Finite size effects in isobaric ratios

The properties of isobaric ratios, between nuclei produced in the same reaction, are investigated using the canonical and grand-canonical statistical ensembles. Although the grand-canonical for- mulae furnish a means to correlate the ratios with the liquid drop parameters, finite size effects make it difficult to obtain their actual values from fitting nuclear collision data.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Low-cost educational robotics applied to physics teaching in Brazil

In this paper we propose strategies and methodologies of teaching topics in high school physics, through a show of Educational Robotics. The Exhibition was part of a set of actions promoted by a brazilian government program of incentive for teaching activities (PIBID) and whose primary focus is the training of teachers, improvement of teaching in public schools, dissemination of science and formation of new scientists and researchers. By means of workshops, banners and prototyping of robotics, we are able to create a connection between the study areas and their surrounding, making learning meaningful and accessible for the students involved and contributing to their cognitive development.Comment: 5 pages and 10 figure

Many-particle correlations and Coulomb effects on temperatures from fragment momentum fluctuations

We investigate correlations in the fragment momentum distribution due to the propagation of fragments under the influence of their mutual Coulomb field, after the breakup of an excited nuclear source.The magnitude of the effects on the nuclear temperatures obtained from such distributions is estimated with the help of a simple approach in which a charged fragment interacts with a homogeneous charged sphere. The resuslts are used to correct the temperatures obtained from the asymptotic momentum distributions of fragments produced by a Monte-Carlo simulation in which the system's configuration at breakup is provided by the canonical version of the Statistical Multifragmentation Model. In a separate calculation, the dynamics of this many-particle charged system is followed in a molecular dynamics calculation until the fragments are far away from the breakup volume. The results suggest that, although the magnitude of the corrections is similar in both models, many-particle correlations present in the second approach are non-negligible and should be taken into account in order to minimize ambiguities in such studies.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Multipartite Quantum Eraser

We study the dynamical entanglement distribution in a multipartite system. The initial state is a maximally entangled two level atom with a single photon field. Next a sequence of atoms are sent, one at the time, and interact with the field. We show that the which way information initially stored only in the field is now distributed among the parties of the global system. We obtain the corresponding complementarity relations in analytical form. We show that this dynamics may lead to a quantum eraser phenomenon provided that measurements of the probe atoms are performed in a basis which maximizes the visibility. The process may be realized in microwave cavities with present technology

Eigensequences for Multiuser Communication over the Real Adder Channel

Shape-invariant signals under the Discrete Fourier Transform are investigated, leading to a class of eigenfunctions for the unitary discrete Fourier operator. Such invariant sequences (eigensequences) are suggested as user signatures over the real adder channel (t-RAC) and a multiuser communication system over the t-RAC is presented.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. VI International Telecommunications Symposium (ITS2006

Orthogonal Multilevel Spreading Sequence Design

Finite field transforms are offered as a new tool of spreading sequence design. This approach exploits orthogonality properties of synchronous non-binary sequences defined over a complex finite field. It is promising for channels supporting a high signal-to-noise ratio. New digital multiplex schemes based on such sequences have also been introduced, which are multilevel Code Division Multiplex. These schemes termed Galois-field Division Multiplex (GDM) are based on transforms for which there exists fast algorithms. They are also convenient from the hardware viewpoint since they can be implemented by a Digital Signal Processor. A new Efficient-bandwidth code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) is introduced, which is based on multilevel spread spectrum sequences over a Galois field. The primary advantage of such schemes regarding classical multiple access digital schemes is their better spectral efficiency. Galois-Fourier transforms contain some redundancy and only cyclotomic coefficients are needed to be transmitted yielding compact spectrum requirements.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. In: Coding, Communication and Broadcasting.1 ed.Hertfordshire: Reseach Studies Press (RSP), 2000. ISBN 0-86380-259-

Introducing an Analysis in Finite Fields

Looking forward to introducing an analysis in Galois Fields, discrete functions are considered (such as transcendental ones) and MacLaurin series are derived by Lagrange's Interpolation. A new derivative over finite fields is defined which is based on the Hasse Derivative and is referred to as negacyclic Hasse derivative. Finite field Taylor series and alpha-adic expansions over GF(p), p prime, are then considered. Applications to exponential and trigonometric functions are presented. Theses tools can be useful in areas such as coding theory and digital signal processing.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure. Conference: XVII Simposio Brasileiro de Telecomunicacoes, 1999, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil. (pp.472-477

Multilayer Hadamard Decomposition of Discrete Hartley Transforms

Discrete transforms such as the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or the discrete Hartley transform (DHT) furnish an indispensable tool in signal processing. The successful application of transform techniques relies on the existence of the so-called fast transforms. In this paper some fast algorithms are derived which meet the lower bound on the multiplicative complexity of the DFT/DHT. The approach is based on a decomposition of the DHT into layers of Walsh-Hadamard transforms. In particular, fast algorithms for short block lengths such as $N \in \{4, 8, 12, 24\}$ are presented.Comment: Fixed several typos. 7 pages, 5 figures, XVIII Simp\'osio Brasileiro de Telecomunica\c{c}\~oes, 2000, Gramado, RS, Brazi

A Factorization Scheme for Some Discrete Hartley Transform Matrices

Discrete transforms such as the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and the discrete Hartley transform (DHT) are important tools in numerical analysis. The successful application of transform techniques relies on the existence of efficient fast transforms. In this paper some fast algorithms are derived. The theoretical lower bound on the multiplicative complexity for the DFT/DHT are achieved. The approach is based on the factorization of DHT matrices. Algorithms for short blocklengths such as $N \in \{3, 5, 6, 12, 24 \}$ are presented.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, International Conference on System Engineering, Communications and Information Technologies, 2001, Punta Arenas. ICSECIT 2001 Proceedings. Punta Arenas: Universidad de Magallanes, 200

Schematic models for fragmentation of brittle solids in one and two dimensions

Stochastic models for the development of cracks in 1 and 2 dimensional objects are presented. In one dimension, we focus on particular scenarios for interacting and non-interacting fragments during the breakup process. For two dimensional objects, we consider only non-interacting fragments, but analyze isotropic and anisotropic development of fissures. Analytical results are given for many observables. Power-law size distributions are predicted for some of the fragmentation pictures considered.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure