plating baths, reaching a maximum value of 29.0 atom %. The phosphorus particles were homogeneously distributed in this Ni- 29.0 atom % P alloy composite film. Heat-treatment converted the phases of the alloy composite films from an amorphous phase to stable crystalline phases, which are the same as those in the Ni- P binary alloy phase diagram. The friction coefficients of the Ni- P alloy films increased with increasing cycle number, whereas those of the Ni- P alloy composite films remained relatively constant. The alloy composite films had lower friction coefficients than the Ni- P alloy films both before and after heat-treatment. These results indicate that phosphorus particles are beneficial for maintaining a lower and stable friction coefficient during the ball-on-plate reciprocating friction test.ArticleJOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 156: D283-D286(2009)journal articl

Evaluation of Seismic Safety of a Large Caisson Structure

Some centrifugal shaking tests were carried out to clarify the mechanism of seismic interaction between a large caisson foundation and soil layers. Based on the test data, two-dimensional seismic effective stress FE analysis was applied, followed by verifying its applicability. Also, to clarify the flexural and shear behavior of the caisson structure members to the ultimate state and to evaluate the flexural and shear resistance, some large-scale model failure tests of poorly reinforced concrete in caisson foundation were carried out. Based on these test results above-mentioned, seismic analyses of an existing large caisson foundation to ground motion in level 2 earthquakes were carried out, adopting the above-mentioned analysis. As the results, it was concluded that the seismic safety on the caisson foundation was confirmed

Laser-captured microdissection-microarray analysis of the genes involved in endometrial carcinogenesis: stepwise up-regulation of lipocalin2 expression in normal and neoplastic endometria and its functional relevance

Endometrial carcinoma often arises from normal endometrial glandular cells via a precursor, atypical endometrial hyperplasia. However, the genetic changes involved in this carcinogenetic process are not fully understood. Differentially expressed genes were selected from glandular cells of normal proliferative-phase endometria, atypical endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma using laser-captured microdissection and microarray. The microarray analysis revealed a total of 51 genes to be up-regulated and 23 genes to be down-regulated in neoplastic endometrial epithelia. We focused on lipocalin2 (LCN2), which showed the largest magnitude of up-regulation. Immunostaining for lipocalin2 confirmed a stepwise increase in its expression in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. In addition, elevated expression of lipocalin2 was correlated with the poor outcome of endometrial carcinoma patients. The subcellular distribution of lipocalin2 was both cytoplasmic and nuclear, despite reports that lipocalin2 is a secretory protein. Treatment of endometrial carcinoma cells with 5-azacytidine increased the expression of lipocalin2, suggesting the expression to be controlled by methylation of the promoter. The forced expression of lipocalin2 resulted in the enhanced cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. The expression of lipocalin2 increased with the endometrial carcinogenesis, and accumulation of the protein conferred biological aggressiveness to endometrial carcinoma cells. These results suggest lipocalin2 to be a novel target in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma.ArticleHUMAN PATHOLOGY. 42(9):1265-1274 (2011)journal articl

Isolation and Characterization of Renal Erythropoietin-Producing Cells from Genetically Produced Anemia Mice

Understanding the nature of renal erythropoietin-producing cells (REPs) remains a central challenge for elucidating the mechanisms involved in hypoxia and/or anemia-induced erythropoietin (Epo) production in adult mammals. Previous studies have shown that REPs are renal peritubular cells, but further details are lacking. Here, we describe an approach to isolate and characterize REPs. We bred mice bearing an Epo gene allele to which green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter cDNA was knocked-in (EpoGFP) with mice bearing an Epo gene allele lacking the 3′ enhancer (EpoΔ3′E). Mice harboring the mutant EpoGFP/Δ3′E gene exhibited anemia (average Hematocrit 18% at 4 to 6 days after birth), and this perinatal anemia enabled us to identify and purify REPs based on GFP expression from the kidney. Light and confocal microscopy revealed that GFP immunostaining was confined to fibroblastic cells that reside in the peritubular interstitial space, confirming our previous observation in Epo-GFP transgenic reporter assays. Flow cytometry analyses revealed that the GFP fraction constitutes approximately 0.2% of the whole kidney cells and 63% of GFP-positive cells co-express CD73 (a marker for cortical fibroblasts and Epo-expressing cells in the kidney). Quantitative RT-PCR analyses confirmed that Epo expression was increased by approximately 100-fold in the purified population of REPs compared with that of the unsorted cells or CD73-positive fraction. Gene expression analyses showed enrichment of Hif2α and Hif3α mRNA in the purified population of REPs. The genetic approach described here provides a means to isolate a pure population of REPs, allowing the analysis of gene expression of a defined population of cells essential for Epo production in the kidney. This has provided evidence that positive regulation by HIF2α and negative regulation by HIF3α might be necessary for correct renal Epo induction. (282 words

Inverse correlation between Skp2 and p27(Kip1) in normal endometrium and endometrial carcinoma

Copyright (c) 2010 Taylor & Francis. This is an electronic version of an article published in "GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Volume 26, Issue 3, pages 220-229 (2010)". GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY is available online at: https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590903215482Cyclin-dependent-kinase (cdk) inhibitor, p27<SUKip1</SU (p27), has been shown to participate in progestin-induced growth suppression of normal endometrial glands. To analyse the molecular mechanisms regulating p27 protein, we examined immunohistochemical expression of the SCF<SUSkp2</SU (Skp1-Cullin-F-box protein) complex factors, i.e. Skp1, Cul1 and Skp2, and compared them with that of p27, steroid receptors and Ki-67. In normal endometrial glands, the expression of Skp2 was observed in the proliferative phase, whereas that of p27 was observed in the secretory phase. Cultured normal endometrial glandular cells showed that progesterone induced the down-regulation of Skp2 along with up-regulation of p27. In endometrial carcinomas, the inverse topological correlation between Skp2 and p27 was evident in 39/66 (59%) cases, and the expression of Skp2 showed a strong correlation with Ki-67. These findings suggest that the expression of SCF<SUSkp2</SU complex changes during the menstrual cycle in normal endometrium and the SCF<SUSkp2</SU ubiquitin-proteasome pathway may also work in endometrial carcinomas.</.ArticleGYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY. 26(3):220-229 (2010)journal articl