EFFECT OF PROPOLIS HONEY CANDY CONSUMPTION ON THE ACTIVITY OF LACTOPEROXIDASE IN STIMULATED SALIVA

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of propolis honey candy consumption on lactoperoxidase (LPO) activity in stimulated saliva.Methods: Stimulated saliva samples were collected from subjects before and after propolis honey candy consumption twice a day for 7 days, and theLPO activity was measured by optical density using a microplate reader.Results: The LPO activity before and after propolis honey candy consumption was found to be 0.010 and 0.013, respectively.Conclusions: A statistically significant increase in the LPO activity after propolis honey candy consumption was observed (Wilcoxon test; p <0.05)

EFFECTIVENESS OF A JAVANESE TURMERIC ETHANOL EXTRACT FOR ERADICATING STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS BIOFILMS

Objective: We aimed to determine the effectiveness of an identified Javanese turmeric ethanolic extract (IIJTEE) for eradicating biofilms formed byStreptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, or both.Methods: Such biofilms during different growth phases were exposed to various concentrations of an IJTEE to determine its effects on bacterialproliferation.Results: The effectiveness of the IJTEE in eradicating the S. mutans biofilm was concentration-dependent but not when used to treat P. gingivalis andS. mutans - P. gingivalis biofilms.Conclusion: The effectiveness of the IJTEE for eradicating biofilms formed by S. mutans, P. gingivalis, and S. mutans plus P. gingivalis biofilms dependedon the growth phase of the biofilm. Thus, IJTEE eradicated biofilms formed by S. mutans, P. gingivalis, or both

EFFECT OF AMMONIUM HEXAFLUOROSILICATE ON INHIBITING GROWTH OF VEILLONELLA PARVULA

Objectives: This study analyzes the effects of ammonium hexafluorosilicate (AHF) on Veillonella parvula.Methods: In this in vitro study, solutions of NaF (25%, 50%, and 100%), AHF (25%, 50%, and 100%), and SDF (38%) were applied to solid mediumcultures of V. parvula and Streptococcus mutans. The disc diffusion method was used for testing bacterial sensitivity.Results: AHF was less effective than SDF but more effective than NaF for inhibiting growth of bacteria.Conclusions: AHF could be effective for inhibiting the growth of V. parvula without the side effects of SDF

EFFECTIVENESS OF IDENTIFIED JAVANESE TURMERIC ETHANOL EXTRACT FOR THE INHIBITION OF BIOFILM FORMATION BY STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS

Objective: To study the effectiveness of identified Javanese turmeric ethanol extract (IJTEE) against single and combined biofilm formation byStreptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.Methods: S. mutans ATCC 25175 and P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 were tested for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidalconcentration (MBC) of IJTEE using microdilution technique. The inhibition of biofilm formation by IJTEE was analyzed using crystal violet assay.Results: MIC and MBC of IJTEE for S. mutans were 5% and 15%, respectively. MIC of IJTEE for the biofilm of S. mutans was 1% and for that ofP. gingivalis was 15%; the MIC of IJTEE for the combined biofilm was 0.5%.Conclusion: IJTEE was effective in inhibiting single and combined biofilm formation by S. mutans and P. gingivalis

EFFECTIVENESS OF SILVER DIAMINE FLUORIDE AND PROPOLIS FLUORIDE VARNISH APPLICATION ON DENTIN WITHIN 60 DAYS

Objective: This study sought to analyze the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and propolis fluoride (PPF) varnish application on dentinwithin 60 days.Methods: We divided 60 blocks (4 mm × 4 mm × 2 mm) of human permanent teeth dentin specimens into six time-based groups: 0 days, 1 day, 7 days,14 days, 30 days, and 60 days. We then applied 20 μL SDF and PPF varnish to the specimens’ occlusal surfaces. For the fluoride test, all specimenswere submerged in deionized water, while for the flavonoid test, specimens were submerged in a solution of 20% ethanol. In the treatment group,specimens were shaken for 30 min at 45 rpm (every day) for 0–60 days, depending on group assignment. An ion selective electrode was used tomeasure fluoride ions and a spectrophotometer with 425 nm wavelength absorbance measured flavonoid absorbance. Dentin microhardness wasmeasured for 30 and 60 days sample using the Vickers microhardness tester.Results: There was an increase in fluoride ion concentration after SDF and PPF application to the dentin samples, while SDF released more fluorideions than PPF. Increased flavonoid absorbance was observed after PPF application. Dentine microhardness increased after SDF and PPF application.Conclusion: SDF and PPF application on dentin is effective within 60 days

THE EFFECT OF MOUTHWASH COMBINATION OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN-Y ANTI-COMD STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND CHITOSAN ON THE FORMATION OF STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS BIOFILM

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) antibodies as a dental caries vaccine by utilizingIgY specific to the quorum-sensing signaling receptor ComD of Streptococcus mutans combined with chitosan in the form of mouthwash.Methods: The effects of a mouthwash containing IgY anti-ComD S. mutans with and without chitosan on biofilm-forming isolates of S. mutans wereinvestigated. Subjects were assigned to rinsing twice daily for 6 days with 15–20 ml mouthwash solution for 30 s. Biofilm formation of S mutansisolated from the patiens was measured using a crystal violet method to determine the optical density at 490 nm.Results: The results indicated that mouthwash containing IgY anti-ComD S. mutans and chitosan significantly enhanced the biofilm formation ofS. mutans. In mouthwash containing IgY anti-ComD S. mutans without chitosan, a reduction in biofilm formation was observed; however, this was notstatistically significant.Conclusions: The mouthwash combination of IgY anti-ComD S. mutans and chitosan enhanced the biofilm formation ability of S. mutans isolated fromcaries and caries-free subjects. Further, research is needed to determine the appropriate concentrations of IgY anti-ComD S. mutans and chitosanrequired to effectively inhibit dental caries