Light-matter interaction between photonic bound states in the continuum and bright excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides

Being motivated by recent achievements in the rapidly developing fields of optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) and excitons in monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides, we analyze strong coupling between BICs in Ta2O5 periodic photonic structures and excitons in WSe2 monolayers. We demonstrate that giant radiative lifetime of BICs allow to engineer the exciton-polariton lifetime enhancing it three orders of magnitude compared to a bare exciton.The work has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (3.1668.2017/4.6), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (16-37-60064) and the President of Russian Federation (Grant MK-403.2018.2)

Strong coupling between excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides and optical bound states in the continuum

Being motivated by recent achievements in the rapidly developing fields of optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) and excitons in monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides, we analyze strong coupling between BICs in Ta 2 O 5 periodic photonic structures and excitons in WSe 2 monolayers. We demonstrate that giant radiative lifetime of BICs allows to engineer the exciton-polariton lifetime enhancing it three orders of magnitude compared to a bare exciton. We show that maximal lifetime of hybrid light-matter state can be achieved at any point of k-space by shaping the geometry of the photonic structure.This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (16-37-60064, 17-02- 01234), the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (3.1668.2017/4.6), the President of Rus- sian Federation (MK-403.2018.2

Strong coupling between excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides and optical bound states in the continuum

Being motivated by recent achievements in the rapidly developing fields of optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) and excitons in monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides, we analyze strong coupling between BICs in $\rm Ta_2O_5$ periodic photonic structures and excitons in $\rm WSe_2$ monolayers. We demonstrate that giant radiative lifetime of BICs allow to engineer the exciton-polariton lifetime enhancing it three orders of magnitude compared to a bare exciton. We show that maximal lifetime of hybrid light-matter state can be achieved at any point of $\mathbf{k}$-space by shaping the geometry of the photonic structure. Our findings open new route for the realization of the moving exciton-polariton condensates with non-resonant pump and without the Bragg mirrors which is of paramount importance for polaritonic devices.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Current and future use of dipyridamole in patients with COVID-19

Current use of dipyridamole in COVID-19 is mainly based on its antithrombotic activity, since there is no robust clinical effectiveness data. The decision to use dipyridamole in COVID-19 should be individualized, considering the experimental nature of this treatment

Drug-induced pulmonary artery hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a condition characterized by an increase in mean pressure in the pulmonary artery. This pathology is associated with high mortality, and specific therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension does not affect the cause of the disease and is extremely expensive. In this regard, it is especially important to study the modifiable etiological factors of pulmonary arterial hypertension. One such factor is drugs. One of the leading groups of drugs-inductors is anorexigenic drugs. It was the representatives of this group, such as aminorex, who were the first inducers of pulmonary hypertension. Moreover, this adverse reaction was so significant that it led to the withdrawal of these drugs. Currently, the leading role in the context of drug-induced pulmonary hypertension is played by such drugs as anticancer, antiviral drugs, and interferons. These drugs lead to pulmonary hypertension through various pathophysiological mechanisms. The leading measures to prevent this pathology are to limit the use of culprit medications, reduce the spread of HIV infection, since several groups of drugs can be used to treat HIV-infected patients, leading to the development of pulmonary hypertension

Statin-Induced Myopathy

Scientific relevance. Being the main class of medicinal products for dyslipidaemia treatment, statins are widely used in clinical practice in various patient populations. However, statins can cause statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS), which are the most frequent and, in some cases, even life-threatening adverse reactions associated with these medicinal products.Aim. The study aimed to perform a systematic review of the epidemiology, classification, and physiological pathogenesis of SAMS, risk factors for this complication, and clinical guidelines for primary care physicians regarding the identification and treatment of patients with SAMS.Discussion. SAMS is an umbrella term that covers various forms of myopathies associated with satin therapy. According to the published literature, the prevalence of SAMS varies considerably and may depend on the study design, inclusion criteria, and the medicinal product used. SAMS has multiple putative pathogenic pathways that include genetically determined processes, abnormalities in mitochondrial function, defects in intracellular signalling and metabolic pathways, and immune-mediated reactions. The main known risk factors for developing SAMS include high-dose statins, drug–drug interactions, genetic polymorphisms, female sex, older age, Asian race, history of kidney, liver, and muscle disease, and strenuous physical activity. Given the lack of universally recognised algorithms for diagnosing SAMS, clinicians should consider the clinical presentation and the temporal relationship between statin therapy and symptoms. Other factors to consider include changes in muscle-specific enzyme levels and, in some cases, the results of blood tests for antibodies to 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase.Conclusions. To ensure the safety of statin therapy, it is essential to raise clinicians’ awareness of the risk factors for SAMS, indicative clinical and laboratory findings, and the need for dynamic patient monitoring, including the involvement of clinical pharmacologists

Drug-Induced Atrial Fibrillation / Atrial Flutter

Drug-induced atrial fibrillation / flutter (DIAF) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of pharmacotherapy. Purpose of the work: systematization and analysis of scientific literature data on drugs, the use of which can cause the development of DIAF, as well as on epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, clinical picture, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention of DIAF. Analysis of the literature has shown that many groups of drugs can cause the development of DIAF, with a greater frequency while taking anticancer drugs, drugs for the treatment of the cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary and central nervous systems. The mechanisms and main risk factors for the development of DIAF have not been finally established and are known only for certain drugs, therefore, this section requires further study. The main symptoms of DIAF are due to the severity of tachycardia and their influence on the parameters of central hemodynamics. For diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct an electrocardiogram (ECG) and Holter monitoring of an ECG and echocardiography. Differential diagnosis should be made with AF, which may be caused by other causes, as well as other rhythm and conduction disturbances. Successful treatment of DIAF is based on the principle of rapid recognition and immediate discontinuation of drugs (if possible), the use of which potentially caused the development of adverse drug reactions (ADR). The choice of management strategy: heart rate control or rhythm control, as well as the method of achievement (medication or non-medication), depends on the specific clinical situation. For the prevention of DIAF, it is necessary to instruct patients about possible symptoms and recommend self-monitoring of the pulse. It is important for practitioners to be wary of the risk of DIAF due to the variety of drugs that can potentially cause this ADR

Current and future use of umifenovir in patients with COVID-19

At the time of print, the evidence for using umifenovir in COVID-19 is mainly theoretical. The published clinical trials have contradicting results. The decision to use umifenovir in COVID-19 should be individualized, considering the “experimental” nature of this treatment

ОЦЕНКА СОРТООБРАЗЦОВ МОРКОВИ СТОЛОВОЙ НА ЗАСЕЛЕННОСТЬ CAVARIELLA AEGOPODII (SCOP.) И ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННО ЦЕННЫЕ ПРИЗНАКИ КУЛЬТУРЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ БРЯНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The article presents the results of research on the biology of willow-carrot aphid and evaluation of varieties and hybrids of garden carrot in the Bryansk region. The aim of scientific research was to study the biological characteristics of willow-carrot aphid - Cavariella aegopodii (Scop.) (Homoptera: Aphididae), the influence of weather and climatic conditions on the pest prevalence, the degree of plant population, as well as the evaluation of varieties and hybrids of garden carrot on the complex of economically valuable traits. It was established that the average daily temperature of 18°C and above contributed to the intensive pest infestation of carrot plants in the first decade of July. The peak of the number of willow-carrot aphids was noted in I-II decades of July. With the increase of temperature increased the fecundity of females of the aphid up to 60-70 larvae. In 2017-2018 detected relatively resistant varieties and hybrids of garden carrot – Minor, Marlinka, Nantskaya 4, Nadezhda F1with an average damage score of 1.0-1.17. The variety Shantena royal is marked with plants with an average score of 2.43, which characterizes the average resistance of the variety to damage. In the Bryansk region on the basis of "mass of roots" on average, over two years of research significantly exceeded the standard (variety Nante 4) Shantena 2461, Shantena Royal, Minor, Nante, Cupar F1, Nadezhda F1, Mars F1 by 6.2 - 37.1 per cent. On the basis of "marketable yield" varieties and hybrids of Mars F1, Cupar F1, Nadezhda F1, Shantena royal, Nante, Minor were distinguished. According to the results of biochemical analysis, a variety of Nante with a high content of carotene (185.1 mg/kg), dry matter (13.3%) and low nitrate accumulation (110.2 mg/kg) was isolated. During two years of research in the conditions of the Bryansk region, it was established that Minor, Nadezhda F1 combined relative resistance to willow-carrot aphids damage and were distinguished on the basis of “commercial yield”.В статье представлены результаты исследований по биологии ивово-морковной тли и оценке сортов и гибридов моркови столовой в условиях Брянской области. Целью научных исследований было изучение биологических особенностей ивово-морковной тли – Сavariella aegopodii (Scop.) (Homoptera: Aphididae), влияния погодно-климатических условий на распространенность вредителя, степень заселенности растений, а также произведена оценка сортов и гибридов моркови столовой на комплекс хозяйственно ценных признаков. Установлено, что среднесуточная температура 18°С и выше способствовала интенсивному заселению вредителем растений моркови в I-й декаде июля. Пик численности ивово-морковной тли отмечен в I-II декадах июля. С повышением температуры увеличивалась плодовитость самок тли до 60-70 личинок. В 2017-2018 годах выявлены относительно устойчивые к повреждениям сорта и гибриды моркови столовой – Минор, Марлинка, Нантская 4, Надежда F1 со средним баллом повреждений 1,0-1,17. На сорте Шантенэ королевская отмечены растения со средним баллом 2,43, что характеризует среднюю устойчивость сорта к повреждениям. В условиях Брянской области по признаку «масса корнеплода» в среднем за два года исследований достоверно превысили показатель стандарта (сорт Нантская 4) Шантенэ 2461, Шантенэ королевская, Минор, Нанте, Купар F1, Надежда F1, Марс F1 на 6,2-37,1%. По признаку «товарная урожайность» выделены сорта и гибриды Марс F1, Купар F1, Надежда F1, Шантенэ королевская, Нанте, Минор. По результатам биохимического анализа выделен сорт Нанте с высоким содержанием каротина (185,1 мг/кг), сухого вещества (13,3%) и низким накоплением нитратов (11,0 мг/кг). За два года исследований в условиях Брянской области установлено, что Минор, Надежда F1 сочетали относительную устойчивость к повреждениям ивово-морковной тлей и выделялись по признаку «товарная урожайность»

