Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time, and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space. While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes, vast areas of the tropics remain understudied. In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity, but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases. To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge, it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1,2,3,4,5,6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees

Representações socias em enfermagem: comentários sobre teses e dissertações Social representations: commentary about thesis and dissertations

O ponto de partida deste trabalho se constitui de um levantamento de teses e dissertações desenvolvidas por enfermeiros com o objetivo de verificar como a representação social foi utilizada enquanto referencial teórico nestas pesquisas. Através de uma leitura sistemática dos trabalhos destacou-se as temáticas, os principais resultados e as reflexões que estes propunham para as práticas profissionais de enfermagem. Constatou-se, a partir dos trabalhos analisados que este referencial teórico é utilizado pelos enfermeiros, e que alguns estudos desenvolvidos trazem resultados significativos favorecendo a mudança da visão desses profissionais.<br>The starting point of this work consists on a revision of thesis and dissertations developed by nurses aiming to check how the social representation was used as a theoretical referencial on these researches. Through a sistematic reading of these works some points were dettached, as thematic, main resultas and reflections proposed in order to atain professional practice nursing. It was ascertained from the analysed works that this theoretical referencial is used by nurses, and that some studies developed introduce significative results from these professionals

PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE O TOQUE ENFERMEIRA E PACIENTE VISÃO DOS ALUNOS DE GRADUAÇÃO DE ENFERMAGEM

The touch is considered by the author a important sign nonverbal in the nursew — patient relationship. The authors are teaching in the nursing undergraduate a systematic approach about nonverbal communication, including the touch. The perception of the students after this knowledge are discussed in this paper and also when the touch may be a positive or negative experience to patients. The results of the 32 questionnaries administered to nursing students shows that the nurses are using the functional touch mainly.Por considerar o toque um dos sinais não verbais mais importantes na relação enfermeira-paciente, as autoras passaram a ensinar durante o curso de graduação de enfermagem, um bloco teórico, com aplicação teórico-prática sobre comunicação não verbal, incluindo conceitos gerais do tocar. Este trabalho teve como objetivos verificar como os alunos, após terem passado pelo bloco teórico citado, estavam percebendo a maneira das enfermeiras tocarem os pacientes durante a assistência de enfermagem, como eles tomam a decisão de tocar os pacientes que estão sob seus cuidados e, quando, segundo a percepção dos alunos, o toque pode ser considerado uma experiência positiva ou uma experiência negativa para o paciente. Dentre os dados obtidos, após questionário aplicado a 32 alunos, verificou-se que a maioria das vezes a enfermeira toca o paciente, segundo os alunos, para a execução do exame físico, ou seja, é um toque instrumental

Comunicação não-verbal: reflexões acerca da linguagem corporal Comunicación no verbal: reflecciones acerca del lenguaje corporal Non-verbal communication: reflections on body language

Buscamos com este estudo refletir sobre a importância da linguagem corporal, através da identificação do que um grupo de enfermeiras pós-graduandas, sabiam sobre o assunto. Analisamos o conteúdo dos relatos de onde emergiram cinco categorias: conceito, função, importância, significado e formas de manifestação da linguagem corporal. A linguagem corporal foi valorizada pelo grupo como uma forma complexa de interação interpessoal da qual temos pouca consciência, ocorrendo por vezes à margem do nosso controle. Tem por função expressar sentimentos, emoções e transmitir mensagens, cujos significados são influenciados pelo contexto. O conhecimento da linguagem corporal amplia nossa percepção profissional e é mais um instrumento para melhorar a qualidade da assistência de enfermagem.<br>Buscamos con este estudio reflexionar sobre la importancia del lenguaje corporal, a través de la identificación de un grupo de enfermeras, estudiantes de pos-grado, si saben sobre dicho asunto. Analizando el contenido de los relatos, de donde surgieron cinco categorías: concepto, función, importancia, significado y formas de manifestación del lenguaje corporal. El lenguaje corporal fue valorizado por el grupo, como una forma compleja de interacción inter-personal, de la cual tenemos poca conciencia, ocurriendo algunas veces al margen de nuestro control. Tiene por función expresar sentimientos, emociones y transmitir mensajes, cuyo significado es influenciado por el contexto. El reconocimiento del lenguaje corporal amplía nuestra percepción profesional y es un instrumento más para mejorar la calidad de la asistencia de enfermería.<br>The present study aimed to reflect on the importance of body language through the identification of what a graduate nursing group knew about this topic. We analyzed the contents of reports from which five categories emerged: concept, function, importance, meaning and forms of body language manifestation. The group valued body language as a complex way of interpersonal interaction that sometimes occurs out of our control and of which we have little conscience. It has the function of expressing feelings, emotions and transmitting messages whose meanings are influenced by context. Body language knowledge increases our professional perception and it is one more instrument to improve nursing assistance quality

A opinião de enfermeiros recém-admitidos sobre o programa de treinamento para a sua integração em um hospital de ensino The newly admmited nurse's opinion about the integration training at the University Hospital

As autoras propuseram-se a conhecer a opinião dos enfermeiros recém-admitidos em um hospital de ensino, sobre o treinamento realizado para a sua integração, à fim de obter subsídios para a avaliação e reformulação do mesmo.<br>The authors proposed themselves to get to know the newly admitted nurse's opinion, about the integration training done, in order to get subsidy to the evaluation and the improvement on this program