A trans-acting locus regulates an anti-viral expression network and type 1 diabetes risk

Combined analyses of gene networks and DNA sequence variation can provide new insights into the aetiology of common diseases that may not be apparent from genome-wide association studies alone. Recent advances in rat genomics are facilitating systems-genetics approaches. Here we report the use of integrated genome-wide approaches across seven rat tissues to identify gene networks and the loci underlying their regulation. We defined an interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7)-driven inflammatory network (IDIN) enriched for viral response genes, which represents a molecular biomarker for macrophages and which was regulated in multiple tissues by a locus on rat chromosome 15q25. We show that Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 2 (Ebi2, also known as Gpr183), which lies at this locus and controls B lymphocyte migration, is expressed in macrophages and regulates the IDIN. The human orthologous locus on chromosome 13q32 controlled the human equivalent of the IDIN, which was conserved in monocytes. IDIN genes were more likely to associate with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D)-a macrophage-associated autoimmune disease-than randomly selected immune response genes (P = 8.85 x 10(-6)). The human locus controlling the IDIN was associated with the risk of T1D at single nucleotide polymorphism rs9585056 (P = 7.0 x 10(-10); odds ratio, 1.15), which was one of five single nucleotide polymorphisms in this region associated with EBI2 (GPR183) expression. These data implicate IRF7 network genes and their regulatory locus in the pathogenesis of T1D

Static and dynamic numerical simulations of a generic UCAV configuration with and without control devices

A contribution for the assessment of the static and dynamic aerodynamic behavior of a generic UCAV configuration with control devices using CFD methods is given. For the CFD simulations the unstructured grid based DLR TAU-Code and the structured grid based NLR solver ENSOLV are used. The numerical methods are verified by experimental wind tunnel data. The current investigations should provide a contribution to assess the prediction capability of control device effectiveness using CFD methods. The presented computational results for the assessment will be validated by dedicated experimental data. Furthermore, it should support the understanding of the flow physics around the trailing edge control devices of highly swept configurations with a vortex dominated flow field. Design requirements should be able draw by analyzing the interaction between the vortical flow and the control devices. The present work is part of the NATO STO/AVT Task Group AVT-201 on Stability and Control prediction method

Control Device Studies for Yaw Control without Vertical Tail Plane on a 53° Swept Flying Wing Configuration

The present investigations cover studies of different control devices on a 53° swept flying wing configuration without vertical tail plane. For the numerical simulations the RANS solver DLR-TAU was used to analyze the influences on the aerodynamic characteristics of the different control device concepts. The boundary conditions of the control devices result from the flight dynamic requirements which have been worked out in the NATO STO/AVT-251 Task Group. The challenge of the present work is to provide yaw control with a sufficient yawing moment with almost no contribution in rolling and pitching moment. To identify such concepts, a number of preliminary experiments on a generic flying wing configuration have been conducted. After that, three different concepts were numerically examined in the present study. Concepts with spoilers, a wingtip flap and a split flap were analyzed. For medium to high angle of attack the flow topology is dominated by a vortical flow field on the upper outer wing. This leads to a control device vortex interaction which influences the flow and the attitude of the control device on the upper wing side. The effects of the interaction are different for each type of control device shown in this work. Therefore, a detailed consideration of different control devices and their influences on the entire system is of crucial importanc

Some properties of the intestinal proteases of the rabbitfish, Siganus canaliculatus (Park)

10.1007/BF00004312Fish Physiology and Biochemistry143215-221FPBI