517 research outputs found
Connection between horizons and algebraic type
We study connections between both event and quasilocal horizons and the
algebraic type of the Weyl tensor. The relation regarding spacelike future
outer trapping horizon is analysed in four dimensions using double-null
foliation.Comment: 4 pages, to appear in Proceedings of Spanish relativity meeting 201
Generalized inverse mean curvature flows in spacetime
Motivated by the conjectured Penrose inequality and by the work of Hawking,
Geroch, Huisken and Ilmanen in the null and the Riemannian case, we examine
necessary conditions on flows of two-surfaces in spacetime under which the
Hawking quasilocal mass is monotone. We focus on a subclass of such flows which
we call uniformly expanding, which can be considered for null as well as for
spacelike directions. In the null case, local existence of the flow is
guaranteed. In the spacelike case, the uniformly expanding condition leaves a
1-parameter freedom, but for the whole family, the embedding functions satisfy
a forward-backward parabolic system for which local existence does not hold in
general. Nevertheless, we have obtained a generalization of the weak
(distributional) formulation of this class of flows, generalizing the
corresponding step of Huisken and Ilmanen's proof of the Riemannian Penrose
inequality.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figur
Entropy in the RST Model
The RST Model is given boundary term and Z-field so that it is well-posed and
local. The Euclidean method is described for general theory and used to
calculate the RST intrinsic entropy. The evolution of this entropy for the
shockwave solutions is found and obeys a second law.Comment: 10 pages, minor revisions, published version in Late
A quantum cosmology and discontinuous signature changing classical solutions
We revisit the classical and quantum cosmology of a universe in which a self
interacting scalar field is coupled to gravity with a flat FRW type metric
undergoing continuous signature transition. We arrange for quantum
cosmologically allowed discontinuity in the classical solutions at the
signature changing hypersurface, provided these solutions be dual in some
respects. This may be of some importance in the study of early universe within
the signature changing scenarios.Comment: 11 pages, Latex, title and abstract changed, some cghanges in the
text, to appear in GR
Do we know the mass of a black hole? Mass of some cosmological black hole models
Using a cosmological black hole model proposed recently, we have calculated
the quasi-local mass of a collapsing structure within a cosmological setting
due to different definitions put forward in the last decades to see how similar
or different they are. It has been shown that the mass within the horizon
follows the familiar Brown-York behavior. It increases, however, outside the
horizon again after a short decrease, in contrast to the Schwarzschild case.
Further away, near the void, outside the collapsed region, and where the
density reaches the background minimum, all the mass definitions roughly
coincide. They differ, however, substantially far from it. Generically, we are
faced with three different Brown-York mass maxima: near the horizon, around the
void between the overdensity region and the background, and another at
cosmological distances corresponding to the cosmological horizon. While the
latter two maxima are always present, the horizon mass maxima is absent before
the onset of the central singularity.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, revised version, accepted in General Relativity
and Gravitatio
Thermodynamics of charged and rotating black strings
We study thermodynamics of cylindrically symmetric black holes. Uncharged as
well as charged and rotating objects have been discussed. We derive surface
gravity and hence the Hawking temperature and entropy for all these cases. We
correct some results in the literature and present new ones. It is seen that
thermodynamically these black configurations behave differently from
spherically symmetric objects
Failure of Standard Conservation Laws at a Classical Change of Signature
The Divergence Theorem as usually stated cannot be applied across a change of
signature unless it is re-expressed to allow for a finite source term on the
signature change surface. Consequently all conservation laws must also be
`modified', and therefore insistence on conservation of matter across such a
surface cannot be physically justified. The Darmois junction conditions
normally ensure conservation of matter via Israel's identities for the jump in
the energy-momentum density, but not when the signature changes. Modified
identities are derived for this jump when a signature change occurs, and the
resulting surface effects in the conservation laws are calculated. In general,
physical vector fields experience a jump in at least one component, and a
source term may therefore appear in the corresponding conservation law. Thus
current is also not conserved. These surface effects are a consequence of the
change in the character of physical law. The only way to recover standard
conservation laws is to impose restrictions that no realistic cosmological
model can satisfy.Comment: 15pp, figures available on request from Charles Hellaby at
[email protected]
A Proof of the Generalized Second Law for Two-Dimensional Black Holes
We investigate the generalized second law for two-dimensional black holes in
equilibrium (Hartle-Hawking) and nonequilibrium (Unruh) with the heat bath
surrounding the black holes. We obtain a simple expression for the change of
total entropy in terms of covariant thermodynamic variables, which is valid not
only for the Hartle-Hawking state but also for the Unruh state up to leading
order, without assuming a quasi-stationary evolution of the black holes. Using
this expression, it is shown that the rate of local entropy production is
non-negative in the two-dimensional black hole systems.Comment: 15 pages, boundary condition of static black hole is added to clarify
the situation, abstract and section 4 (concluding remarks) is rewritten, and
minor corrections, references adde
Linking the trans-Planckian and the information loss problems in black hole physics
The trans-Planckian and information loss problems are usually discussed in
the literature as separate issues concerning the nature of Hawking radiation.
Here we instead argue that they are intimately linked, and can be understood as
"two sides of the same coin" once it is accepted that general relativity is an
effective field theory.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. Replaced with the version to be published in
General Relativity and Gravitatio
Thermodynamics Inducing Massive Particles' Tunneling and Cosmic Censorship
By calculating the change of entropy, we prove that the first law of black
hole thermodynamics leads to the tunneling probability of massive particles
through the horizon, including the tunneling probability of massive charged
particles from the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole and the Kerr-Newman black
hole. Novelly, we find the trajectories of massive particles are close to that
of massless particles near the horizon, although the trajectories of massive
charged particles may be affected by electromagnetic forces. We show that
Hawking radiation as massive particles tunneling does not lead to violation of
the weak cosmic-censorship conjecture
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