Падения в стационаре у пациентов старческого возраста с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями и полипрагмазией

Background. The fall in the elderly is observed much more often than in younger people, and according to statistics the number of people over 65 years who have suffered a fall during the year reaches 30 %, while the probability of injury. Most of the falls in elderly patients does not lead to injury, but the developing at the same time unfavorable psychological discomfort can sharply limit the usual activity, lead to the formation of dependence on outside help, disadaptation in the home and form a fear of a possible fall. Falls, accompanied by the development of trauma, are observed in 10–15 % of cases. The objective was to study the relationship between polymorbidity, polypragmasia and the development of the fall in elderly patients cardiological profile.Results. Polymorbidity prevailed in the group of patients who suffered a fall in the hospital (8.9 ± 2.6 vs 7.5 ± 1.5 in men. 8.5 ± 2.2 vs 7.2 ± 1.6 in women). In patients undergoing a decline, it was also noted, and polypharmacy to a greater extent than cohort patients without falling (9.4 ± 1.9 vs 78.4 ± 2.2 in men. and 9.6 ± 2.7 vs 9.1 ± 2.5 for women). In addition, patients who suffered a fall in the hospital by age were older than patients in the comparison group (86 ± 6 vs 85 ± 5 in men, 87 ± 5 vs 84 ± 5 in women). We also revealed the tendency of the predominance of women in the subgroup of patients with the incidence and development of trauma. Conclusion. Minimizing the amount of drugs received, as the fight against polypragmasy can help reduce the incidence of falls in elderly patients. Введение. Падения у пожилых отмечаются значительно чаще, чем у лиц более молодого возраста. По данным статистики, число лиц старше 65 лет, перенесших падение в течение года, достигает 30 %. Бόльшая часть падений у пациентов пожилого возраста не приводит к травме, однако развивающийся при этом психологический дискомфорт способен резко ограничить привычную активность, привести к формированию зависимости от посторонней помощи, дезадаптации в быту и сформировать страх перед возможным падением. Падения, сопровождающиеся развитием травмы, наблюдаются в 10–15 % случаев. Цель исследования – изучение взаимосвязи между полиморбидностью, полипрагмазией и падением у пациентов старческого возраста кардиологического профиля.Результаты. Полиморбидность преобладала в группе пациентов, перенесших падение в стационаре (8,9 ± 2,6 vs 7,5 ± 1,5 у мужчин; 8,5 ± 2,2 vs 7,2 ± 1,6 у женщин). У пациентов, перенесших падение, также отмечалась полипрагмазия в большей степени, чем у пациентов без падения (9,4 ± 1,9 vs 78,4 ± 2,2 у мужчин; 9,6 ± 2,7 vs 9,1 ± 2,5 у женщин). Кроме того, пациенты, перенесшие падение в стационаре, были старше пациентов группы сравнения (86 ± 6 лет vs 85 ± 5 лет у мужчин; 87 ± 5 лет vs 84 ± 5 лет у женщин). Нами также выявлена тенденция преобладания женщин в группе пациентов с падением и развитием травмы. Заключение. С учетом того, что полипрагмазия является модифицируемым фактором риска падений, минимизация количества получаемых лекарственных средств может способствовать снижению частоты падений у пациентов старческого возраста.