Not Available

Not AvailableSugarcane dry trash, available to the tune of 7 million tonne, is a part of sugarcane tops and is a major byproduct of the sugarcane industry which is left in the field after cane harvest. The dry fodder can be utilized as dry fodder source after chaffing in to small pieces in the place of paddy or any other straw. The dry fodder can be mixed with other seasonal green fodder and concentrate in the total mixed ration. Depending upon level of milk production, not more than 3 to 5 kg dry trash can be mixed with varying amounts of green fodder and concentrate in the form of total mixed ration for feeding cattle.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableLeast cost ration formulation using linear programming (LP) is an ideal approach to optimize cost of feed without compromising on the quality of feed using local feeds. In the present research communication, a methodology has been presented for formulation of least cost concentrate feed for cattle. Solver module of Microsoft Excel has been used as an interface. By using this method, researchers and students of animal nutrition can formulate least cost balanced rations using different raw materials having variations in chemical composition and cost on day to day basis. In this paper we delineate the various steps in achieving the same.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableAn incomplete factorial experiment was conducted to determine the effect of level and frequency of feeding of a protein-rich supplement on the growth and whole-body protein metabolism of young sheep fed a medium quality roughage diet. Cottonseed meal (CSM) was used as the protein supplement and provided at 0, 0.2 or 0.4% liveweight per day at a frequency of 1 or 3 times each week and chopped oaten (0.95) and lucerne (0.05) hay was the roughage. Growth rate more than doubled (P < 0.01) following provision of CSM but there was no advantage of feeding CSM at the highest level. Frequency of feeding CSM did not alter growth rate. Intake of hay was little affected by CSM and as a consequence the food conversion ratio declined (P < 0.01) favourably from 22 : 1 (nil CSM) to 9 : 1 as a result of supplementation. The rate of whole-body protein synthesis increased (P < 0.01) in response to the highest level of CSM with no apparent change in protein degradation, underpinning an increase (P < 0.01) in protein retention. These results highlight the role of protein supplements for promoting growth of young sheep on roughage diets and indicate that these supplements need to be provided only once a week.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableThe non-conventional karanja cake is rich in protein (around 30% CP) and can be used in livestock feed as a protein source instead of conventional protein supplement cake like soybean meal (SBM), groundnut cake, etc. The present study was carried out to research the effect of partially substituted soybean meal with detoxified karanja cake (dKC) on performance of ram lambs. Twenty-four ram lambs were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6) and fed different levels (%) of detoxified karanja cake (0% replacement, control; 25% replacement, dKC-25; 50% replacement, dKC-50 and 75% replacement, dKC-75) in concentrate mixtures for 140 days. dKC was incorporated in the concentrate mixtures at the expense of soybean meal, maize grain and wheat bran at 9, 18 and 29% in dKC-25, dKC-50 and dKC-75, respectively on fresh basis. As the level of karanja in the diet increased, DMI was found to be decreasing significantly. Similar to these effects, N-retention was reduced leading to significant reduction of body weight in high karanja cake replaced groups. Similar trend was observed in OM, CP, and ADF digestilities and reason attributed to increased dietary level of karanja cake. However, detrimental effects were not observed on the levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, serum urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) indicating residual ANF present in dKC did not exert any adverse effects. The effects on hot carcass weight, weights of liver and testes are following a decreasing trend while that weight of kidney is increasing with level of karanja in the diet. Our findings highlights that the detoxified karanja cake can be added as replacement of soybean meal (SBM) at low levels. However, higher levels of replacement (above 9 per cent of concentrate mixture) warrant caution due to its adverse effect on studied parameters.Not Availabl

Tephrosia purpurea (Sarphonk) a Nutritionally Potential Plant in Grazing Land of Semi Arid Region.

Not AvailableNot AvailableNot Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableNot AvailableNot Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableThis scientific report describes the effect of feeding detoxified karanj seed cake as protein replacement of soya bean meal on immunity and pathology in growing lambs. Twenty-four male lambs, 4-6 months of age were divided into four groups of six each and fed with different levels of detoxified karanj seed cake (dKC 0%, dKC 25%, dKC 50%, dKC 75%) for 140 days. Effect on humoral and cell mediated immunity was assessed by antibody titer against Peste des petites ruminants (PPR) vaccination and lymphocyte proliferation assay, respectively. Significant decrease in the humoral immunity in high dose fed group and no change in stimulation index of lymphocytes in all the groups were observed. On histopathology, dKC 75 showed severe changes in intestine,testis and mesenteric lymph node. Thus, the present process of detoxification of karanj seed cake is useful for feeding growing lambs up to 50% protein replacement levels, with little adverse effect on immunity and pathologyNot Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableNot AvailableNot Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableNano minerals are widely used in diversified sectors including agriculture, animal, and food systems. Hence, their multiple uses provoke the production of nanomaterials at the laboratory level, which can be achieved through physical, chemical or biological methods. Every method is having its own merits and demerits. But keeping all in mind, chemical methods are more beneficial, as uniform nano-sized particles can be produced, but the use of corrosive chemicals is the main demerits. When it comes to environmental issues, biological methods are better as these are free from corrosive chemicals, but maintaining the culture media is the disadvantage. For animal feeding, chemical methods are mostly followed to produce nano minerals as it is cheap and less time consuming. These nano minerals also showed their significant effects even at lower doses of recommendations than the conventional mineral sources. These nano minerals have significant growth promoting, immuno-modulatory, antibacterial effects than the conventional counterparts. They also alter the rumen fermentation pattern on supplementation in the animal feeds. Apart from these, nano minerals are reported to enhance the reproduction in the livestock and poultry.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableThis scientific report describes the effect of feeding detoxified karanj seed cake as protein replacement of soya bean meal on immunity and pathology in growing lambs. Twenty-four male lambs, 4-6 months of age were divided into four groups of six each and fed with different levels of detoxified karanj seed cake (dKC 0%, dKC 25%, dKC 50%, dKC 75%) for 140 days. Effect on humoral and cell mediated immunity was assessed by antibody titer against Peste des petites ruminants (PPR) vaccination and lymphocyte proliferation assay, respectively. Significant decrease in the humoral immunity in high dose fed group and no change in stimulation index of lymphocytes in all the groups were observed. On histopathology, dKC 75 showed severe changes in intestine, testis and mesenteric lymph node. Thus, the present process of detoxification of karanj seed cake is useful for feeding growing lambs up to 50% protein replacement levels, with little adverse effect on immunity and pathology.Not Availabl