Conceptual Data Modeling in the Introductory Database Course: Is it Time for UML?

Traditionally, the typical undergraduate database course uses a form of Entity-Relationship (ER) notation when teaching conceptual modeling. While we have seen an increase in the academic coverage of UML in the database course, it is very rare to see UML as the primary modeling notation when teaching conceptual data modeling. However, outside of academe, there has been advocacy for the use of UML as an effective modeling tool for database design and for it to provide a unifying modeling framework. This paper examines the level of support for using UML vs. established ER notations for teaching conceptual data modeling in the introductory undergraduate database course. An analysis of textbook and tool support as well as a survey of what IS undergraduate programs are using in their introductory undergraduate database courses is included

Taxonomical notes on the genus Chaetomitrium (Hookeriaceae, Musci) of Borneo

Taxonomical notes on the species of Chaetomitrium (Hookeriaceae, Musci) os the Borneo Island were provided, along with the reports of our own specimens from the island. Two new species, Chaetomitrium darnaedii H. Akiy. From East Kalimantan and C. maryatii H. Akiy. & M. Suleiman from Sabah were described. Chaetomitrium everetii Mitt. Ex Dix. and C. cucullatum Dix. Are newly reduced to synonyms of C. orthorrhynchum (Dozy & Molk.) Bosch & Sande Lac. and C. leptopoma (Schwaegr.) Bosch & Sande Lac. Respectively. Chaetomitrium elmeri Broth. Was firstly reported from the Borneo. Keys to the twelve species were also presented

Phytochemicals, antioxidant And antiproliferative properties of five moss species from Sabah, Malaysia

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical contents, the antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of 80% methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Sphagnum cuspidatum subsp. subrecurvum, Sphagnum cuspidatulum, Sphagnum junghuhniannum, Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum and Pogonatum cirratum subsp. macrophyllum. Methods: The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were analysed using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by three different assays, namely, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging assays. MTT assay was used to study the antiproliferative properties against selected cancer cell lines. Results: The results showed that the aqueous and ethanol extracts of S. cuspidatum subsp. Subrecurvum has the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid content with the values of 5.42 ± 1.95 mg gallic acid equivalent per g of dry sample and 2.12 ± 0.02 mg catechin equivalent per g of dry sample, respectively. The 80% methanol extracts of S. junghuhnianum has the lowest total phenolic and total flavonoid content with the values of 0.80 ± 0.12 mg gallic acid equivalent per g of dry sample and 0.03 ± 0.02 mg catechin equivalent per g of dry sample, respectively. None of the extracts displayed IC50 value (concentration that inhibits 50% of free radical) at concentration tested. The 80% methanol extracts of P. cirratum subsp. Fuscatum induced antiproliferative activity against CaOV3 Conclusion: Results obtained indicated that the selected mosses contained considerable amount of phenolics and flavonoids which contribute to antioxidant properties. P. cirratum subsp. Fuscastum and S. cuspidatulum have the potential to be used in pharmaceutical industry due to the ability of these two species to induce antiproliferative activity against CaOV (ovarian carcinoma) cell line whereas S. cuspidatulum induced antiproliferative activity against HepG2 (liver cancer) cell line. None of the extracts induce antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 (non-hormone dependent breast cancer) cell line

Trismegistia maliauensis H. Akiyama & M. Suleiman (Sematophyllaceae, Musci), a new species from Maliau Basin, Northern part of Borneo

A new species, Trismegistia maliauensis H. Akiyama & M. Suleiman is described on the basis of specimens collected at the foot of Maliau Basin, northern part of Borneo (Malaysia, Sabah). It differs from the congener so far reported from Borneo in the green to blackish brown color of plants, sparsely branching and roundly foliated ascending shoots, widely lanceolate, sometimes ovate, stem- and branch-leaves with obtuse apex, and the unique habitat preference to rheophytic zones at riverbeds in lower montane forests

Checklist of mosses from southern part of Maliau Basin conservation area, Sabah, East Malaysia

A total of 86 taxa in 40 genera and 20 families of mosses were collected fiom southem part of Maliau Basin Consevation Area, Sabah, Malaysia, during three separate expeditions held in 1996, 1999 and 2001. This represents about 15% of the reported mosses from Sabah. Two species are new records for Borneo, Clastobryum cuculligerum (Sande Lac.) Tixier and Syrrhopodon parasiticus (Brid.) Besch., while three are new to Sabah, Ieucobryum bowringii Mitt, Syrrhopodon sarawakensis (Dixon) W.D.Reese and Trismegistia korthalsii (Dozy & Molk.) Broth

Two new clerodane-type diterpenoids from Bornean liverwort Gottschelia schizopleura and their cytotoxic activity

The Bornean liverwort Gottschelia schizopleura was investigated phytochemically for the first time. Two new and four previously known clerodane-type diterpenoids were isolated from the MeOH extract of G. schizopleura through a series of chromatographic techniques. The structures of the new metabolites were established by analyses of their spectroscopic data (1D NMR, 2D NMR, HRESIMS and IR). All the isolated compounds 1–6 were tested against human promyelocytic leukaemia (HL-60), human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and Mus musculus skin melanoma (B16-F10). Compound 1 and 2 showed active inhibition against HL-60 and B16-F10 cells

Mosses of Trus Madi, Sabah, Malaysia

Abstract. A species list of mosses collected in Mt. Trus Madi, Sabah, between 10 September and 10 October 1996 is presented. A total of 153 taxa were collected, of which 11 are new to Borneo and five new to Sabah

PHYTOCHEMICALS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE PROPERTIES OF FIVE MOSS SPECIES FROM SABAH, MALAYSIA

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical contents, the antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of 80% methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Sphagnumcuspidatumsubsp. subrecurvum, Sphagnumcuspidatulum, Sphagnumjunghuhniannum, Pogonatumcirratumsubsp. fuscatum and Pogonatumcirratumsubsp. macrophyllum. Methods: The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were analysed using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by three different assays, namely, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging assays. MTT assay was used to study the antiproliferative properties against selected cancer cell lines. Results: The results showed that the aqueous and ethanol extracts of S. cuspidatumsubsp. subrecurvumhas the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid content with the values of 5.42 ± 1.95 mg gallic acid equivalent per g of dry sample and 2.12 ± 0.02 mg catechin equivalent per g of dry sample, respectively. The 80% methanol extracts of S. junghuhnianum has the lowest total phenolic and total flavonoid content with the values of 0.80 ± 0.12 mg gallic acid equivalent per g of dry sample and 0.03 ± 0.02 mg catechin equivalent per g of dry sample, respectively. None of the extracts displayed IC50 value(concentration that inhibits 50% of free radical) at concentration tested. The 80% methanol extracts ofP. cirratum subsp. fuscatuminduced antiproliferative activityagainst CaOV3 (ovarian carcinoma) cell line whereas S. cuspidatulum induced antiproliferative activity againstHepG2 (liver cancer) cell line. None of the extracts induce antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 (non-hormone dependent breast cancer) cell line. Conclusion: Results obtained indicated that the selected mosses contained considerable amount of phenolics and flavonoids which contribute to antioxidant properties. P. cirratumsubsp. fuscastumand S. cuspidatulum have the potential to be used in pharmaceutical industry due to the ability of these two species to induceantiproliferative activity against CaOV3and HepG2 cancer cell lines