Developmental disturbances associated with agenesis of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor

The aim of this study was to characterise the intra and extra-oral phenotype associated with agenesis of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor. We compared three groups: (1) subjects with agenesis of one or both permanent maxillary lateral incisors (n=80); (2) first and second degree relatives of group 1 with no agenesis of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor and (3) subjects with no agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor or family history of it (n=49). For each of the 201 subjects detailed clinical information was reviewed and panoramic radiographs were analysed. Considering only the sample with unilateral agenesis, microdontia of the contralateral permanent maxillary lateral incisor was significantly more frequent in group 1 (82.4%) than in group 2 (25%) and the control group (2%). This supports the theory that microdontia is a variable expression of the same developmental disturbance that causes tooth agenesis. The absence of third molars occurred more often in group 1 (36.2%) than in groups 2 and 3 (18.6% and 18.9% respectively), confirming that agenesis of third molars was markedly associated with the agenesis of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor. Agenesis of teeth other than third molars was not significantly different among subjects with agenesis of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor and their relatives. The frequencies of supernumerary teeth, permanent maxillary canine impaction, general health condition and minor anomalies were not significantly different between the three groups

Association between Eating Disorder and Depression among Medical Students of Islamic Azad university of Yazd in 2013

Introduction: Eating disorder is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders that cause various problems for physical health, psychological functioning and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and determine the association between eating disorder and depression among medical students of Free University of Yazd, Iran in 2013. Methods: In a descriptive study, a total of 400 medical students were selected via convenient sampling. Students were assessed by 2 questionnaires: Eat-26 and Beck. The data was analyzed using chi square, fisher exact and ANOVA tests. Results: According to the results,7/5% of students suffered from eating disorder , 25/8% from moderate, and 22% from severe depression. The relative frequency of eating among the participants according to age, gender, state of residence, and marital status were identical. However there was a significant correlation between the relative prevalence of eating disorder and depression severity among the medical students. Conclusion: The findings of the present study imply that eating disorder had a significant association with severity of depression. Thus, educating of medical students by consulting centers can be effective for early diagnosis and treatment