1,154 research outputs found
Blow-up criteria for Boussinesq system and MHD system and Landau-Lifshitz equations in a bounded domain
In this paper, we prove some blow-up criteria for the 3D Boussinesq system
with zero heat conductivity and MHD system and Landau-Lifshitz equations in a
bounded domain.Comment: 20 page
Quality-Gated Convolutional LSTM for Enhancing Compressed Video
The past decade has witnessed great success in applying deep learning to
enhance the quality of compressed video. However, the existing approaches aim
at quality enhancement on a single frame, or only using fixed neighboring
frames. Thus they fail to take full advantage of the inter-frame correlation in
the video. This paper proposes the Quality-Gated Convolutional Long Short-Term
Memory (QG-ConvLSTM) network with bi-directional recurrent structure to fully
exploit the advantageous information in a large range of frames. More
importantly, due to the obvious quality fluctuation among compressed frames,
higher quality frames can provide more useful information for other frames to
enhance quality. Therefore, we propose learning the "forget" and "input" gates
in the ConvLSTM cell from quality-related features. As such, the frames with
various quality contribute to the memory in ConvLSTM with different importance,
making the information of each frame reasonably and adequately used. Finally,
the experiments validate the effectiveness of our QG-ConvLSTM approach in
advancing the state-of-the-art quality enhancement of compressed video, and the
ablation study shows that our QG-ConvLSTM approach is learnt to make a
trade-off between quality and correlation when leveraging multi-frame
information. The project page: https://github.com/ryangchn/QG-ConvLSTM.git.Comment: Accepted to IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo
(ICME) 201
Human Pose Estimation using Global and Local Normalization
In this paper, we address the problem of estimating the positions of human
joints, i.e., articulated pose estimation. Recent state-of-the-art solutions
model two key issues, joint detection and spatial configuration refinement,
together using convolutional neural networks. Our work mainly focuses on
spatial configuration refinement by reducing variations of human poses
statistically, which is motivated by the observation that the scattered
distribution of the relative locations of joints e.g., the left wrist is
distributed nearly uniformly in a circular area around the left shoulder) makes
the learning of convolutional spatial models hard. We present a two-stage
normalization scheme, human body normalization and limb normalization, to make
the distribution of the relative joint locations compact, resulting in easier
learning of convolutional spatial models and more accurate pose estimation. In
addition, our empirical results show that incorporating multi-scale supervision
and multi-scale fusion into the joint detection network is beneficial.
Experiment results demonstrate that our method consistently outperforms
state-of-the-art methods on the benchmarks.Comment: ICCV201
Spatial second-order positive and asymptotic preserving filtered schemes for nonlinear radiative transfer equations
A spatial second-order scheme for the nonlinear radiative transfer equations
is introduced in this paper. The discretization scheme is based on the filtered
spherical harmonics () method for the angular variable and the unified
gas kinetic scheme (UGKS) framework for the spatial and temporal variables
respectively. In order to keep the scheme positive and second-order accuracy,
firstly, we use the implicit Monte Carlo linearization method [6] in the
construction of the UGKS numerical boundary fluxes. Then, by carefully
analyzing the constructed second-order fluxes involved in the macro-micro
decomposition, which is induced by the angular discretization, we
establish the sufficient conditions that guarantee the positivity of the
radiative energy density and material temperature. Finally, we employ linear
scaling limiters for the angular variable in the reconstruction and for
the spatial variable in the piecewise linear slopes reconstruction
respectively, which are shown to be realizable and reasonable to enforce the
sufficient conditions holding. Thus, the desired scheme, called the
-based UGKS, is obtained. Furthermore, in the regime
and the regime , a simplified spatial second-order scheme,
called the -based SUGKS, is presented, which possesses all the
properties of the non-simplified one. Inheriting the merit of UGKS, the
proposed schemes are asymptotic preserving. By employing the method for
the angular variable, the proposed schemes are almost free of ray effects. To
our best knowledge, this is the first time that spatial second-order, positive,
asymptotic preserving and almost free of ray effects schemes are constructed
for the nonlinear radiative transfer equations without operator splitting.
Various numerical experiments are included to validate the properties of the
proposed schemes
Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Alumina Nanofibre Reinforced Polycarbonate Composites
PhDFibres with ultra-high tensile strength have attracted unprecedented attention due to the rapidly increasing demand for strong fibre reinforced composites in various fields. However, despite a theoretical strength as high as around 46 GPa, current commercial alumina fibres only reach strength value of around 3.3 GPa because of the defects between the grains. Electrospinning provides a method to produce ceramic nanofibres with diameters reduced to nano-scale with effectively enhanced strength. Different calcination procedures were applied to study the morphology and crystal structure growth of alumina. Tested with a custom-built AFM-SEM system, the tensile strength of single crystal α-alumina nanofibres were found to have little dependence on diameter variations, with an average value of 11.4±1.1 GPa. While the strength of polycrystalline γ-alumina nanofibres were controlled by defects, showing a diameter dependent mechanism. Apart from the intrinsic properties of the fibre and matrix, the interface between them also plays an important role in determining composite mechanical properties. Collected by a rotating drum during electrospinning, aligned fibres were used to reinforce polycarbonate matrix for fabricating composite. The composite mechanical properties were successfully improved after surface modification with silane coupling agent. With a fibre volume fraction of around 7.5%, the composite strength doubled and the Young’s modulus increased by a factor of 4 when compared with the pure polycarbonate. Apart from surface modification, the fibre/matrix interface can also be affected by transcrystallinity.
Transcrystalline layers were formed in the alumina reinforced polycarbonate composites after annealing. Significant enhancement of the Young’s modulus of the crystallized polycarbonate by a factor of 3 compared to the amorphous phase was measured directly using AFM based nanoindentation. Optimization of the Young’s modulus is suggested as a balance between extending the annealing time to grow the transcrystalline layer and reducing the processing time to suppress void development in the PC matrix.Queen Mary, University of London and Chinese Scholarship Counci
Appendix for Nonparametric Multivariate Probability Density Forecast in Smart Grids With Deep Learning
This paper proposes a nonparametric multivariate density forecast model based
on deep learning. It not only offers the whole marginal distribution of each
random variable in forecasting targets, but also reveals the future correlation
between them. Differing from existing multivariate density forecast models, the
proposed method requires no a priori hypotheses on the forecasted joint
probability distribution of forecasting targets. In addition, based on the
universal approximation capability of neural networks, the real joint
cumulative distribution functions of forecasting targets are well-approximated
by a special positive-weighted deep neural network in the proposed method.
Numerical tests from different scenarios were implemented under a comprehensive
verification framework for evaluation, including the very short-term forecast
of the wind speed, wind power, and the day-ahead forecast of the aggregated
electricity load. Testing results corroborate the superiority of the proposed
method over current multivariate density forecast models considering the
accordance with reality, prediction interval width, and correlations between
different random variables
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