Simultaneous estimation of atazanavir and ritonavir in combined Tablet dosage form: A Review

In present study describe the development of new method and parameter which will be considered during method development and validation. Article give brief idea for a simple, sensitive, precise and accurate High-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of Ritonavir and Atazanavir in their combined tablet dosage form has been developed, validated and used for determination of the compounds in commercial pharmaceutical products. Chromatographic separation will be achieved on different column like C8, C18, etc. used as the stationary phase and different mobile phase. Keywords: High-performance thin-layer chromatography, Ritonavir, Atazanavi

Method development and validation of Sofosbuvir and iedipasvirin by HPLC: A Review

The aim of this review article is emphasizing on development and validation protocol which will used to develop and validate accurate, simple, selective and specific spectrophotometric methods for the determination of Sofosbuvir (SOF) and Ledipasvir (LDV) in pure and in their dosage forms. Thus it is necessary to develop methods for analysis with the help of number of analytical techniques which are available for the estimation of the drugs in combination. The analyst were determine the Specific, accurate, simple, selective and stability-indicating RP-HPLC method is developed and validated for simultaneous determination of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir in tablet dosage form. Keywords: Sofosbuvir, Ledipasvir, RP-HPLC, Method development, Method validation

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GLICLAZIDE NANOSPONGES

Objective: The objective of the present study was to develop and characterize an optimal stable nanosponges of Gliclazide (GLZ) by using the emulsion solvent diffusion method and aimed to increase its bioavailability and release the drug in sustained and controlled manner. Methods: The GLZ nanosponge was prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion method using different drug-polymer ratios (1:1 to 1:5) Eudragit S100 is used as a polymer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) estimated the compatibility of GLZ with polymer. All formulations evaluated for production yield, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and stability studies. Results: The DSC and FTIR Studies revealed that no interaction between drug and polymer. The Production yield of all batches in the range of 73.8±0.30 to 85.6±0.32. Batch F3 showed the highest production yield, the entrapment efficiency of batch F3 70.6±0.77. The average particle size ranges from 303±2.36 to 680±2.50 nm. By the end of 10th hour F3 formulation shown highest drug release was found to be 94.40±1.12%. The release kinetics of the optimized formulation shows zero-order drug release. The stability study indicates no significant change in the in vitro dissolution profile of optimized formulation. Conclusion: The results of various evaluation parameters, revealed that GLZ nanosponges would be possible alternative delivery systems to conventional formulation to improve its bioavailability, the emulsion solvent diffusion method is best method for preparation of nanosponges and release the drug in sustained and controlled manner

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES A phytopharmacological review on Lawsonia inermis (Linn.)

Abstract Medicinal plants are being widely used, either as single drug or in co mbination in health care delivery system. Lawsonia inermis Linn. is co mmonly known as henna, which is recognized in traditional system of med icine. It consists of various categories of phytoconstiuents like flavonoids, coumarins, triterpenoids, steroids, xanthones. It has been traditionally reported in use of headache, hemicranias, lu mbago, bronchitis, boils, ophthalmia, syphilit is, sores, amenorrhea, scabies, diseases of the spleen, dysuria, bleeding disorder, skin diseases, diuretic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-amoebiasis, astringent, anti-hemorrhagic, hypotensive and sedative effect. Several studies are being carried towards it activates like cytotoxic , hypoglycaemic , nootropics, antimicrobial, antibacterial , trypsin inhibitory , wound Healing , antioxidant , anti-corrosin , anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic , anti-parasitic, tuberculostatic , protein glycation inhibitory , hepatoprotective , anti-tu moral activ ity. With all these potential benefits, this plant is not widely utilized. Hence this review is carried out to exp lore the hidden potential and its uses, towards the benefit of man kind

Traditional Remedies for Wound Healing: A Review

Wounds are a natural part of everyday life that can be successfully treated with the knowledge of Ayurveda. Ayurveda is the study of science that is based on herbal remedies. A wound must progress through vrana shodhana (wound purification) and vrana roopana (wound healing) and pass through the four stages of wound healing; dushta vrana (septic wound), shudh vrana (clean wound), roohyamana vrana (healing wound), and roodha vrana (healed wound). Through this, Ayurveda has revealed knowledge for treating conditions that can’t be treating by the modern medicine. Ghee-based herbal formulations claimed to promote wound healing in traditional practices. This article aims to provide probable scientific explanations for using medicated ghrita (ghee) as wound healing formulation in Ayurvedic system of medicine and its clinical importance. Keywords: Ayurveda, Wound, Ghrita, Wound healing

