ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE IN EXPERIMENTALLY CRITICALLY STENOSED AORTIC LUMEN

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DYNAMICS OF ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS OF AORTIC COMPRESSION CHAMBER IN EXPERIMENTAL STENOSIS

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ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MESANGIAL CELLS IN EXPERIMENTALLY CRITICALLY STENOSED AORTIC LUMEN

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MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF DISTAL RADIOULNAR, RADIOCARPAL AND MEDIOCARPAL JOINTS ON CADAVER MATERIAL FROM ELDERLY PEOPLE. II. ARTICULAR CARTILAGINES AND DISCUS ARTICULARIS

Wrist joints are a complex system whose functioning depends on a number of factors. The most significant of them are the status/condition of discus articularis and the cartilages covering joint surfaces. This study on cadaver hands of elderly people (60 years old and over) covered the changes in joint cartilages and discus articularis and the role of these changes for the functional discomfort of wrist joints. The condition of the joints mentioned above has been observed with a magnifying glass (3x) in twelve cadaver hands. Material for light microscope observation was taken from  representative parts of discus articularis. The scopic investigation revealed erosions on the surface of the radiocarpal and mediocarpal joints cartilage. Such erosions were observed in two cases (16,67%) in radiocarpal joint and in 5 cases (41,67%) in mediocarpal joint. The microscopic observation showed indentations and fissures on the discus articularis surface, some of which filled with residual material. Some erosions have grown into fissures penetrating deeper. A decrease in the number of chondrocytes in discus articularis has been detected together with homogenization of extracellular matrix especially in their deeper layers. In the closest proximity with the cartilage surface, isogenous groups with a decreased number of chondrocytes were found out. Degenerative changes were established in chondrocytes, vacuoles being formed at the site of the dead chondrocytes. The extracellular halo substituted the fibrilated territorial matrix. A decreased cell number was observed in the overall structure of discus articularis. These changes in the structure of joint cartilage and discus articularis due to age are brought up for a discussion as a cause of possible functional discomfort in wrist joints often accompanied by a vague pain syndrome

ANATOMICAL PREDISPOSITIONS FOR CHOICE OF RADIUS OR ULNA OSTEOTOMY IN "ULNA MINUS" VARIANCE AND KIENBOCK'S DISEASE

Recently, the surgical level for "ulna minus"-variance correction gained popularity in the treatment of Kienbock's disease. Our study aimed at investigating both A. nutricia radii and A. nutricia ulnae in site of branching and localization of Foramen nutricium on the ulna and radius. Cadaver material from 23 upper extremities was used after dissection along with bone material from 82 ulna and 86 radius specimens. A. nutricia radii originated from A. interossea anterior in 100 % of the cases while A. nutricia ulnae initiated from A. interossea anterior in 73,91 % of the cases, directly from A. ulnaris - in 13,04 %, from A. interossea communis - in 4, 35 %, and from A. recurrens ulnaris - in 8, 70 %. Based on these and previously reported data about Foramen nutricium localization along the radius and ulna the reasons for the preferred radius shortening to the ulna lengthening as well as its choice as a most suitable site for "level" osteotomy in the treatment of Kienbck's disease were discussed

ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF OS LUNATUM: SIGNIFICANCE IN THE WRIST JOINT STATICS AND MECHANICS

Os lunatum cannot resist this pressure which is considered to be one of the reasons for the development of Kienbock s disease. This resistance to the considerable pressure depends on some morphological features of the wrist bones and ofOs lunatum in particular. The variations of the anatomical features were studied on 12 cadaver wrists. The results showed that Os lunatum could contact the bones of the distal wrist row and those of the forearm in different ways: i) with Os capitatum and with two separated articular surfaces for radius and discus articularis - in 33,33 % and ii) Os capitatum, Os hamatum and with two separated articular surfaces for radius and discus articularis - in 66,67 %

Restaging role of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in a patient with a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST) caused by neurofibromatosis – case report

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNST) are a malignant disease that originates in the cells that cover and protect the peripheral nerves. They are a rare disease, accounting for 6% of soft tissue sarcomas. We present a patient with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor on the left brachium with neurofibromatosis. The patient underwent whole body PET/CT for restaging after total extirpation of a tumor formation originated from n. musculocutaneous in 09.2017, an excision of a recurrent tumor formation in the proximal half of the brachium invading into m. biceps brachii in 12.2017, a performed MRI in 02.2018 - with data for multiple MPSNT in the area between the two previous operations - and subsequent definitive radiotherapy (boost) in the area of the tumor formation and 6 cycles of chemotherapy with Epirubicin. After restaging PET/CT scan of the whole body was performed, progression of the disease was defined - increased in size and activity subpleural lesion in the lower lobe of the right lung

Monitoring the effect of therapy on a patient with a neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas with PET/CT, 68Ga-DOTATATE - case report

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are a rare diagnosis, often without symptoms or mimicking other different symptoms. Тhey are a heterogeneous group of tumors derived from neuroendocrine cells, most commonly of the gastrointestinal tract, but may originate also from other organs including the pancreas, lungs, ovaries, thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands (3). Due to the difficult diagnosis, NET‘s are detected at a late stage in their development, often already locally advanced or metastasized. PET/CT with 68Gallium DOTATATE proved to be an effective imaging method not only for the primary diagnosis of NET and subsequent therapeutic behavior, but also for evaluating the effect of the treatment. (1) We present a case of a positive PET/CT scan, performed with Ga-68 DOTATATE in the topical location of the tail of the pancreas after therapy with Sandostain lar

Efficiency of plant proteases bromelain and papain on turkey meat tenderness

The main subject of study is the effect the plant proteases bromelain and papain exert on turkey meat tenderness. Experiments are conducted with samples of raw meat in 3 different concentration levels of the enzyme solutions (50U/ml 100U/ml and 200 U/ml) and in 3 different time periods (duration) of treatment (24 h, 48 h, 72h). An increase in enzyme concentration and treatment duration results in a higher degree of protein hydrolysis in the turkey meat. The optimal conditions for hydrolysis with minimal loss of protein and highest retention of organoleptic qualities of the meat samples are established