Long-term stability test of a triple GEM detector

The main aim of the study is to perform the long-term stability test of gain of the single mask triple GEM detector. A simple method is used for this long- term stability test using a radioactive X-ray source with high activity. The test is continued till accumulation of charge per unit area > 12.0 mC/mm2. The details of the chamber fabrication, the test set-up, the method of measurement and the test results are presented in this paper.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

System level simulation for femtocellular networks

© 2014 IEEE. LTE is an emerging wireless data communication technology to provide broadband ubiquitous Internet access. Femtocells are included in 3GPP since Release 8 to enhance the indoor network coverage and capacity. System level simulation is used for performance evaluation of LTE-Femtocellular networks. Research works on performance optimization could not be justified since there was no common reference simulator to do so until the inception of LTE-Sim. The simulation scenarios for Femtocells in LTE-Sim encompasses two-tier macro-femto scenario but to the best of our knowledge there is no published work on coding and scripting of femtocell scenario in LTE-Sim. In this paper, the development of a femtocell scenario is discussed with simulation outcomes

Macro with Pico Cells (HetNets) System Behavior Using Well-known scheduling Algorithms

This paper demonstrates the concept of using Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) to improve Long Term Evolution (LTE) system by introducing the LTE Advance (LTE-A). The type of HetNets that has been chosen for this study is Macro with Pico cells. Comparing the system performance with and without Pico cells has clearly illustrated using three well-known scheduling algorithms (Proportional Fair PF, Maximum Largest Weighted Delay First MLWDF and Exponential/Proportional Fair EXP/PF). The system is judged based on throughput, Packet Loss Ratio PLR, delay and fairness.A simulation platform called LTE-Sim has been used to collect the data and produce the paper outcomes and graphs. The results prove that adding Pico cells enhances the overall system performance. From the simulation outcomes, the overall system performance is as follows: throughput is duplicated or tripled based on the number of users, the PLR is almost quartered, the delay is nearly reduced ten times (PF case) and changed to be a half (MLWDF/EXP cases), and the fairness stays closer to value of 1. It is considered an efficient and cost effective way to increase the throughput, coverage and reduce the latency

A novel approach for mobility management inf lte femtocells

LTE is an emerging wireless data communication technology to provide broadband ubiquitous Internet access. Femtocells are included in 3GPP since Release 8 to enhance the indoor network coverage and capacity. The main challenge of mobility management in hierarchical LTE structure is to guarantee efficient handover to or from/to/between Femtocells. This paper focuses, on different types of Handover and comparison performance between different decision algorithms. Furthermore, a speed based Handover algorithm for macro-femto scenario is proposed with simulation result

Performance of well-known frequency reuse algorithms in LTE downlink 3GPP LTE systems

© 2015 IEEE. Intercell interference (ICI) is one of the major factors that limit the performance of wireless cellular network systems. Soft frequency reuse (SFR) as well as its modified algorithms such as Soft fractional frequency reuse (Soft FFR) and Distributed fractional frequency reuse (Distributed FFR) have been introduced as an effective way to optimize spectrum and control the ICI. However, the comparison between these algorithms has not fully been presented by the researchers proposing the models. This paper presents a comparison of the performance of well-known frequency reuse algorithms in term of system throughput, average packet loss ratio and average packet delay. The simulation results indicate that the simplest scheme, i.e. Soft FR, archives the highest system performance comparing to Soft FFR and Distributed FFR. Hence, it is noticed that one of the effective methods which optimize frequency reuse is to reduce the algorithm complexity

Performance Study of Diesel Engine by using Mahua Methyl Ester (biodiesel) and its Blends with Diesel Fuel

The results of the performance of a compression ignition engine (direct injected, 4-stroke 2-cylinder engine) by using mahua methyl ester from non-edible vegetable oil (Madhuca indica) and its blends with diesel fuel have been presented in this paper. Short-term engine performance tests were conducted using four different blends of mahua methyl ester oil with diesel fuel from 20% to 100% by volume at three fuel temperatures (30, 50 and 700-C) and at two injection pressures (17640 kPa and 24010 kPa). The engine performance parameters studied were power output, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BThE) and exhaust gas temperature (ExGT) by using diesel fuel alone and the above mentioned blend fuels. The performance of engine with blend fuel (20% mahua methyl ester and 80% diesel) was found to be better than the other blend fuels. But the values of power output, BSFC, BThE and ExGT in case of blend fuel B20 (20% mahua methyl ester and 80% diesel) were observed to be respectively 3% more, 9% more, 12%more and 0.5% less than the diesel fuel at 700-C temperature and 24010 kPa pressure. The mahua methyl ester (blends of B20) can be used as an alternative diesel fuel replacement with little sacrifice in brake specific fuel consumption