541 research outputs found
Phase Structure of 2-Flavor Quark Matter: Heterogeneous Superconductors
We analyze the free energy of charge and color neutral 2-flavor quark matter
within the BCS approximation. We consider both the homogeneous gapless
superconducting phase and the heterogeneous mixed phase where normal and BCS
superconducting phases coexist. We calculate the surface tension between normal
and superconducting phases and use it to compare the free energies of the
gapless and mixed phases. Our calculation, which retains only the leading order
gradient contribution to the free energy, indicates that the mixed phase is
energetically favored over an interesting range of densities of relevance to 2
flavor quark matter in neutron stars.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Major Revisions. Includes a detailed discussion
of the kinetic terms of the effective theory, instabilities of the gapless
phase and the charge neutral phase diagra
CFL Phase of High Density QCD at Non Zero Strange Quark Mass
We compute free energy of quark matter at asymptotically high baryon number
density in the presence of non zero strange quark mass including dynamics of
pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons due to chiral symmetry breaking, extending
previously existing analysis based on perturbative expansion in
We demonstrate that the CFL state has lower free
energy than the symmetric CFL state for . We also
calculate the spectrum of the fermionic quasiparticle excitations about the
kaon condensed ground state in the regime and find
that for the CFL-gCFL phase transition, the
leading order result reported in [1], is not modified.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure
The Isoperimetric Profile of a Noncompact Riemannian Manifold for Small Volumes
In the main theorem of this paper we treat the problem of existence of
minimizers of the isoperimetric problem under the assumption of small volumes.
Applications of the main theorem to asymptotic expansions of the isoperimetric
problem are given.Comment: 33 pages, improved version after the referee comments, (Submitted
Evaluating the Gapless Color-Flavor Locked Phase
In neutral cold quark matter that is sufficiently dense that the strange
quark mass M_s is unimportant, all nine quarks (three colors; three flavors)
pair in a color-flavor locked (CFL) pattern, and all fermionic quasiparticles
have a gap. We recently argued that the next phase down in density (as a
function of decreasing quark chemical potential mu or increasing strange quark
mass M_s) is the new ``gapless CFL'' (``gCFL'') phase in which only seven
quasiparticles have a gap, while there are gapless quasiparticles described by
two dispersion relations at three momenta. There is a continuous quantum phase
transition from CFL to gCFL quark matter at M_s^2/mu approximately equal to
2*Delta, with Delta the gap parameter. Gapless CFL, like CFL, leaves unbroken a
linear combination "Q-tilde" of electric and color charges, but it is a
Q-tilde-conductor with gapless Q-tilde-charged quasiparticles and a nonzero
electron density. In this paper, we evaluate the gapless CFL phase, in several
senses. We present the details underlying our earlier work which showed how
this phase arises. We display all nine quasiparticle dispersion relations in
full detail. Using a general pairing ansatz that only neglects effects that are
known to be small, we perform a comparison of the free energies of the gCFL,
CFL, 2SC, gapless 2SC, and 2SCus phases. We conclude that as density drops,
making the CFL phase less favored, the gCFL phase is the next spatially uniform
quark matter phase to occur. A mixed phase made of colored components would
have lower free energy if color were a global symmetry, but in QCD such a mixed
phase is penalized severely.Comment: 18 pages, RevTeX; Version to appear in Phys Rev D. Minor rewording,
references adde
Neutrino emission from compact stars and inhomogeneous color superconductivity
We discuss specific heat and neutrino emissivity due to direct Urca processes
for quark matter in the color superconductive Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell
(LOFF) phase of Quantum-Chromodynamics. We assume that the three light quarks
are in a color and electrically neutral state and interact by a four
fermion Nambu-Jona Lasinio coupling. We study a LOFF state characterized by a
single plane wave for each pairing. From the evaluation of neutrino emissivity
and fermionic specific heat, the cooling rate of simplified models of compact
stars with a quark core in the LOFF state is estimated.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, revtex4 style. Version accepted for publication
in Phys. Rev.
