EKOLOGIJA IZMEĐU POLITIKE I EKONOMIJE

Modern trends of socio-economic and technological development have a feature of permanent and the quickest changes in the history of human civilization. The consequences of such development raise many issues of sustainable development of our society in general and in particular. Although ecology has the character of requirements for sustainable development, in the latest developments, the question of its fate is importantly allocated by problems of relations between politics and economics. With these problems are opened main questions of this paper - how to survive development, to differentiate the interests and satisfy the assumptions of survival? In these changes which are globalizing ecology has a common interest and permanent needs of people and their communities. However, it is intended that this paper analyzes the consequences for that interests of the relationship between politics and economics in the current dynamics of the overall development. Expected results should contribute to the harmony between the political and economic interests and the needs of people on the one hand and ecology on the other hand, all in the human community, and not only in the state as a social and political community.Suvremeni tijekovi društveno-ekonomskog i tehnološko-tehničkog razvoja imaju obilježje stalnih i, neusporedivo, najbržih promjena u povijesti ljudske civilizacije. Posljedice takvog razvoja otvorile su brojna pitanja održivog razvoja društva uopće, i našeg posebno. Iako ekologija pruža uvjete za održivi razvoj, u suvremenim društveno-ekonomskim procesima, pitanje njene sudbine i samih procesa bitno je opredjeljeno odnosima u neravnostranom trokutu kojeg čine: ekologija, politika i ekonomija. Ovim pitanjima, otvaraju se osnovni problemi ovog rada - kako preživjeti razvoj, kako diferencirati interese strana u trokutu, i, na kraju, zadovoljiti pretpostavke opstanka? U novim globalnim promjenama ekologija ima zajednički prostorni značaj i trajnu potrebu ljudi i njihovih zajednica. Međutim, moja namjera u ovom radu jeste, da ekologiju kao suvremeni civilizacijski problem pokušam sagledati sa aspekta odnosa politike i ekonomije, kao dominirajućih ljudskih djelatnosti u ovoj dinamici ukupnog razvoja. Očekivani rezultati, treba li bi doprinijeti uspostavljanju harmonije između ljudi i njihovih aktivnosti u odnosu prema ekološkim okvirima života u znanosti koja izučava mehanizme opstanka živih bića ili, samo, u ekologiji i u ljudskoj zajednici

Development of Pedestrian Alert System for Use in Electric Vehicles

Modern technology has made electric vehicles more accessible, which is important for the preservation of the environment. Although eco-friendly, from the standpoint of pedestrian safety, they may be baleful. The low levels of noise emitted by electric vehicles at speeds lower than 20 km/h are not sufficient for the pedestrian to become aware of the approaching vehicle based on sound. The topic of this paper is the research of sounds used to warn pedestrians of an incoming electric vehicle, while the goal is to single out the most suitable applicable sound based on an unique self-developed multiparameter methodology (which has been experimentally proved). The paper contains the results of the experiments, both of selecting the most suitable applicable sound and driving-range testing

Quality of life in patients surgically treated for oral carcinoma

Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to examine quality of life in patients who were surgically treated for oral carcinoma. Material and Methods: The study included patients surgically treated over a 3-year period (2014-2016). Data on patients, tumor type and localization, disease status according to the TNM classification, type of surgical intervention and time since surgery were collected from the medical records. Postsurgery functional and aesthetic results were evaluated using the adapted University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire. Results: Forty patients were included in the study. Male patients were more prevalent (27 vs 13) (ch2=4.225p1 year showed better mood (MannWhitney test, p=0.036, a=0.05), functions of speech (Mann-Whitney test p=0.008, a=0.05) and chewing (Mann-Whitney test p=0.04, a=0.05), as well as patients who had soft tissue surgery (chewing: Mann-Whitney test p=0.016, a=0.05; speech: Mann-Whitney test p=0.043, a=0.05). Patients with T1 stage tumors considered their looks less disfigured and had fewer problems in appearing in public, compared with patients with T3 and T4 stage (Dunn's test, CI -95%). Interest in sex was significantly diminished in patients older than 30 years (Kruskal-Wallis testa (p=0.013, a=0.05). Conclusions: The stage of disease, range of resection and success of reconstruction were decisive parameters for postoperative quality of life. Early detection of disease is of utmost importance for both survival and quality of life of patients with carcinoma

Ultrasound assessment of the effect of fetal position on supine to prone righting reflex in the guinea pig fetus

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of guinea pig fetal position on the righting reflex from a supine to prone position using ultrasound examination. Experimental and control group were formed, each encompassing 20 pregnant females with 50 fetuses from the 31st to 66th day of gestation. During ultrasound examination, the fetuses from the experimental group were brought into a supine position relative to gravity by placing the dams in the appropriate position. In the control group fetuses were examined for changes in position irrespective of gravity as well as for changes in position after having been brought into a prone position relative to gravity. Comparison of the experimental and the control group showed that experimental group fetuses in the oldest bracket rotated successfully to a prone position more frequently than at other ages. The observed fetal movements indicate that the fetus changes its position using the contact-righting reflex

An application of a hybrid intelligent system for diagnosing primary headaches

[Abstract] (1) Background: Modern medicine generates a great deal of information that stored in medical databases. Simultaneously, extracting useful knowledge and making scientific decisions for diagnosis and treatment of diseases becomes increasingly necessary. Headache disorders are the most prevalent of all the neurological conditions. Headaches have not only medical but also great socioeconomic significance. The aim of this research is to develop an intelligent system for diagnosing primary headache disorders. (2) Methods: This research applied various mathematical, statistical and artificial intelligence techniques, among which the most important are: Calinski-Harabasz index, Analytical Hierarchy Process, and Weighted Fuzzy C-means Clustering Algorithm. These methods, techniques and methodologies are used to create a hybrid intelligent system for diagnosing primary headache disorders. The proposed intelligent diagnostic system is tested with original real-world data set with different metrics. (3) Results: First at all, nine of 20 attributes – features from International Headache Society (IHS) criteria are selected, and then only five most important attributes from IHS criteria are selected. The calculation result based on the Calinski–Harabasz index value (178) for the optimal number of clusters is three, and they present three classes of headaches: (i) migraine, (ii) tension-type headaches (TTHs), and (iii) other primary headaches (OPHs). The proposed hybrid intelligent system shows the following quality metrics: Accuracy 75%; Precision 67% for migraine, 74% for TTHs, 86% for OPHs, and Average Precision 77%; Recall 86% for migraine, 73% for TTHs, 67% for OPHs, Average Recall 75%; F1 score 75% for migraine, 74% for TTHs, 75% for OPHs, and Average F1 score 75%. (4) Conclusions: The hybrid intelligent system presents qualitative and respectable experimental results. The implementation of existing diagnostics systems and the development of new diagnostics systems in medicine is necessary in order to help physicians make quality diagnosis and decide the best treatments for the patients.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; MINECO-TIN2017-84804-RGobierno del Principado de Asturias; FCGRUPIN-IDI/2018/000226Serbia. Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development; 451-03-68/2020-14/20015

Development of Pedestrian Alert System for Use in Electric Vehicles

Modern technology has made electric vehicles more accessible, which is important for the preservation of the environment. Although eco-friendly, from the standpoint of pedestrian safety, they may be baleful. The low levels of noise emitted by electric vehicles at speeds lower than 20 km/h are not sufficient for the pedestrian to become aware of the approaching vehicle based on sound. The topic of this paper is the research of sounds used to warn pedestrians of an incoming electric vehicle, while the goal is to single out the most suitable applicable sound based on an unique self-developed multiparameter methodology (which has been experimentally proved). The paper contains the results of the experiments, both of selecting the most suitable applicable sound and driving-range testing

Structure of populations of lumbricidae in agroecosystems

Značaj koji autohtone vrste kišnih glista imaju u tlu, pre svega u formiranju plodnog zemljišta, nije moguće sagledati bez poznavanja njihovog diverziteta, ekologije i distribucije. Cilj rada je bio procena stanja agroekosistemima analiziom strukture populacija Lumbricidae. Registrovano je 10 vrsta, iz pet rodova, a najbrojniji je rod Aporrectodea. Prisustvo vrste Aporrectodea rosea je utvrđeno na svim lokalitetima. Analizom ekoloških tipova i zoogeografskih kategorija, utvrđeno je da populacija lumbricida oskudna, razbijena i prilično ujednačena. Ovi rezultati ukazuju na mogućnost upotrebe lumbricida za rano upozoravanje na zdravlje tla i za procenu stanja životne sredine.The importance of autohtone autochthonous earthworm species in soil, especially in the formation of fertile soil, cannot be seen without knowledge of their diversity, ecology and distribution. Our goal was to assess the state of agroecosystems by analyzing the structure of populations of Lumbricidae. We were collected a total of 10 lumbricid species, within 5 genera. Most of the taxa belong to the genera Aporrectodea. Aporrectodea rosea has been found in all localities. By analyzing the ecological form and zoogeographic types, we have found that the lumbricide population is scarce, disrupted and fairly uniform. These results indicate the possibility of using lumbricides for early warning of soil health and for environmental assessment

Changes in mouse thymus after exposure to tube-restraint stress

The thymus is the primary lymphoid organ involved in the regulation of the immune and endocrine systems. It is particularly sensitive to various types of stress, which induce its atrophy. This study deals with the effect of repeated restraint stress on the weight, proliferation and apoptosis of the thymus in mice. During restraint, the animals were placed in 50-mL conical plastic tubes for 2 h every day for either 10 or 20 consecutive days. A significant reduction in thymus weight along with decreased cellularity and pronounced atrophy of the cortical part of the thymus was observed in animals exposed to repeated tube-restraint stress for 10 and 20 consecutive days. The observed changes in the thymus were the same, regardless of the number of days of exposure to stress. These findings provide a more comprehensive view of repeated tube-restraint, with special emphasis on its duration on stress-induced thymus atrophy. The presented findings could serve as a basis for further studies aimed at identifying the mechanisms responsible for the adaptive response of the thymus after repeated exposure to stress

Struktura populacija Lumbricidae u agroekosistemima

Značaj koji autohtone vrste kišnih glista imaju u tlu, pre svega u formiranju plodnog zemljišta, nije moguće sagledati bez poznavanja njihovog diverziteta, ekologije i distribucije. Cilj rada je bio procena stanja agroekosistemima analiziom strukture populacija Lumbricidae. Registrovano je 10 vrsta, iz pet rodova, a najbrojniji je rod Aporrectodea. Prisustvo vrste Aporrectodea rosea je utvrđeno na svim lokalitetima. Analizom ekoloških tipova i zoogeografskih kategorija, utvrđeno je da populacija lumbricida oskudna, razbijena i prilično ujednačena. Ovi rezultati ukazuju na mogućnost upotrebe lumbricida za rano upozoravanje na zdravlje tla i za procenu stanja životne sredine

Unexpected difficult extubation due to mechanical cause following parotidectomy: a case report

Termin otežani dišni put odnosi se na teškoće pri intubaciji i ekstubaciji. U ovom radu prikazujemo otežanu ekstubaciju i postupak zbrinjavanja dišnog puta u bolesnice nakon učinjene parotidektomije. Iako postoje smjernice za otežani dišni put, ne postoje jasne upute za mehanički uzrokovanu otežanu ekstubaciju kada se endotrahealni tubus ne može izvaditi. Takva stanja rijetko se spominju u literaturi, obično u obliku prikaza bolesnika. Nemogućnost vađenja endotrahealnog tubusa zbog mehaničkih uzroka hitno je stanje, stoga nalaže izradu smjernica i algoritma postupanja. Algoritam koji smo rabili u ovom slučaju protekao je bez komplikacija i bolesnica se dobro oporavila.Difficult airway management usually refers to intubation or extubation problems. We present a case eport of difficult extubation, and airway management algorithm that was used in a female patient following parotidectomy. Although there are algorithms for difficult airway management, there are no recommendations for difficult extubation that is mechanically caused and where endotracheal tube cannot be easily removed. Such conditions are rarely mentioned in the literature,usually in the form of case reports. Inability to remove endotracheal tube due to mechanical causes is an urgent condition and calls for an algorithm and guidelines. The algorithm that was performed in this case went uneventfully, and the patient recovered well