N - N bonded polymers

The extreme reactivity of hydrazine and its derivatives with oxidizers such as $HNO_3$ or $N_20_4$, leading to spontaneous ignition, has been utilized in developing self-igniting (hypergolic) propellant systems. Hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine (MMH) and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) have long been used as fuels in biliquid rockets. For hybrid rocket propellants, solid fuels which ignite spontaneously on coming into contact with liquid oxidizers are preferred in order to give the motor onoff capability. Here again, solid derivatives of hydrazine or compounds with N-N bonds have been conceived as hypergolic fuels. Indeed, several of these compounds have very short ignition delays (the elapsed time preceding ignition after the liquid oxidizer and the solid fuel come in contact), with white or red fuming nitric acid (WFNA or RFNA) when used in the powder form

Selected crosstalk avoidance code for reliable network-on-chip

Abstract With the shrink of the technology into nanometer scale, network-on-chip (NOC) has become a reasonable solution for connecting plenty of IP blocks on a single chip. But it suffers from both crosstalk effects and single event upset (SEU), especially crosstalk-induced delay, which may constrain the overall performance of NOC. In this paper, we introduce a reliable NOC design using a code with the capability of both crosstalk avoidance and single error correction. Such a code, named selected crosstalk avoidance code (SCAC) in our previous work, joins crosstalk avoidance code (CAC) and error correction code (ECC) together through codeword selection from an original CAC codeword set. It can handle possible error caused by either crosstalk effects or SEU. When designing a reliable NOC, data are encoded to SCAC codewords and can be transmitted rapidly and reliably across NOC. Experimental results show that the NOC design with SCAC achieves higher performance and is reliable to tolerate single errors. Compared with previous crosstalk avoidance methods, SCAC reduces wire overhead, power dissipation and the total delay. When SCAC is used in NOC, it can save 20 % area overhead and reduce 49 % power dissipation