Exploring the Causes of Low Immunization Status in School Going Children

Background: Although a definitive immunization program has been advocated for children in our country, the immunization coverage is far from satisfactory. There is paucity of survey studies related to immunization pattern. Objective: This study has been undertaken to explore the social and attitudinal factors with parents resulting into adverse immunization. Material and Methods: The study was school based cross-sectional study conducted in 50 schools of Indore district selected by random sampling from three groups. Information was collected from parents by providing pre-tested questionnaire. Result: Association of parent’s literacy and socioeconomic status with successful immunization could be established. Overall coverage rate with vaccines was poor in school going girls as compared to the boys; proving thereby that gender discrimination exists putting girls in disadvantageous position. Conclusion: It can be expected that the immunization status of school children will improve if identified risk factors such as parental education, socioeconomic status, awareness status are improved and attitudinal gender discrimination is curbed

Convulsions in early post-partum period, a diagnostic dilemma

Neurocysticercosis is the most common helminthic (tapeworm) infection of the brain worldwide. It presents as hydrocephalus and acute onset seizures. A 28-year-old para 3 live 3 [P3L3], post-partum [day 7], resident of Arvi, presented in casualty during emergency hours with headache and fever since 7 days. She presented with h/o convulsions 2 episodes, one on day 5 and one on day 7 of her full term vaginal home delivery. She presented to the Emergency Department on day 7 with generalised tonic-clonic seizures preceded by nausea and headache. All her blood investigations were within normal limits except an extremely surprising finding on CT scan. 40% of patients having postpartum convulsions do not experience preeclampsia, clinical awareness is essential for early treatment and care

Generation of a constitutively expressing Tetracycline repressor (TetR) human embryonic stem cell line BJNhem20-TetR

AbstractHuman embryonic stem cell line BJNhem20-TetR was generated using non-viral method. The construct pCAG-TetRnls was transfected using microporation procedure. BJNhem20-TetR can subsequently be transfected with any vector harbouring a TetO (Tet operator) sequence to generate doxycycline based inducible line. For example, in human embryonic stem cells, the pSuperior based TetO system has been transfected into a TetR containing line to generate OCT4 knockdown cell line (Zafarana et al., 2009). Thus BJNhem20-TetR can be used as a tool to perturb gene expression in human embryonic stem cells

Successful maternal and fetal outcome of Guillain-Barre syndrome complicating pregnancy: a case report

Guillain-Barré syndrome rarely complicates pregnancy, incidence being 2/100000 population. We report a case of 23-year-old 2nd gravida who developed a progressive ascending paralysis during the second trimester of pregnancy. The worsening of the respiratory insufficiency required transfer to an intensive care unit but did not require artificial ventilation. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed albumin-cytological dissociation and repeated electrophysiological studies showed typical features of demyelinating neuropathy with conduction blocks. Biological investigations, especially CMV and campylobacter jejuni serologies, were all negative. Intravenous immunoglobulin infusions resulted in rapid improvement in the patient. This case raises the question of the relationship between the Guillain-Barré syndrome and pregnancy. The occurrence of the disease, as well as the rapid recovery in antenatal period could be consecutive to a partial failure of the maternal immunological tolerance toward the fetus

Design and its Verification of Belt Conveyor System used for Cooling of Mould using Belt Comp Software

Belt conveyor is the transportation of material from one location to another. Belt conveyor has high load carrying capacity, large length of conveying path, simple design, easy maintenance and high reliability of operation. Belt conveyor system is also used in material transport in foundry shop like supply and distribution of molding sand, molds and removal of waste. In this paper the study is carried out on DISA pattern moulding machine to meet the requirement of higher weight castings. The DISA machine is having the capacity of 100 moulds per hour. The mould size and density of material is given parameters. The present discussion aims to design the conveyor system used for cooling of mold, which includes speed, motor selection, belt specification, shaft diameter, pulley, idler spacing, gear box selection, with the help of standard practice and these results are verified with the belt comp software

Role of micronised progesterone in maintenance therapy following arrested preterm labor: a randomised controlled trial

Background: The aims and objectives of this study were to determine whether maintenance tocolytic therapy with micronised progesterone (400 mg) in patients with arrested preterm labor, prolongs the latency period of gestation and to see the effect of prolonged latency period on fetal outcome in terms of birth weight and NICU admissions and maternal outcome in terms of prolongation to term gestation.Methods: Pregnant women who were arrested with acute tocolysis as evidenced by a 12 hour contraction free period were randomized into study and control groups. The study group received 400 mg of vaginal micronized progesterone daily, while the control group did not receive any drug. The patients were followed up till 37 completed weeks. Prolongation of pregnancy upto term and birth wt. and NICU admissions were noted.Results: 1) In the present study the mean period of gestation at delivery was significantly high in study group 37.51 ± 2.70 weeks as compared to that in control group 35.15 ± 2.72 weeks. This was statistically significant at 95% confidence interval by using student’s t statistics. 2) In the present study, 42.00% babies in study group had birth weight more than 2.5 kg which was significantly higher than that in control group, in which 24.00% had birth weight more than 2.5 kg.Conclusions: We conclude that, maintenance tocolytic therapy with micronised progesterone (400 mg) up-to 37 weeks of gestation in patients with arrested preterm labor significantly prolongs the latency period and results in better perinatal outcome.

Aqueous Behaviour of Chitosan

Chitosan, a versatile biopolymer, finds numerous applications in textile processing unit operations such as preparation, dyeing, printing, and finishing. However, the accessibility of this biopolymer by the textile material depends on the viscosity of its solution which in turn is a function of its molecular weight. In this work, therefore, the effect of molecular weight, storage life, presence of electrolyte, and particle size of chitosan on its viscosity was investigated. Chitosan of different molecular weights was synthesized by nitrous acid hydrolysis of parent chitosan solution. The synthesized low molecular weight products were analysed by FTIR spectroscopy. Chitosan of nanoconfiguration was prepared by Ionotropic gelation method and characterized by particle size analyzer. The viscosity of different chitosan solutions was determined using Ubbelohde capillary viscometer. As an extension to this study, the chelation property of chitosan was also evaluated

Generation of transgenic human embryonic stem cell line BJNhem20–OCIAD1-OV

Ovarian Carcinoma Immuno-reactive Antigen domain containing protein 1 (OCIAD1) was overexpressed in BJNhem20 human embryonic stem cell line (hESC) using plasmid transfection, followed by stable cell line generation. The construct pCAG-OCIAD1 was introduced into hESCs by microporation