BCS BEC crossover and phase structure of relativistic system: a variational approach
We investigate here the BCS BEC crossover in relativistic systems using a
variational construct for the ground state and the minimization of the
thermodynamic potential. This is first studied in a four fermion point
interaction model and with a BCS type ansatz for the ground state with fermion
pairs. It is shown that the antiparticle degrees of freedom play an important
role in the BCS BEC crossover physics, even when the ratio of fermi momentum to
the mass of the fermion is small. We also consider the phase structure for the
case of fermion pairing with imbalanced populations. Within the ansatz,
thermodynamically stable gapless modes for both fermions and anti fermions are
seen for strong coupling in the BEC regime. We further investigate the effect
of fluctuations of the condensate field by treating it as a dynamical field and
generalize the BCS ansatz to include quanta of the condensate field also in a
boson fermion model with quartic self interaction of the condensate field. It
is seen that the critical temperature decreases with inclusion of fluctuations.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, one more section added, title modified, version
to appear in Phys Rev
On the ground state of gapless two flavor color superconductors
This paper is devoted to the study of some aspects of the instability of two
flavor color superconductive quark matter. We find that, beside color
condensates, the Goldstone boson related to the breaking of suffers of
a velocity instability. We relate this wrong sign problem, which implies the
existence of a Goldstone current in the ground state or of gluonic
condensation, to the negative squared Meissner mass of the gluon in
the g2SC phase. Moreover we investigate the Meissner masses of the gluons and
the squared velocity of the Goldstone in the multiple plane wave LOFF states,
arguing that in such phases both the chromo-magnetic instability and the
velocity instability are most probably removed. We also do not expect Higgs
instability in such multiple plane wave LOFF. The true vacuum of gapless two
flavor superconductors is thus expected to be a multiple plane wave LOFF state.Comment: 16 pages, RevTe3X4 styl
Kaon Condensation in a Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) Model at High Density
We demonstrate a fully self-consistent microscopic realization of a
kaon-condensed colour-flavour locked state (CFLK0) within the context of a
mean-field NJL model at high density. The properties of this state are shown to
be consistent with the QCD low-energy effective theory once the proper gauge
neutrality conditions are satisfied, and a simple matching procedure is used to
compute the pion decay constant, which agrees with the perturbative QCD result.
The NJL model is used to compare the energies of the CFLK0 state to the parity
even CFL state, and to determine locations of the metal/insulator transition to
a phase with gapless fermionic excitations in the presence of a non-zero
hypercharge chemical potential and a non-zero strange quark mass. The
transition points are compared with results derived previously via effective
theories and with partially self-consistent NJL calculations. We find that the
qualitative physics does not change, but that the transitions are slightly
lower.Comment: 21 pages, ReVTeX4. Clarified discussion and minor change
Analytical and numerical evaluation of the Debye and Meissner masses in dense neutral three-flavor quark matter
We calculate the Debye and Meissner masses and investigate chromomagnetic
instability associated with the gapless color superconducting phase changing
the strange quark mass and the temperature . Based on the analytical
study, we develop a computational procedure to derive the screening masses
numerically from curvatures of the thermodynamic potential. When the
temperature is zero, from our numerical results for the Meissner masses, we
find that instability occurs for and gluons entirely in the gapless
color-flavor locked (gCFL) phase, while the Meissner masses are real for ,
, , and until exceeds a certain value that is larger than
the gCFL onset. We then handle mixing between color-diagonal gluons ,
, and photon , and clarify that, among three eigenvalues of the
mass squared matrix, one remains positive, one is always zero because of an
unbroken U(1)_\tilde{Q} symmetry, and one exhibits chromomagnetic instability
in the gCFL region. We also examine the temperature effects that bring
modifications into the Meissner masses. The instability found at large
for , , , and persists at finite into the -quark
color superconducting (uSC) phase which has - and - but no -
quark pairing and also into the two-flavor color superconducting (2SC) phase
characterized by - quark pairing only. The and instability
also goes into the uSC phase, but the 2SC phase has no instability for ,
, and . We map the unstable region for each gluon onto the phase
diagram as a function of and .Comment: 17 pages, 18 figure
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