A Case of Churg-Strauss Syndrome with Polyneuropathy That Incompletely Improved by Corticosteroid Administration

This paper reports a rate case of Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS), in a sixty-five- year old female with 10-year history of bronchial asthma complicated with eosinophilia, pneumonia and later polyneuropathy of sensory and motor disturbances in the extremities. After administration of prednisolone, the eosinophilia and pneumonia promptly ameliorated, however, improvement of the vessel walls infiltrated with inflammatory cells, compatible with vasculitis, and these results suggested the ischemic effect on the nerve fibers as the pathogenesis of polyneuropathy in CSS

The development and fate of follicular helper T cells defined by an IL-21 reporter mouse

Germinal centers require CD4 follicular helper T cells (T cells), whose hallmark is expression of the transcriptional repressor Bcl-6, the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and interleukin 21 (IL-21). To track the development and fate of T cells, we generated an IL-21 reporter mouse by introducing sequence encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the Il21 locus; these mice had expression of IL-21-GFP in CD4 CXCR5PD-1 T cells. IL-21-GFP T cells were multifunctional helper cells that coexpressed several cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-2 and IL-4. T cells proliferated and gave rise to transferrable memory cells with plasticity, which differentiated after recall into conventional effector helper T cells and T cells. Thus, we demonstrated that T cells were not terminally differentiated but instead retained the flexibility to be recruited into other helper T cell subsets and nonlymphoid tissues