A Review on Gastro-Retentive Floating Microspheres

The floating microsphere's purpose is to improve gastric retention time. Floating drug delivery systems are lower in bulk thickness than gastric juice and remain floating on gastric juice for a long period of time without impacting the gastric-emptying rate and increasing bioavailability. Gastro-retentive microspheres are particularly suitable for the continuous or late release of oral formulations with blending versatility to achieve various release patterns, low dose risk as a reproducible and short gastric retention time. The aim of this review is to address literature on the floating device, techniques, selection of suitable or inappropriate drug candidates for GRDDS, low density polymers used to swim over gastric fluid, processes, and floating microsphere assessment and application. Keywords: GRDDS, Floating system, Approaches, Polymer, Mechanism, Method

The Screening models for antiepileptic drugs: A Review

Considering the prevalence of epilepsy and the problems associated with currently available antiepileptic drugs like side effects, resistance, safety issue and high cost, herbal medicine with fewer complications could be very appropriate alternative. Therefore in the present study, we have examined the antiepileptic properties of ethanolic extract of leaves in mice using maximal electroshock seizers (MES)test, Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), induced seizures, strychnine induced convulsion, Isoniazid-induced convulsions, Picrotoxin-induced convulsions, Kainic acid (KA) model etc.There is increased concern on agents for epilepsy disease modification and prevention. To solve these unmet needs, the research scientist must have a thorough knowledge of available animal models of epilepsy so that he can pick up the best model for his research. In this article, we are reviewing the diversity of animal models of epilepsy and their implications in antiepileptic drug discovery. Keywords: Epilepsy, animal model, seizures

A review on phytochemical and pharmacological values of Aegle marmelos

India is the largest producer of medicinal plants and is rightly referred to as "the World's Botanical Garden." Medicinal plants play a key role in the health and vitality of humans and animals alike. Researchers have been attempting to recognize and validate plant-derived substances for the treatment of various diseases that promote compounds for health and nutrition for the past few years. Bael is a common plant that originated in India (Aegle marmelos). According to a study of the literature, entire parts of the plant, such as roots, barks, leaves, fruits, seeds, and flowers, are used to treat various diseases. Bangladesh, Indonesia, China, and other Asian countries, for example, it is a spiritual, religious, and medicinal plant that can be found all over the world. It has a number of therapeutic applications. Nowadays, various products from various parts of the plant are prepared. The biological profile, botanical description, physicochemical parameters, conventional uses, therapeutic applications and creative aspects are included in this study. The purpose of the present analysis is to compile the general chemical profile, both medicinal and economic value, value-added items such as juice, jam and toffee, and other uses of Aegle marmelos. Keywords: Aegle marmelos, Rutaceae, Medicinal Value

A Review on Carissa carandas: Traditional Use, Phytochemical Constituents, and Pharmacological properties

Carissa carandas  l. (Karaunda) is a widely useful food and medicinal plant of India, Plant-based medicines play an important role in all cultures have been indispensable in maintaining health and combating diseases. Owing to the global trend towards better quality of life, there is a great claim for medicinal plants. Carissa carandas  l. plant popularly used as a traditional medicinal plant over thousands of years in the Ayurvedic, Unani, and Homoeopathic system of medicine. The major bioactive elements, which impart the medicinal worth of herbs, are alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and huge amounts of cardiac glycosides, triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, and tannins. Traditionally, the whole plant and its parts were used in the treatment of various ailments. It contains several phytochemical constituents belonging to the terpenoids category. The root is attributed to bitter, stomachic; antidiarrheal, vermifuge, and ant anthelmintic properties. The medicinally unripe fruit is used as an astringent. The ripe fruit is taken as an antiscorbutic and therapy for nausea. The leaf decoction is appreciated in cases of alternating fever, diarrhea, oral inflammation, and earache. Also, Carissa carandas  have showing a extensive range of evidence for its cardiotonic, hepatoprotective, free radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibitory, histamine-releasing, antirheumatic, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticonvulsant activity. A higher gross heat value of this species indicates its higher potential to be used as a good fuel source. Keywords: Carissa carandas , Phytochemical Constituents, Traditional Use, Pharmacological Properties

A Review on Microsphere

The microsphere is having free-flowing powder properties that are incorporate proteins and synthetic or natural polymer. This polymer is biodegradable in nature and particle size having less than 200 µm. Advanced drug delivery system has various advantages over the mainstream multi dose therapy. The microsphere's drug delivery systems are acceptable for attained delay or sustained release formulation with minimum risk of dose repeatability and small gastric habitation time. The present review provides a complete discussion of therapeutic aspects of the microsphere drug delivery system into deliberation of the required area for microparticulate, types of polymers used, method of preparation, type of microspheres in detail, parameters & targeting of microspheres & practical aspects of microspheres. Keywords: Microspheres, bioavailability, types, classification, ideal properties, evaluation, etc