Manipulating Memory Associations Changes Decision-making Preferences in a Preconditioning Task

Memories of past experiences can guide our decisions. Thus, if memories are undermined or distorted, decision making should be affected. Nevertheless, little empirical research has been done to examine the role of memory in reinforcement decision-making . We hypothesized that if memories guide choices in a conditioning decision-making task, then manipulating these memories would result in a change of decision preferences to gain reward. We manipulated participants’ memories by providing false feedback that their memory associations were wrong before they made decisions that could lead them to win money . Participants’ memory ratings decreased significantly after receiving false feedback. More importantly, we found that false feedback led participants’ decision bias to disappear after their memory associations were undermined . Our results suggest that reinforcement decision-making can be altered by fasle feedback on memories . The results are discussed using memory mechanisms such as spreading activation theories

Effect of relative humidity on fruit set and seed set in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

During 1976, plants of the sweet-pepper variety Verbeterde Glas [Improved Glass] were placed in growth rooms at 55, 80 or 95% relative humidity, at the onset of flowering. The flowers were artificially pollinated until flower drop, and the plants were moved to the glasshouse for the fruit-ripening period. Fruit set was not influenced by relative humidity, but seed set increased with increasing humidity. Time from pollination to harvest was significantly shorter at 95% relative humidity. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission

Genotype X environment interactions with lettuce (Lactuca L.) in relation to the development of genotypes for growing under poor energy conditions.

Twenty genotypes of wild and cultivated species during 1975 and ten genotypes during 1976 were grown in the glasshouse at 10, 14, 17 or 20 deg C, and at two light intensities intended to simulate autumn/winter with good or poor light conditions. Genotype X temperature, genotype X light intensity, temperature X light intensity and three-factor interactions were apparent for plant weight and leaf number, and stability estimates of each genotype for these characters are tabulated. The environmental conditions that could be useful within a selection programme are discussed. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission

Hybrid tea-roses under controlled light conditions. 2. Flowering of seedlings as dependent on the level of irradiance.

Under the experimental conditions described in the preceding abstract, mortality increased with decreasing light intensities. The percentage of flowering seedlings increased and that of aborting ones decreased with irradiance. For the populations studied, no genotype-environment interactions for the percentages of flowering seedlings occurred. A selection procedure for roses with a low light requirement for flowering is considered. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission

Hybrid tea-roses under controlled light conditions. I. The effect of the level of irradiance on the growth and development of seedlings.

As a basis for breeding cvs adapted to flowering in winter light conditions, the growth of hybrid tea rose seedlings under controlled conditions was studied. Irradiance varied from 4-24 W/m2, day length was 8 h, temperature 21 deg C. Like cvs, the seedlings sometimes aborted the flower bud at low light intensity. With increasing irradiances, the following phenomena were observed: the juvenile period of the seedlings shortened; plants were longer at bud formation, at first flowering and at flower bud abortion; leaf area and the number of petals increased. Leaf number was constant at all irradiances. Flowering seedlings were smaller at bud formation, but taller at actual flowering than blind ones. Blind seedlings had fewer leaves with a smaller area. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission

Hotspot Zuidplaspolder: Climate adaptation in the Zuidplaspolder

Building at the lowest point in the Netherlands, in the Zuidplaspolder, is viewed as a challenge and not something that is impossible. The Xplorelab approach in the Hotspot Zuidplaspolder project is a combination of research, implementation of ideas into inspiring examples and evaluation

Hybrid tea-roses under controlled light conditions. 4. Combining ability analysis of variance for percentage of flowering in F1 populations.

F1 populations of the hybrid tea-roses Sonia, Baccara, Ilona, Prominent and Zorina were grown in a growth room under 8 W/m2 at 20 deg C with an 8 h day. The inheritance of flowering ability under low irradiance was mainly controlled by additive gene action. Prominent and Zorina had a good general combining ability for flowering under low irradiance. [For part 3 see HcA 49, 5235]. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission

Hybrid tea-roses under controlled light conditions. 3. Flower and blind shoot production in the glasshouse of seedlings selected for flowering or flower bud abortion at low irradiances in a growth room.

Seedlings of hybrid tea roses, previously selected in a growth room for flowering or flower bud abortion at low light intensities were grown in a greenhouse for periods of at least 14 months. Previously flowering seedlings whether grown on their own roots or on a rootstock yielded more flowers, particularly in winter, than previously aborting ones. This was due to a lower percentage of blind shoots and a tendency to produce more shoots. It was shown that selection for better winter performance under glass could be made in young seedlings. [For part 2 see HcA 48, 7528.] (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission