15 research outputs found

    Tracking antioxidant properties and color changes in low-sugar bilberry jam as effect of processing, storage and pectin concentration

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recently, an increased interest in the identification of valuable possibilities for preserving the antioxidant properties of products obtained by thermal processing of fruits rich in bioactive compounds can be noticed. In this regard, an extensive analysis is necessary in terms of thermal processed products behavior in relation to various factors. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect which processing and storage at 20掳C has on the antioxidant properties and color quality of low-sugar bilberry jam with different low-methoxyl pectin (LMP) concentrations.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>For all measured parameters, it should be noted that thermal processing induced significant alterations reported to the values registered for fresh fruit. Most important losses due to thermal processing were recorded for total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA) (81-84%), followed by L-ascorbic acid (L-AsAc) content (53-58%), total phenolics (TP) content (42-51%) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) values (36-47%). Moreover, depreciation of the investigated compounds occurred during storage at 20掳C. Jam storage for 7 months resulted in severe losses in TMA content in the range 58-72% from the value recorded one day after processing. This coincided with marked increases in polymeric color percent of these products after 7 months of storage. Also, bilberry jam storage for 7 months resulted in a decrease in L-AsAc content of 40-53% from the value recorded one day after processing, 41-57% in TP content and 33-46% from the value recorded one day after processing for FRAP values. By decreasing of LMP concentration in the jam recipe from 1 to 0.3% there has been an increase in losses of investigated compounds.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Overall, the results indicated that bilberry jams can also represent a good source of antioxidant compounds, although compared to the fruit, important losses seem to occur. Practical application of this work is that this kind of information will be very useful in optimizing the jam processing technology and storage conditions, in order to improve the quality of these products.</p

    Effect of plant extract additives on the content of total polyphenols, anthocyanins, L-ascorbic acid, and antioxidant capacity of black currant nectars

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    Celem pracy by艂o okre艣lenie zmian jako艣ciowych nektar贸w z czarnej porzeczki przechowywanych przez 1, 2 i 4 miesi膮ce w temp. 20 潞C bez dost臋pu 艣wiat艂a. Badaniom poddano 3 warianty nektar贸w: bez dodatk贸w, wzbogacane ekstraktem z je偶贸wki purpurowej i wzbogacane ekstraktem z zielonej herbaty. W nektarach oznaczono zawarto艣膰 polifenoli og贸艂em, antocyjan贸w, witaminy C oraz pojemno艣膰 przeciwutleniaj膮c膮. Bezpo艣rednio po wytworzeniu nektary: bez dodatk贸w oraz wzbogacane ekstraktem z je偶贸wki purpurowej i ekstraktem z zielonej herbaty wykazywa艂y aktywno艣膰 przeciwutleniaj膮c膮 na poziomie, odpowiednio, 9,3 碌moli Troloxu/ml, 11,8 碌moli Troloxu/ml i 16,3 碌moli Troloxu/ml. Z kolei zawarto艣膰 antocyjan贸w wynosi艂a odpowiednio 89,7 oraz 100,2 i 105,2 mg/100 ml, a polifenoli 96,3 oraz 110,1 i 124,2 mg/100 ml. W trakcie 4-miesi臋cznego przechowywania stwierdzono zmniejszenie zawarto艣ci polifenoli og贸艂em, antocyjan贸w i witaminy C, co spowodowa艂o obni偶enie pojemno艣ci przeciwutleniaj膮cej. Po 4 miesi膮cach przechowywania nektary zawiera艂y 70 % mniej antocyjan贸w ni偶 pr贸bki wyj艣ciowe.The objective of the study was to determine the qualitative changes in black current nectars stored at 20 潞C during a period of 1, 2, and 4 months with no access to light. Three variants of nectars were analysed: nectars without the additives, nectars enriched in an echinacea purpurea extract, and nectars enriched in a green tea extract. In the nectars analysed, the following contents were determined: total polyphenols, anthocyanins, L-ascorbic acid, and, also the antioxidant activity was determined. Immediately after the production, the nectars without the additives, as well as those enriched in the echinacea extract and in the green tea extract were characterized by the following antioxidant activity levels: 9.3 碌mol Troloxu/ml, 11.8 碌mol Troloxu/ml, and 16.3 碌mol Troloxu/ml, respectively. In the same nectars, the content of anthocyanins was 89.7, 100.2, and 105.2 mg/100 ml, respectively, whereas the content of polyphenols was 96.3, 110.1, and 124.2 mg/100 ml, respectively. It was found that during the 4 months of storage the content of total polyphenols, anthocyanins, and vitamin C decreased in all nectars, and this decrease caused the antioxidant activity to fall. After the 4 month storage, the content of anthocyanins in the nectars was 70% lower compared to the initial samples

    Influence of freezing process and frozen storage on anthocyanin contents of highbush blueberries

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    Celem pracy by艂o okre艣lenie stabilno艣ci barwnik贸w antocyjanowych w czasie produkcji mro偶onek z owoc贸w bor贸wki wysokiej (Vaccinium corymbosum L). Ponadto zbadano wp艂yw czasu i temperatury przechowywania mro偶onek na zawarto艣膰 zwi膮zk贸w antocyjanowych. Podczas procesu zamra偶ania nie stwierdzono statystycznie istotnych zmian zawarto艣ci antocyjan贸w og贸艂em. Metod膮 chromatografii cieczowej wyodr臋bniono z owoc贸w 14 zwi膮zk贸w antocyjanowych. Pochodne malwidyny i delfinidyny by艂y dominuj膮cymi barwnikami, stanowi膮cymi ponad 75% wszystkich zidentyfikowanych antocyjan贸w. Owoce zamro偶one, w por贸wnaniu z surowcem 艣wie偶ym, charakteryzowa艂y si臋 nieznacznie wi臋ksz膮 zawarto艣ci膮 pochodnych delfinidyny oraz petunidyno-3-arabinozydu. Obserwowany przyrost zawarto艣ci antocyjan贸w w owocach mro偶onych zwi膮zany m贸g艂 by膰 z popraw膮 efektywno艣ci ekstrakcji barwnik贸w. Podczas 6-miesi臋cznego przechowywania zamra偶alniczego owoc贸w w temp. -18 i -35掳C nie nast臋powa艂y istotne zmiany zawarto艣ci antocyjan贸w.The aim of this study was to determine the anthocyanin dyes during production of frozen investigate highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L). In addition, our objective was to determine the effect of frozen storage temperature and time on anthocyanins content. During the freezing process the significant changes of total anthocyanins content of blueberry were not observed. A HPLC method was used for the separation of 14 individual anthocyanins. Derivates of malvidin and delphinidin constituted about 75% of the total anthocyanin content of fruits. Measurements of the individual anthocyanins showed there were significant differences between fresh and frozen fruits in contents of delphinidin glycosides and peonidin-3-galactoside. It is the most probable that the anthocyanin in frozen fruits becomes more easily extractable. No significant changes in anthocyanins content of blueberries were found during the long-term frozen storage at -18掳C and -35掳C

    Thermal degradation of anthocyanins in blueberry fruit

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    W pracy oceniono termiczn膮 stabilno艣膰 antocyjan贸w zawartych w ekstraktach otrzymanych z owoc贸w bor贸wki wysokiej poprzez ich ogrzewanie w temperaturze 95 掳C przez 3 h. W pr贸bkach oznaczono og贸ln膮 zawarto艣膰 antocyjan贸w, udzia艂 barwy polimerycznej oraz okre艣lono barw臋 badanych ekstrakt贸w. Metod膮 wysokosprawnej chromatografii cieczowej po艂膮czonej ze spektrometri膮 masow膮 (HPLC/ESI-MS) zidentyfikowano i oznaczono zawarto艣膰 poszczeg贸lnych antocyjan贸w. Proces obr贸bki termicznej powodowa艂 spadek zawarto艣ci antocyjan贸w og贸艂em w ekstraktach. Proces rozpadu antocyjan贸w przebiega艂 zgodnie z kinetyk膮 reakcji pierwszego rz臋du. Wykazano istotn膮 korelacj臋 mi臋dzy zawarto艣ci膮 antocyjan贸w a warto艣ci膮 L* w badanych ekstraktach co sugeruje, 偶e parametr ten jest odpowiedni do szybkiego monitorowania zmian antocyjan贸w w produktach poddanych obr贸bce termicznej. W pracy wykazano tak偶e r贸偶n膮 termostabilno艣膰 poszczeg贸lnych monomer贸w antocyjan贸w. Galaktozydy i glukozydy by艂y bardziej odporne na ogrzewanie w por贸wnaniu z barwnikami, w sk艂ad kt贸rych wchodzi艂a arabinoza.In the paper, the heat stability was assessed of anthocyanins contained in the extracts prepared from blueberry fruit by heating them at 95 掳C for 3 hours. In the samples, the following was determined: content of total anthocyanins, polymeric colour fraction, and colour of the extracts analysed. With the use of highperformance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS), the content of individual anthocyanins was identified and quantified. The heating process caused the total content of anthocyanins in the extracts to drop. The degradation process of anthocyanins went according to the kinetics of the first-order reaction. It was proved that a significant correlation existed between the content of anthocyanins and the L*value in the extracts analysed. This correlation suggests that the L*value may be a parameter suitable for quick monitoring the changes in anthocyanins in thermally processed products. In the paper, it was also shown that the individual monomers of anthocyanins had different heat-stability. The galactosides and glucosides were more resistant to heating compared to the containing arabinose

    Effect of storage conditions on the content of hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, and ascorbic acid in berry jams

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    Celem pracy by艂o okre艣lenie wp艂ywu temperatury oraz czasu przechowywania na powstawanie hydroksymetylofurfuralu (HMF) w d偶emach niskos艂odzonych z czarnej porzeczki i bor贸wki wysokiej. Badane d偶emy przechowywano przez 180 dni w temperaturze 6 i 22 潞C. Zakres przeprowadzonych bada艅 obejmowa艂 wyprodukowanie d偶em贸w niskos艂odzonych z owoc贸w jagodowych, oznaczenie podstawowego sk艂adu chemicznego surowc贸w i d偶em贸w, jak r贸wnie偶 ocen臋 wp艂ywu warunk贸w przechowywania i temperatury na zawarto艣膰 furfuralu, kwasu L-askorbinowego i cukr贸w oraz parametr贸w barwy otrzymanych przetwor贸w. Do oznaczania zawarto艣ci HMF, furfuralu, glukozy, fruktozy i sacharozy zastosowano metod臋 wysokosprawnej chromatografii cieczowej, a kwas askorbinowy oznaczono metod臋 spektrofotometryczn膮. Pomiar barwy przeprowadzono w systemie CIE L*a*b* za pomoc膮 kolorymetru. Stwierdzono istotny wp艂yw temperatury przechowywania na powstawanie HMF i furfuralu w badanych d偶emach. Najwi臋kszy przyrost HMF zachodzi艂 w dw贸ch pierwszych miesi膮cach przechowywania, zw艂aszcza w d偶emach sk艂adowanych w temperaturze 22 潞C. Na zawarto艣膰 sacharozy istotny wp艂yw mia艂 czas przechowywania, natomiast temperatura w jakiej przechowywano d偶emy nie wp艂yn臋艂a istotnie na zawarto艣膰 cukr贸w. Stwierdzono liniow膮 zale偶no艣膰 pomi臋dzy zawarto艣ci膮 kwasu askorbinowego a zawarto艣ci膮 furfuralu, co mog艂o by膰 zwi膮zane z procesem beztlenowej degradacji tego kwasu.The objective of the study was to determine both the effect of temperature and of the time period of storage on the formation of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in low-sugar jams from blackcurrant and highbush blueberries. The jams analyzed were stored for 180 days at a temperature of 22 潞C and 6 潞C. The range of the analysis conducted comprised the production of low-sugar jams from berries; the determination of basic chemical composition of raw materials and jams; the assessment of the impact of storage conditions and temperature on the content of furfural, L-ascorbic acid, and sugars, as well as on the colour parameters of the jams analyzed. A method of high performance liquid chromatography for HMF was applied to determine the content of HMF, furfural, glucose, fructose, and sucrose, and a spectrophotometric method was used to determine the content of ascorbic acid. The measurement of colour was carried out in CIE L*a*b* system with the use of colorimetric method. In the jams analyzed, a significant impact of the temperature of storage was found on the formation of HMF and furfural. The highest increase in HMF occurred during the first two months of storage, especially, in the jams stored at a temperature of 22 掳C. The content of sucrose was significantly impacted by the time period of storage, while the temperature of stored jams did not have any significant impact on the content of sugars. Based on the results of the correlation analysis, a linear dependence between the content of ascorbic acid and the content of furfural was reported. This dependence could be associated with the process of anaerobic degradation of this acid

    Effects of addition of plums on selected properties of pork burgers

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    Celem pracy by艂o por贸wnanie wp艂ywu dodatku mro偶onych 艣liwek (5 lub 10%) oraz kwasu askorbinowego (0,05%) na wybrane w艂a艣ciwo艣ci burger贸w wieprzowych (wydajno艣膰, pH, zawarto艣膰 wody i t艂uszczu, wska藕nik TBARS oznaczany po 1 dniu i po 13 dniach przechowywania w opakowaniu pr贸偶niowym w temp. 3-7潞C). Dodawane 艣liwki zosta艂y scharakteryzowane pod wzgl臋dem zawarto艣ci wybranych sk艂adnik贸w chemicznych (m.in. cukr贸w, kwas贸w og贸艂em, antocyjan贸w i polifenoli og贸艂em). Stwierdzono obecno艣膰 w owocach substancji znanych ze swojej aktywno艣ci przeciwutleniaj膮cej. W艂a艣ciwo艣ci przeciwutleniaj膮ce 艣liwek zosta艂y potwierdzone po ich wprowadzeniu do burger贸w. 艢liwki zmniejsza艂y wska藕nik TBARS w burgerach o 69% lub 82% w por贸wnaniu z pr贸b膮 kontroln膮, odpowiednio przy 5- i 10-procentowym dodatku, natomiast kwas askorbinowy obni偶a艂 ten wska藕nik o 90%. Pakowanie pr贸偶niowe produkt贸w wyeliminowa艂o w nich zmiany wska藕nika TBARS mi臋dzy 1 a 13 dniem przechowywania. Negatywnym skutkiem wprowadzenia 艣liwek do receptury burger贸w wieprzowych by艂o zmniejszenie ich wydajno艣ci po obr贸bce cieplnej.The aim of this work was to compare the effects of addition of plums (5 or 10%) or ascorbic acid (0.05%) on selected properties of pork burgers (yield, pH, water and fat contents, TBARS after 1 and 13 days of storage at 3-7潞C in vacuum packaging). Selected chemical characteristics of plums (sugar, total acid, antocyane, and phenolic contents among others) were determined. The fruit contained compounds which are known for their antioxidative activity. Antioxidative properties of plums were confirmed after their incorporation into burgers. The addition of plums (5 or 10%) decreased TBARS by 69% and 82%, respectively, whereas ascorbic acid decreased it by 90%. Vacuum packaging effectively inhibited changes of TBARS between the 1st and 13th day of storage. The negative effect of plums was the decrease of burger yield after heat treatment

    Effect of storage conditions on colour of jams made from colourful fruits

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    Celem pracy by艂a ocena wp艂ywu d艂ugoterminowego przechowywania na barw臋 oraz zawarto艣膰 antocyjan贸w w d偶emach z owoc贸w jagodowych. D偶emy wyprodukowane z owoc贸w bor贸wki wysokiej oraz czarnej porzeczki przechowywano bez dost臋pu 艣wiat艂a w temperaturze 6 i 22 掳C przez 8 miesi臋cy. Degradacja antocyjan贸w przebiega艂a zgodnie z kinetyk膮 reakcji pierwszego rz臋du, a czas po艂owicznego rozpadu tych zwi膮zk贸w by艂 d艂u偶szy w d偶emach bor贸wkowych w por贸wnaniu z produktami otrzymanymi z owoc贸w porzeczek. Temperatura przechowywania by艂a czynnikiem istotnie wp艂ywaj膮cym na straty antocyjan贸w. D偶emy przechowywane przez 8 miesi臋cy w temperaturze 6 掳C zawiera艂y od 4- do 7-krotnie wi臋cej barwnik贸w w por贸wnaniu z produktami przechowywanymi w 22 掳C. Podczas przechowywania d偶em贸w nast臋powa艂 wzrost udzia艂u barwy polimerycznej, co zwi膮zane mog艂o by膰 z reakcj膮 polimeryzacji mi臋dzy antocyjanami a innymi zwi膮zkami polifenolowymi. Obserwowano istotn膮 korelacj臋 pomi臋dzy parametrami barwy i zawarto艣ci膮 antocyjan贸w w d偶emach otrzymanych z owoc贸w bor贸wki. Na barw臋 d偶em贸w porzeczkowych nie mia艂a wp艂ywu zawarto艣膰 monomer贸w antocyjanowych, co sugeruje 偶e inne zwi膮zki (produkty reakcji Maillarda, antocyjany spolimeryzowane) mog艂y kszta艂towa膰 barw臋 produkt贸w porzeczkowych.The objective of the study was to assess the effect of long-term storage on the colour and content of anthocyanins in jams made from colourful fruits. The jams were prepared from highbush blueberries and blackcurrants, and stored at 6 and 22掳C with no access to light during 8 months. The degradation of anthocyanins followed according to the kinetics of the first order reaction and the half-life time of those compounds was longer in the blueberry jams compared to blackcurrant products. The storage temperature was a factor significantly impacting the loss of anthocyanins. In the jams stored for 8 months at 6 掳C, the content of pigments was from 4 to 7 times higher compared to the products stored at 22 掳C. While the jams were stored, their polymeric colour increased and this fact could be attributed to the polymerization reaction between the anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds. A significant correlation was found between the parameters of colour and the content of antocyanins in the jams produced from blueberries. The content of monomeric anthocyanins did not impact the colour of blackcurrant jams, and this fact suggests that some other compounds (the Maillard reaction products, polymeric compounds) could shape the colour of blackcurrant products
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