Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Antidiabetic Action of Ethanolic Extracts of Punica granatum Linn. in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Albino Rats

Antidiabetic action of ethanolic extracts of seed and rind of Punica granatum L. was evaluated on alloxaninduced diabetic albino rats. Both the extracts, each at a dose of 200mg/kg/d, were administered orally for two weeks to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Blood glucose was estimated every week for two consecutive weeks. For evaluation of probable mechanism of action of the extracts, glycogen estimation was carried out in liver, heart and skeletal muscle and effect on adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia was observed. Both the extracts significantly (p<0.05) reduced the rise in blood glucose induced by alloxan, with the rind extract exhibiting significantly (p<0.05) better activity than seed extract. Both the extracts also produced significant (p<0.05) increase in liver glycogen and significantly (p<0.05) reduced adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia. These results support strong antidiabetic action in favor of P. granatum seed and rind extract

jacquemontii Benth.

investigation of bark extracts of Acaci

Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Estimation of Manganese, Zinc and Copper in Multimineral Preparation Containing Vitamins: A

A simple, precise, complexometric titration method has been developed for the estimation of essential trace metals- manganese, zinc and copper, in marketed multimineral pharmaceutical dosage form containing vitamins. The selectivity of the method is accomplished by masking the minerals with suitable masking agent (NaCN) and determining the metal ion using Complexon III (EDTA). The method having high recovery range has successfully been applied for the determination of these trace metals in presence of other minerals and vitamins. The values of different statistical parameters (e.g., standard deviation, coefficient of variation, standard error, confidence interval) were also determined, which reflect the accuracy and validity of the proposed method. Key words: Multimineral, complexometric titration, Na2EDTA

Social Life, Economic Status and Health care Delivery Practices of the People of Bede Community of Bangladesh: A Case Study

This study was conducted to observe the socio-economical status, living standard and health management practices of the people of the Bede community of Bangladesh. Bedes living in the Savar area of Dhaka district was selected for a case study. To conduct the study, data were obtained through a questionnairebased survey of 700 respondents about their social and economical status, professional practices, standard of living and literacy status, health management and treatment methods used. It has been observed that these mostly nomadic people of the Bede community have a weak socio-economic condition, large family size {{9-16 member family (58.22 %); 17-24 member family (22.20 %)}, intense smoking habit and a low level of literacy (80.00 % people are illiterate). They practice ethno-medicine and snake-charming as their main professional business to earn a living. In offering health care services to people, they use medicaments prepared from various plant and animal parts and minerals and apply various ethno-treatment techniques, like spiritual, physical, mystical and psychological techniques to treat various ailments. Although they practice their age-old traditional system of medicine as their profession to treat others, they have been found to depend largely on Allopathic, Homeopathic and modern Traditional medicines for treating their own illness, particularly when they suffer from diarrhoea, dysentery, small pox, orthopedic problems, and even snake-bite, which is supposed to be their own specialty. Bedes live below the poverty line

Sharma et al., 2009 Stamford Journal of

Synthesis, anticonvulsant activity and insilico study of some novel amino acids incorporated bicyclo compound

Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Gramnegative Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infection.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common and occasional recurrent bacterial illness with an increasing resistance to antimicrobials. Antibiotic resistance in UTI is a growing public health problem in the world including Bangladesh. The study objective was to examine the present incidence of UTIs in Bangladesh in a point period of time from January to December 2007. A retrospective data analysis of culture results of urinary pathogens was performed. The data was collected from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B). The data included culture results of 9,854 urine samples and only Gram-negative isolates irrespective of age groups were analyzed. The prevalence of UTI was observed in 24.14%. It was observed that out of 2,379 uropathogens Escherichia coli (66.92%) was the most prevalent isolate followed by Klebsiella spp. (13.45%), Proteus spp. (6.77%) and Pseudomonas spp. (6.77%). The percentage of resistance to different antibiotics was higher in E. coli, Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolates compared to that of others. Among the total number of isolates the resistant rate of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. to ampicillin was 86.09 % and 83.33 % and to cotrimoxazole was 67.61 % and 59.81%, their resistance rate to nalidixic acid was 83.28 % and 61.54%. All other isolates also showed above 80 % resistance to ampicillin and above 50 % to cotrimoxazole whereas imipenem was found to be the most effective against the uropathogens followed by amikacin

Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Rapid Method for Species-Specific Identification and Determination of Toxigenicity of Vibrio Cholerae from Natural Aquatic Environment

Cholera caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is a major public health problem confronting developing countries, where outbreaks occur in a regular seasonal pattern and are particularly associated with poverty and poor sanitation. It is generally accepted that seven distinct pandemics of cholera have occurred since the onset of the first pandemic in 1817. Again Vibrio cholerae is capable of surviving in aquatic environments for extended periods and is considered as autochthonous species in estuarine and brackish waters. Therefore, the present study was designed to isolate V. cholerae from natural environmental samples subsequently identified by conventional and molecular biological techniques. A total number of 10 isolates were included randomly in this study based on their initial identification. The serotypes of the isolates were determined by serological test (slide agglutination) and the number of serotypes O1, O139 and non-O1/O139 were 3, 2 and 5 respectively which were reconfirmed by PCR method. Finally, the toxigenicity of the isolates was analyzed by multiplex PCR method and five (5) isolates were found to contain the ctx gene, the major virulence factor of V. cholerae

combination from hydrophilic matrix pellets

Effects of coating on the release profile of dru

Chemical and Biological Investigation of Leaves of Polygonum plebejum

The cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of methanol crude extract and column fractions of the extract of the leaves of P. plebejum were examined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay and disc diffusion method respectively. The extracts showed significant cytotoxic as well as antimicrobial activities. Silica gel column chromatography of methanol extract of P. plebejum afforded a steroid. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis, including 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR and also by comparing with data in the literature