Not Available

Not AvailableNot AvailableICAR-CSSR

Not Available

Not AvailableYellow vein mosaic disease (YVMD), which is caused by association of many distinctive mono and bipartite begomoviruses and their satellites is the most devastating disease of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] affecting both pod yield and quality. Since it is very difficult to control the disease properly by chemical means, the only practical remedy of this problem is to develop tolerant/resistant varieties. A lot of work has been done to determine the inheritance of resistance to YVMV in okra and to identify different sources of resistance. For better utilization and improvement of current okra genetic resources, there is a need to understand and appreciate the studies related to resistance source in wild and cultivated species, associated viruses, virus-vector relationship, hot-spots for virus, favourable conditions for disease development, screening methods and breeding strategies. In this review, efforts were made to elucidate the genetics of resistance to YVMV in okra and also to provide complete information regarding sources of resistance.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableA field experiment was conducted during 2003-2005 in an Alfisol at Umiam, Meghalaya, to study the effect of type of organic manure and compost teas on growth, yield and quality of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) in comparison to inorganic fertilizer (control). Highest rhizome yield (24.93 tonnes/ha) was obtained from poultry manure + CT2 which was significantly higher than other treatments (24.25 tonnes/ha) except poultry manure. Use of organic manure and compost teas in some cases enhanced quality and reduced input cost. Application of organic materials reduced soil acidity and improved organic matter and available nutrients of the soil.Not Availabl

Antioxidant phytochemicals and gingerol content in diploid and tetraploid clones of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)

Fresh rhizomes of 18 diploid and tetraploid genotypes of Indian ginger, including commercial cultivars and experimental genotypes, were assayed for gingerol content and antioxidant activity. The tetraploid ginger type was derived from the respective diploid ginger by shoot tip culture. [6]-Gingerol was identified as the major pungent phenolic compound in all samples (mean 1354.78 470 mg/g), while [8]- (mean 180.94 45 mg/g) and [10]-gingerol (mean 234 79 mg/g) occurred in lower concentrations. The total gingerol content of the tetraploid type was much higher than that of the respective diploid type and especially the [10]-gingerol. Both diploid and tetraploid types of the cv. Meghalaya Local contained the highest level of gingerol. At both ploidy levels, the genotypes showed significant differences in phenols and antioxidant activities. Correlation of total phenolics with different antioxidant assay at both diploid and tetraploid level was linear and strong to moderate. For genotypes at both ploidy levels, antioxidant activity (BCO) was determined especially by [6]-gingerol while [8]- and [10]-gingerol did not affect BCO. These results demonstrated that in the tetraploid types of ginger, the gingerol content and antioxidant activity were higher than in the diploid ones

