TEACHING SPEAKING USING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT (A Case Study at Eighth Grade of SMP Sebelas Maret, Pabuaran)

This study was conducted to know how the process of teaching speaking using descriptive text implemented in junior high school, There were some steps done in the process of teaching speaking: by doing observation, using materials, doing activities, and finding the results in using descriptive texts in teaching speaking at eight class of SMP Sebelas maret Pabuaran, this study use qualitative methods in conducting this research. Data is obtained from observations in the learning process, interviewing teachers and providing a list of questions to the students. During the process of learning to speak by using descriptive texts, students have responded well and they really enjoyed each process through the teaching speaking using descriptive text. It concluded that using descriptive texts can be applied in the teaching speaking junior high school. It can be useful to improve the courage and self-confidenced in speaking English.           Keywords. Speaking, descriptive, learning, result

TEACHING ENGLISH BASIC SKILLS TO KINDERGARTEN STUDENTS USING TPR: A QUANTITATIVE STUDY IN DOCTO RABBIT KINDERGARTEN, TELAGA GOLF SAWANGAN, DEPOK

The goal of this study is to find out the effectiveness of using Total Physical Method in teaching English Basic Skills for kindergarten students, especially in Docto Rabbit Kindergarten School, Telaga Golf, Sawangan, Depok. The method used is quantitative method and to analyze the data, SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Scientist) 16 regarding T-Test is used.  The finding of this study is the fact that using Total Physical Response method is effective in teaching English basic skills for young learners because it suit with their characters. TPR method, developed by Dr. James Asher tries to introduce some language skills in an action in which a teacher serves three roles: an order taker, a model provider, and an action monitor in which learners serve as models and action performers until they feel ready to speak out and enjoy studying English. Key words: young learners, total physical response (TPR), English Basic Skill

SOSIALISASI PEMANFAATAN ENERGI MATAHARI KEPADA PARA SISWA DI SMK ISLAM INSAN MULIA PAGEDANGAN TANGERANG BANTEN

Energi matahari merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan. Kajian mengenai pemanfaatan energi matahari sangat menarik untuk terus dikembangkan. Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan tentang teknologi pemanfaatan energi matahari menjadi hal yang sangat menarik untuk diedukasikan. Apalagi jika pengenalan energi terbarukan ini dikenalkan di kalangan  generasi muda khususnya para siswa SMK. Energi terbarukan  akan menjadi suatu daya tarik tersendiri jika pengenalannya dilakukan dengan cara yang menyenangkan. Mulai dari pengenalan dalam sisi teori, konsep, sampai percobaan secara langsung. Kegiatan PKM dilaksanakan di SMKI Insan Mulia Pagedangan Kabupaten Tangerang Propinsi Banten. PKM dilakukan oleh satu tim dosen Prodi Teknik Mesin UNPAM. Dalam PKM ini diharapkan siswa-siswa SMK mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan energi terbarukan dari matahari. Selain itu, PKM ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan motivasi kepada para siswa SMK untuk lebih bersemangat dalam mempelajari teknologi tepat guna dibidang energi terbarukan. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat secara umum berjalan dengan lancar. Para peserta yang merupakan para siswa SMKI Insan Mulia antusias dalam menyimak penjelasan materi yang disampaikan secara interaktif dua arah. Peserta mengikuti presentasi dan diskusi dari awal sampai penutupan kegiatan

Human intestinal anion exchanger isoforms: expression, distribution, and membrane localization

AbstractA family of anion exchangers (AEs) including AE1, AE2 and AE3 has been described. AE3 gene has been shown to encode two alternatively spliced isoforms termed as bAE3 (brain subtype) and cAE3 (cardiac subtype). The identity of the AE(s) involved in the human intestinal NaCl absorption is not fully understood. Current studies were undertaken to identify the AE isoforms expressed in the human intestine, to define their regional and vertical axis (crypt vs. surface cells) distribution, and to elucidate their membrane localization in the epithelial cells along the entire length of the human intestine. Our studies utilizing reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with total RNA extracted from pinch biopsies from various regions of the human intestine demonstrate that AE2 and bAE3 but not AE1 or cAE3 were expressed in all the regions of the human intestine. Utilizing in situ RT-PCR, we demonstrated that the message of AE2 was expressed throughout the vertical surface–crypt axis of the colon. Our Western blotting studies demonstrated that AE2 and bAE3 are localized to the basolateral but not the apical membranes of the intestinal epithelial cells from the human ileum and colon. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that in the human intestine, AE2 and bAE3, but not AE1 or cAE3, are expressed throughout the tract with the highest expression in the colon compared to the ileum and jejunum. Both the isoforms were found to be localized to the basolateral but not the apical membranes of the epithelial cells. We speculate that, in the human intestine, AE2 and bAE3 may be the ‘housekeeping’ isoforms, and the apical AE, the potential candidate for chloride absorption, remains to be identified

