Prediction of drug targets in human pathogens

The identification of new and druggable targets in bacteria is a critical endeavour in pharmaceutical research of novel antibiotics to fight infectious agents. The rapid emergence of resistant bacteria makes today's antibiotics more and more ineffective, consequently increasing the need for new pharmacological targets and novel classes of antibacterial drugs. A new model that combines the singular value decomposition technique with biological filters comprised of a set of protein properties associated with bacterial drug targets and similarity to protein-coding essential genes of E. coli has been developed to predict potential drug targets in the Enterobacteriaceae family [1]. This model identified 99 potential target proteins amongst the studied bacterial family, exhibiting eight different functions that suggest that the disruption of the activities of these proteins is critical for cells. Out of these candidates, one was selected for target confirmation. To find target modulators, receptor-based pharmacophore hypotheses were built and used in the screening of a virtual library of compounds. Postscreening filters were based on physicochemical and topological similarity to known Gram-negative antibiotics and applied to the retrieved compounds. Screening hits passing all filters were docked into the proteins catalytic groove and 15 of the most promising compounds were purchased from their chemical vendors to be experimentally tested in vitro. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to rationalize the search of compounds to probe the relevance of this candidate as a new pharmacological target

Pharmaceutical intervention in medicine related problems in hospital: a pilot study performed in a hospital of south Brasil

O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar problemas relacionados aos medicamentos (PRM) e avaliar a aceitabilidade das intervenções farmacêuticas pelos médicos. Este estudo foi realizado em um hospital geral do Sul de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Todos os pacientes (27) investigados tomaram mais de 5 medicamentos (média 8,3 ± 2,8). 27,5 % dos medicamentos utilizados foram agentes do sistema nervoso central, 25,7 % foram agentes cardiovasculares, 17,1 % dos medicamentos foram usados para afetar a coagulação do sangue e tratamento de anemias e 14,9 % medicamentos que atuam sobre o trato gastrointestinal. Foram realizadas 31 intervenções farmacêuticas relacionadas com PRM (87,1 %) e necessidade de exames ou diagnósticos complementares (12,9 %). 63,0 % dos PRM relacionados foram manifestados. 48,0 % das intervenções farmacêuticas aceitas foram relacionados a PRM. Ficou claro que os PRM em pacientes polimedicados podem ser identificados por farmacêuticos mostrando o seu papel no uso racional de medicamentos em ambiente hospitalar.The aim of this study was to detect medicine-related problems (MRP) and to evaluate physicians' acceptability of pharmaceutical interventions. This study was conducted in a general hospital in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil. All patients (27) investigated took more than 5 medications (mean 8.3 ± 2.8). 27.5 % of the medications used were central nervous system agents, 25.7 % were cardiovascular agents, 17.1 % were drugs used to affect blood clotting and agents used in anemia, and 14.9 % were drugs that act on the gastrointestinal tract. 31 pharmaceutical interventions were performed related to MRP (87.1 %) and to complementary diagnostic exams (12.9 %). 63.0 % of the listed MRP were reported. 48.0 % of the pharmaceutical interventions accepted by the physicians were related to MRP. It was clear that MRP in polymedicated patients can be identified by pharmacists, playing their role in promoting the rational use of medicines in hospital settings.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Pharmaceutical intervention in medicine related problems in hospital: a pilot study performed in a hospital of south Brasil

O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar problemas relacionados aos medicamentos (PRM) e avaliar a aceitabilidade das intervenções farmacêuticas pelos médicos. Este estudo foi realizado em um hospital geral do Sul de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Todos os pacientes (27) investigados tomaram mais de 5 medicamentos (média 8,3 ± 2,8). 27,5 % dos medicamentos utilizados foram agentes do sistema nervoso central, 25,7 % foram agentes cardiovasculares, 17,1 % dos medicamentos foram usados para afetar a coagulação do sangue e tratamento de anemias e 14,9 % medicamentos que atuam sobre o trato gastrointestinal. Foram realizadas 31 intervenções farmacêuticas relacionadas com PRM (87,1 %) e necessidade de exames ou diagnósticos complementares (12,9 %). 63,0 % dos PRM relacionados foram manifestados. 48,0 % das intervenções farmacêuticas aceitas foram relacionados a PRM. Ficou claro que os PRM em pacientes polimedicados podem ser identificados por farmacêuticos mostrando o seu papel no uso racional de medicamentos em ambiente hospitalar.The aim of this study was to detect medicine-related problems (MRP) and to evaluate physicians' acceptability of pharmaceutical interventions. This study was conducted in a general hospital in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil. All patients (27) investigated took more than 5 medications (mean 8.3 ± 2.8). 27.5 % of the medications used were central nervous system agents, 25.7 % were cardiovascular agents, 17.1 % were drugs used to affect blood clotting and agents used in anemia, and 14.9 % were drugs that act on the gastrointestinal tract. 31 pharmaceutical interventions were performed related to MRP (87.1 %) and to complementary diagnostic exams (12.9 %). 63.0 % of the listed MRP were reported. 48.0 % of the pharmaceutical interventions accepted by the physicians were related to MRP. It was clear that MRP in polymedicated patients can be identified by pharmacists, playing their role in promoting the rational use of medicines in hospital settings.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Reparo da luz da narina direita e oclusão de fístula oronasal decorrente de miíase em um cão (Canis familiaris)

O artigo não apresenta resumo

Aplicação de marcadores moleculares na conservação e melhoramento de um rebanho da raça Santa Inês.

0 objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a distribuiçao da variabilidade genetica dentro de um Nucleo de Conservaçao da raça Santa Ines a partir do usa de marcadores moleculares. Foram utilizados 17 locos em 191 individuos do rebanho de Santa Ines da Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, Sergipe. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que existe variabilidade genetica significativa existente dentro do nucleo com valores de Heterezigosidade media observada de 0,702 e de conteudo de informaçao polimorfica (PIC) de 0,704. Outras analises intrapopulacionais mostraram que 29% dos locos analisados nao estao em Equilfbrio de Hardy-Weinberg (p<0,01) e apresentaram excesso de homozigotos (p<0,05). A partir do fndice de proporçao de alelos compartilhados entre todos os individuos analisados, foi feito um dendrograma para estimar quais seriam os animais mais proximos ou mais distantes dentro do rebanho, com especial atençao para os 10 machos reprodutores. Tres agrupamentos principais foram identificados e em todos existe pelo menos um reprodutor do rebanho. Esse tipo de analise e importante, pais ira auxiliar o manejo reprodutivo do rebanho bem com servira de ferramenta complementar para os programas de melhoramento classico que se iniciaram dentro deste Nucleo de Conservaçao

Thermal and mechanical properties of chitosan nanocomposites with cellulose modified in ionic liquids

In this paper, ionic liquid treatment was applied to produce nanometric cellulose particles of two polymorphic forms. A complex characterization of nanofillers including wide-angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and particle size determination was performed. The evaluated ionic liquid treatment was effective in terms of nanocrystalline cellulose production, leaving chemical and supermolecular structure of the materials intact. However, nanocrystalline cellulose II was found to be more prone to ionic liquid hydrolysis leading to formation larger amount of small particles. Each nanocrystalline cellulose was subsequently mixed with a solution of chitosan, so that composite films containing 1, 3, and 5% mass/mass of nanometric filler were obtained. Reference samples of chitosan and chitosan with micrometric celluloses were also solvent casted. Thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of films were tested and correlated with properties of filler used. The results of both, tensile tests and thermogravimetric analysis showed a significant discrepancy between composites filled with nanocrystalline cellulose I and nanocrystalline cellulose II