Not Available

Not AvailableStrawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.) is rich source of dietary antioxidants, minerals and nutrients. Dietary antioxidants have been known as beneficial for enhancing the fitness, preventing certain diseases and even mitigating the effects of ageing. The objectives of the present study were to determine variability and inheritance of antioxidants, to identify antioxidant rich and productive genotypes, and to suggest suitable breeding approaches. The genotypes, namely Ofra, Chandler, Festival and Camarosa showed higher concentrations of dietary antioxidants and therefore could be useful in future breeding. Results indicate that the effect of the genotypes on antioxidant contents is stronger than that of the environment. The high heritability (>80%) and low genetic advance as percentage of mean (<40%) for ascorbic acid and -carotene contents could be improved by heterosis breeding. However, selection and hybridization would be effective tools to enhance the phenols and anthocyanin content, and yield potential as these traits showed high heritability (>80%) and high genetic advance as percentage of mean (>40%). Positive direct effect on fruit yield was highest for phenol content (0.609) which is also fairly close to its correlation coefficient (0.765) indicating that a direct selection based on phenol content would be most effective and that the phenol content could be used as a reliable biochemical marker to identify the productive genotypes having higher amounts of dietary antioxidants. The information could also be used for developing antioxidant rich cultivars, i.e. ‘Breeding Strawberry for High Antioxidants’.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableThis study reports the development of a garden pea genotype `VRPM±901±5' producing five flowers per peduncle at multiple flowering nodes, by using single plant selection approach from a cross `VL-8 × PC-531'. In addition, five other stable genetic stocks, namely VRPM-501, VRPM±502, VRPM±503, VRPM±901±3 and VRPSeL±1 producing three flowers per peduncle at multiple flowering nodes were also developed. All these unique genotypes were of either mid- or late- maturity groups. Furthermore, these multi-flowering genotypes were identified during later generations (F4 onward), which might be because of fixation of certain QTLs or recessive gene combinations. Surprisingly, a common parent PC±531, imparting multi-flowering trait in ten cross combinations was identified. Thus, the genotype PC±531 seems to harbor some recessive gene(s) or QTLs that in certain combination( s) express the multi-flowering trait. The interaction between genotype and environment showed that temperature (11±20ÊC) plays a key role in expression of the multiflowering trait besides genetic background. Furthermore, the possible relationship between various multi-flowering regulatory genes such as FN, FNA, NEPTUNE, SN, DNE, HR and environmental factors was also explored, and a comprehensive model explaining the multiflowering trait in garden pea is proposed.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableStrawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.) is rich source of dietary antioxidants, minerals and nutrients. Dietary antioxidants have been known as beneficial for enhancing the fitness, preventing certain diseases and even mitigating the effects of ageing. The objectives of the present study were to determine variability and inheritance of antioxidants, to identify antioxidant rich and productive genotypes, and to suggest suitable breeding approaches. The genotypes, namely Ofra, Chandler, Festival and Camarosa showed higher concentrations of dietary antioxidants and therefore could be useful in future breeding. Results indicate that the effect of the genotypes on antioxidant contents is stronger than that of the environment. The high heritability (>80%) and low genetic advance as percentage of mean (<40%) for ascorbic acid and -carotene contents could be improved by heterosis breeding. However, selection and hybridization would be effective tools to enhance the phenols and anthocyanin content, and yield potential as these traits showed high heritability (>80%) and high genetic advance as percentage of mean (>40%). Positive direct effect on fruit yield was highest for phenol content (0.609) which is also fairly close to its correlation coefficient (0.765) indicating that a direct selection based on phenol content would be most effective and that the phenol content could be used as a reliable biochemical marker to identify the productive genotypes having higher amounts of dietary antioxidants. The information could also be used for developing antioxidant rich cultivars, i.e. ‘Breeding Strawberry for High Antioxidants’.Not Availabl

Souvenir 5th National Seminar Climate Resilient Saline Agriculture: Sustaining Livelihood Security 21-23 January 2017

Indian Council of Agricultural Researc

Not Available

Not AvailableTen okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) plants showing distinct yellow vein mosaic disease (YVMD) symptoms were collected from different fields in Karnataka State, India. The genomic DNA of the isolated viruses was amplified, cloned, and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed that the DNA-A-like sequences of all ten isolates were identical. Sequence analysis of a representative virus isolate (OYSK2) with other begomovirus sequences available in GenBank showed ≥90% sequence identity with Bhendi yellow vein Maharashtra virus (BYVMaV; EU482411) and ≤89% homology with full-length Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV) infecting okra on the Indian subcontinent. These results suggested that a new strain of BYVMaV was present in all ten samples collected from the field. A source of resistance to BYVMaV and naturally present virus isolates causing YVMD was identified by screening okra genotypes under artificial and natural inoculation conditions, respectively. None of the genotypes tested showed complete immunity to BYVMaV. However, the okra genotypes ‘Tulasi’ and ‘Trisha’ were only moderately susceptible under glasshouse and field conditions. The new begomovirus strain could be detected by dot-blot hybridisation using a non-radioactive DNA probe in the virus samples collected from both symptomless and symptomatic okra plants.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableTwenty four Okra genotypes were evaluated for marketable fruit yield and its related traits for genotype environment interaction during 2015-16 and 2016-17. The genotypes were exposed to alkaline environment with a pH range of 8.0±0.2, 8.5±0.2, 9.0±0.2 and 9.5±0.2. A significant level of deviation in expression of different traits was observed in all the genotypes with increasing pH. Based on Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), Genotype and Genotype Environment Interaction (GGE) biplot, Wrick’s ecovalence (Wi2 ), AMMI Stability Value (ASV) and Yield Stability Index (YSi) stable genotypes with high fruit yield were identified over the eight environments. The combined AMMI analysis of variance indicated that genotype main effect, environment and genotype-by-environment interaction effects showed variation of 19.83%, 63.07% and 17.10%, respectively for fruit yield. On the basis of different stability measures, VRO-112, VRO-110, Kashi Kranti, VROB 178, AE-70 and VRO-108 were differentiated as high yielding and stable genotypes over the tested environments. This study will be helpful for selecting alkali tolerant okra parents for further breeding programme and recommending the suitable genotypes for alkalinity prone area.Not Availabl