EFFICACY OF LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

Background: In the modern world, diabetes mellitus is a disease that is growing in epidemic proportions. Numbers of women of childbearing age with this disease are also increasing. Aim: To develop a dose-defining algorithm for laser photocoagulation treatment of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema in pregnant women ensuring optimal efficacy and sustained effects. Materials and methods: 12 pregnant women with type I diabetes decompensation before and during pregnancy (НbА1с > 8 %, group 1), 10 women with compensated type I diabetes before and during pregnancy (НbА1с 4.5–6%, group 2), 10 women with type I diabetes decompensation before pregnancy and compensation of diabetesachieved during the 1st  trimester (НbА1c  6.5%, group 3) were enrolled. In all patients, routine  ophthalmological examination and optical coherent tomography were performed. Results: 39 eyes were treated with laser photocoagulation of the retina including 3 panretinal,  16 focal and 20 grid laser procedures. In the group 1, stabilization of the funduscopic picture was observed during the 3 trimester and in the longtermafter the laser treatment. During the 3rd  trimester, additional laser procedure was required in 4 eyes (16%) in the group 1 and in 2 eyes (10%) in the group 2.Conclusion: Laser photocoagulation results in significant improvement of visual acuity. Visual function changes are dependent from diabetes compensation status, presence of macular edema and volume of the procedure

DETECTION OF OPTICAL DENSITY OF THE MACULAR PIGMENT IN SECONDARY GESTATION

The article presents a new method to diagnose the pathology of macular pigment in repeatedly pregnant women with myopia differently dependent on the age as well as on both refraction and peripheral alterations in cases without clear symptoms when traditional ophthalmic examination doesn’t reveal any existing pathology

Experience in treatment of retinal vein occlusion

In the contemporary world there is an epidemic increase in acquired vascular diseases of the eye. Retinal vein occlusion leads not only to a decrease in visual acuity, but also to a development of complications such as recurrent intravitreal hemorrhages, traction retinal detachment, secondary neovascular glaucoma, resulting is the disability of patients, that leading to the loss of professional suitability in persons of working age.Purpose. To study an efficacy and safety of intravitreal Ozurdex injection within 6 months in retinal vein occlusion.Material and methods. The study involved 38 patients with a decreased vision due to macular edema following the unilateral retinal vein occlusion. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.06-0.4, the thickness of the retina in the central zone: ≥430μm, the duration of macular edema: from 4 weeks to 9 months. All patients underwent the standard and optional ophthalmic examinations: OCT, fundus photography and fluorescein angiography.Results. An improvement of visual acuity and a decrease in retinal thickness were observed in all patients 1 month after the IVI in 100% of cases (0.05-0.4, by 85-360μm from the initial data), respectively; during the visit at 4 months a decrease in retinal thickness after injection was observed in 89% of patients and was 115-275μm from the initial value; it returned in 10% to the original level before the IVI; the study of retinal thickness 6 months after the injection of the Ozurdex drug demonstrated its reduction by 110-270 microns from the baseline in 66%, 60% of them were within the normal range; relapsed edema occurred in 34%. During the study, two adverse events were registered such as progression of cataracts and ophthalmic hypertension in 21% of patients.Conclusion. The Ozurdex injection promotes a long-term and significant improvement of visual acuity in patients with macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion. One injection improves the BCVA and reduces persistently the thickness of the retina according to the OCT data for the period up to 6 months in 66% of patients, but a relapse of its edema is registered with the decreased BCVA in 34% of patients that requires a further research

Programmable logic controller based on the Russian hardware components

Problem statement. A programmable logic controller is a key tool for automating technological processes and production in the energy sector, transport infrastructure, industry, agriculture, housing and communal services. In the article the development of a programmable logic controller based entirely on domestic hardware components is considered.Objective. To offer circuit solutions that allow developing a programmable logic controller using domestic hardware components exclusively.Results. Schematic solutions and achieved technical parameters of programmable logic controller are presented. The controller was developed entirely on the domestic element base at the enterprise JSC “Avangard” (St. Petersburg). The parameters of the controller correspond to the main indicators of the technical assignment for its development during the implementation of the Comprehensive Project under the State Program of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation.Practical implications. Production of programmable logic controllers based on the domestic hardware components exclusively solves the national goal of import substitution of devices of this class

The First Experience of Creating Registers of Patients with Eye Diseases in Moscow Region

This report is devoted to the problem of absence universal databases of patients with different chronic eye diseases and continuity of these patients between medical organizations. On the basis of MONIKI there has was held a prospective, observational cohort study of patients since 2016, with diagnoses: uveal melanoma — the first group of patients, degenerative States of the optic nerve and retina (multiple sclerosis, glaucoma) — the second group, — and vascular retinal diseases (venous occlusion, diabetic retinopathy) — the third group. There were 114 patients — in the first, 68 — in the second, 92 — in the third. There were developed statistically significant parameters of patients examination, adaptation of registers to application and increase of their efficiency continues to be corrected. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological examination, in addition-gonioscopy, ultrasound (ultrasound) in a and b-scan mode, including ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescence angiography (FAG), computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the orbit. According to the indications, patients were examined by related specialists. For each patient group, prior results were obtained. They were late detection, untimely treatment and referral patients to other medical organizations, which proves the need to systematize patients with various pathologies and the subsequent continuity of medical organizations as for the timely detection of the disease, as for adequate and timely treatment not only at the local, but also at the regional or Federal levels. The integration of patients register with various ophthalmic diseases has a priority course in the development of healthcare in the Moscow region