47,582 research outputs found

    Vacuum fluctuations of a scalar field near a reflecting boundary and their effects on the motion of a test particle

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    The contribution from quantum vacuum fluctuations of a real massless scalar field to the motion of a test particle that interacts with the field in the presence of a perfectly reflecting flat boundary is here investigated. There is no quantum induced dispersions on the motion of the particle when it is alone in the empty space. However, when a reflecting wall is introduced, dispersions occur with magnitude dependent on how fast the system evolves between the two scenarios. A possible way of implementing this process would be by means of an idealized sudden switching, for which the transition occurs instantaneously. Although the sudden process is a simple and mathematically convenient idealization it brings some divergences to the results, particularly at a time corresponding to a round trip of a light signal between the particle and the wall. It is shown that the use of smooth switching functions, besides regularizing such divergences, enables us to better understand the behavior of the quantum dispersions induced on the motion of the particle. Furthermore, the action of modifying the vacuum state of the system leads to a change in the particle energy that depends on how fast the transition between these states is implemented. Possible implications of these results to the similar case of an electric charge near a perfectly conducting wall are discussed.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure

    Regular string-like braneworlds

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    In this work, we propose a new class of smooth thick string-like braneworld in six dimensions. The brane exhibits a varying brane-tension and an AdSAdS asymptotic behavior. The brane-core geometry is parametrized by the Bulk cosmological constant, the brane width and by a geometrical deformation parameter. The source satisfies the dominant energy condition for the undeformed solution and has an exotic asymptotic regime for the deformed solution. This scenario provides a normalized massless Kaluza-Klein mode for the scalar, gravitational and gauge sectors. The near-brane geometry allows massive resonant modes at the brane for the ss state and nearby the brane for l=1l=1.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures. Some modifications to match the published version in EPJ

    Parabolic dunes in north-eastern Brazil

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    In this work we present measurements of vegetation cover over parabolic dunes with different degree of activation along the north-eastern Brazilian coast. We are able to extend the local values of the vegetation cover density to the whole dune by correlating measurements with the gray-scale levels of a high resolution satellite image of the dune field. The empirical vegetation distribution is finally used to validate the results of a recent continuous model of dune motion coupling sand erosion and vegetation growth.Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures, aubmitted to Geomorpholog

    Modelagem de cana de açúcar para previsão de produtividade de canaviais no Brasil e na Austrália.

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    Un modelo de previsión del rendimiento potencial de la productividad, sin restricciones de la nutrición y el agua, para la cultura de caña de azúcar ha sido construido para analizar la sostenibilidad de la nueva ampliación de zonas de cultivo, con el foco en la producción de etanol. Fueran ajustados los valores del rendimiento potencial en términos de masa seca (MS) de la caña de azúcar para estimar la absorción del dióxido de carbono (CO2), en relación con la temperatura del aire y la radiación solar. Son estimados mensualmente la producción de MS, durante el ciclo de cultivo. La MS debe considerar una tasa fotosintética con pierdas por la manutención de la respiración, la senescencia de hojas y sierpes que restarán en el campo durante el ciclo. El modelo BRCANE es compuesto por las ecuaciones que describen el comportamiento fisiológico debido a las condiciones del ambiente térmico promedio de las variables, constantes, que se obtuvo a través de la literatura y ajusta los resultados de acuerdo con los datos experimentales. El MS estimado por el modelo se contrasta con los datos obtenidos en el ciclo de experimentación sobre el terreno de regadío (variedades RB72 454, NA 56-79, CB 41-76, CB 47-355, CP 51-22, Q138 y Q141), en El Estado de São Paulo (Brasil) y en Bundaberg SES, de Queensland (Australia). Los resultados del total de MS se modificaron en el tallo de toneladas por hectárea a través de ecuación linear para cada variedad, con coeficientes de regresión superiores a 0,88. El modelo se presentó coherente con las simulaciones MS durante el ciclo, así como en la predicción del rendimiento.JAIIO - CAI 2010

    Avaliação e identificação de Pseudomonas sp. e Bacillus sp. dois isolados de rizobactérias antagônicas a Radopholus similis.

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    As rizobactérias PGPR (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) são microrganismos que podem promover o desenvolvimento e crescimento de plantas e atuar no controle biológico de doenças. Bactérias dos gêneros Pseudomonas e Bacillus são amplamente conhecidas pela capacidade de atuarem no biocontrole de fitopatógenos, dentre esses, nematóides. Isso se deve, principalmente, pela produção direta de compostos tóxicos, alteração dos exsudatos radiculares ou da indução de resistência na planta hospedeira. Assim, o uso desses microrganismos como agentes de biocotnrole do Radopholus similis, causador de necroses radiculares, em bananeira, é um alternativa a ser estudada. Visando a identificação de isolados com potencial uso no controle de fitopatógenos, o emprego de técnicas moleculares torna-se uma ferramenta indispensável. Nesse sentido, a técnica de PCR (reação em cadeia da polimerase) é uma forma rápida e eficiente de caracterizar isolados promissores. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de biocontrole in vitro das rizobactérias ao R. Similis, e identificar por meio de PCR, a prevalência dos gêneros Pseudomonas e Bacillus entre isolados pré-selecionados.PDF. 071
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