5,188 research outputs found
Gauge Model With Extended Field Transformations in Euclidean Space
An SO(4) gauge invariant model with extended field transformations is
examined in four dimensional Euclidean space. The gauge field is
where are the SO(4) generators in the fundamental
representation. The SO(4) gauge indices also participate in the Euclidean space
SO(4) transformations giving the extended field transformations. We provide the
decomposition of the reducible field in terms of fields
irreducible under SO(4). The SO(4) gauge transformations for the irreducible
fields mix fields of different spin. Reducible matter fields are introduced in
the form of a Dirac field in the fundamental representation of the gauge group
and its decomposition in terms of irreducible fields is also provided. The
approach is shown to be applicable also to SO(5) gauge models in five
dimensional Euclidean space.Comment: 31 pages, Plain LaTe
Evaluation of the capture efficiency and size selectivity of four pot types in the prospective fishery for North Pacific giant octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini)
Over 230 metric tons of octopus is harvested as bycatch annually in Alaskan trawl, long-line, and pot fisheries. An expanding market has fostered interest in the development
of a directed fishery for North Pacific giant octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini). To investigate the potential for fishery development we examined the efficacy of four different pot types for capture of this species. During two
surveys in Kachemak Bay, Alaska, strings of 16 –20 sablefish, Korean hair crab, shrimp, and Kodiak wooden
lair pots were set at depths ranging between 62 and 390 meters. Catch per-unit-of-ef for t estimates were highest for sablefish and lair pots. Sablefish pots caught significantly heavier North Pacific giant octopuses but also produced the highest bycatch of commercially important species, such as halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis),
Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), and Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi)
The Double Slit Experiment With Polarizers
The double slit experiment provides a standard way of demonstrating how
quantum mechanics works. We consider modifying the standard arrangement so that
a photon beam incident upon the double slit encounters a polarizer in front of
either one or both of the slits.Comment: 6 page
Renormalization Mass Scale and Scheme Dependence in the Perturbative Contribution to Inclusive Semileptonic Decays
We examine the perturbative calculation of the inclusive semi-leptonic decay
rate for the -quark, using mass-independent renormalization. To
finite order of perturbation theory the series for will depend on the
unphysical renormalization scale parameter and on the particular choice
of mass-independent renormalization scheme; these dependencies will only be
removed after summing the series to all orders. In this paper we show that all
explicit -dependence of , through powers of ln, can be
summed by using the renormalization group equation. We then find that this
explicit -dependence can be combined together with the implicit
-dependence of (through powers of both the running coupling
and the running -quark mass ) to yield a -independent
perturbative expansion for in terms of and both
evaluated at a renormalization scheme independent mass scale which is
fixed in terms of either the " mass" of the
quark or its pole mass . At finite order the resulting perturbative
expansion retains a degree of arbitrariness associated with the particular
choice of mass-independent renormalization scheme. We use the coefficients
and of the perturbative expansions of the renormalization group
functions and , associated with and
respectively, to characterize the remaining renormalization scheme
arbitrariness of . We further show that all terms in the expansion of
can be written in terms of the and coefficients and a set
of renormalization scheme independent parameters .Comment: 26 pages, 4 figures, typo correcte
- …