A Pythagoras Tree Shape Fractal Antenna for Multiband Applications

Given a large graph G = (V, E) with millions of nodes and edges, how do we compute its connected components efficiently? Recent work addresses this problem in map-reduce, where a fundamental trade-off exists between the number of map- reduce rounds and the communication of each round. Denoting d the  diameter  of  the  graph,  and  n  the  number  of  nodes in the largest component, all prior techniques for map-reduce either require a linear, Θ(d), number of rounds, or a quadratic, Θ(n|V | + |E|), communication per round. We propose here two efficient map-reduce algorithms: (i) Hash-Greater-to-Min, which is a randomized algorithm based on PRAM techniques, requiring O(log n) rounds and O(|V | + |E|) communication per round, and (ii) Hash-to-Min, which is a novel algorithm, provably finishing in O(log n) iterations for path graphs. The proof technique used for Hash-to-Min is novel, but not tight, and it is actually faster than Hash-Greater-to- Min in practice. We conjecture that it requires 2 log d rounds and 3(|V | + |E|) communication per  round, as  demonstrated in our experiments. Using secondary sorting, a standard map- reduce feature, we scale Hash-to-Min to graphs with very large connected components. Our techniques for connected components can be applied to clustering as well. We propose a novel algorithm for agglomera- tive single linkage clustering in map-reduce. This is the first map- reduce algorithm for clustering in at most O(log n) rounds, where n is the size of the largest cluster. We show the effectiveness of all our algorithms through detailed experiments on large synthetic as well as real-world dataset

Electrophoretic studies on serum proteins of oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps) and Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta)

Oil sardine blood tests against human typing sera indicated A - positive, A - negative and B - negative. The blood of mackerel is antigenically negative both for A and B. Elect rophoretic studies on serum proteins revealed the existence of genetically different groups of oil sardine and mackerel on the south-west coast of India

Electrophoretic characteristics of oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps) and mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) eye lens proteins

Electrophoresis of eye lens protei ns of oil sardine and mackerel showed separation of proteins into three and four components, indicating the heterogenous nature of the population

Awareness about adverse drug reaction monitoring and pharmacovigilance among final year medical students in tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh: a cross sectional study

Background: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an unwanted, undesirable effect of a drug that occurs during clinical use. ADRs will occur daily in health care institutions and can unfavourably affect a patient's quality of life, frequently causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Pharmacovigilance is defined as the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem.Methods: It was a non-interventional study was done among hundred final year medical students at Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh. The study instrument was a predesigned questionnaire was structured by following the precedence, which was set by parallel studies. The participants were given forty-five minutes to answer the questionnaire; the questionnaires were then analyzed by grading the respondents into three categories: poor, unsatisfactory and satisfactory.Results: This study showed satisfactory results about awareness, knowledge and methods of application of pharmacovigilance among final year medical students 55%, 47%, 54% respectively and positive correlation between awareness, knowledge and methods of application of pharmacovigilance among final year medical students significantly (<0.0001) correlated.Conclusions: The present study revealed that the final year medical students were satisfactory in awareness and knowledge and methods of application of pharmacovigilance. The correlations told that the higher the awareness, the more was the knowledge and better were the methods of application. Likewise, the knowledge and practices were significantly and positively related to a correlation

Evaluation of Fungicides against Leaf Blotch of Turmeric Caused by Taphrina maculans Butler

A field experiment was conducted in the first fortnight of July 2008, 2009 and 2010 at Horticultural Research Station, Jagtial, and in 2010-2011 at Turmeric Research Station, Kammarpally, to evaluate various fungicides against leaf blotch of turmeric. Treatments included the fungicides Propiconazole (0.1%), Hexaconazole (0.1%), Tricyclazole (0.1%) and Carbendazim + Mancozeb (0.1%) for rhizome treatment (dipping) and for foliar spray at 45 and 90 days after planting (DAP); and foliar application alone at 45 and 90 DAP. Among the treatments, rhizome treatment with Carbendazim + Mancozeb (0.1%) gave the best germination (90.52%); Rhizome treatment followed by foliar application of Carbendazim + Mancozeb (0.1%) at 45 and 90 DAP significantly reduced disease incidence of turmeric leaf blotch (16.13%) and enhanced fresh-rhizome yield (18.30t ha-1) compared to other fungicide applications. High cost-benefit ratio was achieved with rhizome treatment, followed by foliar application of Carbendazim + Mancozeb at 45 and 90 DAP (1:1.92)

The Association and Dissociation Tendencies of the Coaxial and Non- Coaxial Components of Shear Strength of Soils to Environment

Soil is rock on its way to ocean. It undergoes many changes during the travel. The important factors which influence the geo-technical behavior of soil are : Grain size and Shape, Gradation, Water, Parent rock materials and Environment. The Geo-technical behavior of fine grains in soil is highly complex than coarse grains. A pure cohesive soil has pure shear or coaxial shear component only. A pure friction soil has Non-coaxial or simple shear component only. Normally a soil sample is a mixture of coarse and fine grains. The shear strength is shared between coaxial and non-coaxial component of the total shear strength of soil. The environment influences the Geo-technical behavior of soil. The coaxial and non-coaxial components of shear strength (coax and non-coax) of soil accepts and adjusts to reach a new equilibrium in stability. In this paper the association and dissociation of coax and non-coax with environmental conditions starting from laboratory and ending in marine environment through examples, illustrations and documented, reliable data available in literature

Comparison of performance parameters of poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) based electrochromic device on glass with and without counter electrode

Conjugated polymers are promising materials for electrochromic device technology. Aqueous dispersions of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-(PEDOT) were spin coated onto transparent conducting oxide (TCO) coated glass substrates. A seven-layer electrochromic device was fabricated with the following configuration: glass/transparent conducting oxide (TCO)/PEDOT (main electrochromic layer)/gel electrolyte/prussian blue (counter electrode)/TCO/glass. The device fabricated with counter electrode (Prussian blue) showed a contrast of 18% and without counter electrode showed visible contrast of 5% at 632 nm at a voltage of 1·9 V. The comparison of the device is done in terms of the colouration efficiency of the devices with and without counter electrode

Histology of the male reproductive system of the prawn Macrobrachium lanchesteri (Crustacea: Decapoda)

The testis of the 'freshwater prawn Macrobrachium Ianchesteri consists of numerous branching lobules, bound by thin limiting membranes. There is very little inter-lobular space with indistinct blood sinuses and the lobules are filled with germ cells in different stages of development. The different regions of the vas deferens of the prawn viz., anterior vas deferens (AVD), mid vas deferens (MVD) and posterior vas deferens (PVO) , indicate structural variations reflecting the specific role of each region, in spenn transport, spermatophore formation and ejaculation. The nature of the glandular epithelium and presence of secretory material in the lumen suggest that packaging of sperms into a spermatophore is initiated in the AVO itself. The epithelial cells of the inner margin of the AVD and MVD are highly columnar. fonning a 'typhlosole'-like region. The histology of the MVD differs from that of the A VD in the presence of prominent circular and longitudinal muscle layers. Presence of copious secretory material in the MVD indicates further packaging of the sperms. Extensive muscle layers and reduced secretory activity are characteristic of the PVO. The male hormone-producing tissue. the androgenic gland, is situated mesially in the curvature of the ampulla, the distal end of the PVD. The histology of the gland confirms its secretory role