Analytical solutions for wall slip effects on magnetohydrodynamic oscillatory rotating plate and channel flows in porous media using a fractional burgers viscoelastic model

A theoretical analysis of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) incompressible flows of Burger's fluid through a porous medium in a rotating frame of reference is presented. The constitutive model of a Burger's fluid is used based on a fractional calculus formulation. Hydrodynamic slip at the wall (plate) is incorporated and a fractional generalized Darcy model deployed to simulate porous medium drag force effects. Three different cases are considered- namely, flow induced by a general periodic oscillation at a rigid plate, periodic flow in a parallel plate channel and finally Poiseuille flow. In all cases the plate (s) boundary (ies) are electrically-non-conducting and small magnetic Reynolds is assumed, negating magnetic induction effects. The well-posed boundary value problems associated with each case are solved via Fourier transforms. Comparisons are made between the results derived with and without slip conditions. 4 special cases are retrieved from the general fractional Burgers model, viz Newtonian fluid, general Maxwell viscoelastic fluid, generalized Oldroyd-B fluid and the conventional Burger’s viscoelastic model. Extensive interpretation of graphical plots is included. We study explicitly the influence on wall slip on primary and secondary velocity evolution. The model is relevant to MHD rotating energy generators employing rheological working fluids

Programmed delivery of verapamil hydrochloride from tablet in a capsule device

The aim of the present work was to develop a programmed drug delivery system which would be able to release the drug after 6 h of lag time by use of hydrophilic polymers. The capsule body was made impermeable by use of formaldehyde vapor treatment, while the cap was untreated. The capsule was filled with two layered tablets (tablet-in-capsule), followed by a sodium bicarbonate:citric acid mixture (SBCM) and lactose as bulking agent. Sodium alginate, chitosan, HPMC K15 and chitosan:sodium alginate complex (CSAC) were used as the rate modulating layer. Through combined use of HPMC K15 and adjusting the ratio of CSAC, the desired lag time of 6 h was obtained. The effect of the bulking agents on the lag time were also studied and it was found that the lag time was decreased with higher amounts of lactose, and delayed dissolution and decreased lag time was observed at higher amount of effervescent mixture.O objetivo do presente trabalho foi desenvolver sistema de liberação programada de cloridrato de verapamil capaz de liberação imediata do fármaco após 6 h de intervalo de tempo usando polímeros hidrofílicos. O corpo da cápsula foi impermeabilizado por tratamento de vapor de formaldeído, enquanto a tampa não foi submetida ao tratamento. Dois comprimidos foram inseridos na cápsula (comprimidos em cápsula) seguido de mistura de bicarbonato de sódio: ácido cítrico e lactose, utilizados como excipientes. O alginato de sódio, a quitosana, o HPMC K15 e o complexo quitosana:alginato de sódio foram utilizados para modular a razão de liberação do fármaco. A combinação entre o HPMC K15 e o ajuste da proporção do complexo quitosana:alginato de sódio permitiu a liberação do fármaco após 6 h. O efeito dos excipientes na liberação do fármaco foi também avaliado. Verificou-se que o tempo de latência foi reduzido na presença de maior quantidade de lactose, enquanto o menor tempo foi observado empregando maior concentração da mistura efervescente

Epstein-Barr virus: clinical and epidemiological revisits and genetic basis of oncogenesis

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is classified as a member in the order herpesvirales, family herpesviridae, subfamily gammaherpesvirinae and the genus lymphocytovirus. The virus is an exclusively human pathogen and thus also termed as human herpesvirus 4 (HHV4). It was the first oncogenic virus recognized and has been incriminated in the causation of tumors of both lymphatic and epithelial nature. It was reported in some previous studies that 95% of the population worldwide are serologically positive to the virus. Clinically, EBV primary infection is almost silent, persisting as a life-long asymptomatic latent infection in B cells although it may be responsible for a transient clinical syndrome called infectious mononucleosis. Following reactivation of the virus from latency due to immunocompromised status, EBV was found to be associated with several tumors. EBV linked to oncogenesis as detected in lymphoid tumors such as Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), Hodgkin's disease (HD), post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) and T-cell lymphomas (e.g. Peripheral T-cell lymphomas; PTCL and Anaplastic large cell lymphomas; ALCL). It is also linked to epithelial tumors such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), gastric carcinomas and oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL). In vitro, EBV many studies have demonstrated its ability to transform B cells into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Despite these malignancies showing different clinical and epidemiological patterns when studied, genetic studies have suggested that these EBV- associated transformations were characterized generally by low level of virus gene expression with only the latent virus proteins (LVPs) upregulated in both tumors and LCLs. In this review, we summarize some clinical and epidemiological features of EBV- associated tumors. We also discuss how EBV latent genes may lead to oncogenesis in the different clinical malignancie