Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Folklore: \u3cem\u3ePithecellobium dulce\u3c/em\u3e Benth. Leaves

In the present study, the aqueous and alcoholic extract of Pithecellobium dulce leaves were evaluated for radical scavenging activity using reducing power assay method. Aqueous extract showed potent free radical scavenging activity, than alcohol extract. The observed activity could be due to higher phenolic content in the extracts (0.2171& 0.2042 mg/g in aqueous and alcohol extract respectively). HPTLC fingerprint profile of the ethanol and aqueous extracts were developed which would serve as reference standard for quality control of these extract

Litsea Deccanensis Ameliorates Myocardial Infarction in Wistar Rats: Evidence from Biochemical and Histological Studies

The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of methanolic extract of Litsea deccanensis (MELD) against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats by studying cardiac markers, lipid peroxidation, lipid profile, and histological changes. Male Wistar rats were treated orally with MELD (100 and 200 mg/kg) daily for a period of 21 days. After 21 days of pretreatment, isoproterenol (100 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously to rats at an interval of 24 h for 2 days to induce myocardial infarction. Isoproterenol-induced rats showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in the levels of serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and lipid hydro peroxides. The serum lipid levels were altered in the isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. The histopathological findings of the myocardial tissue evidenced myocardial damage in isoproterenol-induced rats. The oral pretreatment with MELD restored the pathological alterations in the isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. The MELD pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of biochemical markers, lipid peroxidation and regulated the lipid profile of the antioxidant system in the isoproterenol-induced rats. An inhibited myocardial necrosis was evidenced by the histopathological findings in MELD pretreated isoproterenol-induced rats. Our study shows that oral pretreatment with MELD prevents isoproterenol-induced oxidative stress in myocardial infarction. The presence of phenolic acid and flavonoid contents were confirmed by preliminary phytochemical tests. The reducing power and free radical scavenging activities of the MELD may be the possible reason for it pharmacological actions

Quantitative Determination of Metformin Hydrochloride in Tablet Formulation Containing Croscarmellose Sodium as Disintegrant by HPLC and UV Spectrophotometry

Purpose: To develop and validate a suitable method for the assay of metformin hydrochloride (HCl) in tablets containing croscarmellose sodium as an additive. Methods: Methanol and ethanol (99%) were assessed as solvents for sample preparation for the assay of metformin HCl in tablets containing croscarmellose sodium by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra violet spectrophotometric (UV) methods. The proposed method was subjected to validation tests. Results: Recovery of metformin HCl from the placebo-spiked sample was 95.1 to 96.9 % as per BP and USP methods compared with 99.3 to 100.8 % when analyzed by the proposed method. The use of methanol and ethanol as solvents resolved the problem of retention of metformin HCl by croscarmellose sodium in solution during the preparation of sample solution. Conclusion: The modified UV and HPLC methods are suitable for the determination of metformin HCl in tablets both in the presence and absence of croscarmellose sodium. The method is specific, precise, accurate, robust, rugged and gives a linear response for the quantitative estimation of metformin HCl in tablet formulation

Quantitative Determination of Metformin Hydrochloride in Tablet Formulation Containing Croscarmellose Sodium as Disintegrant by HPLC and UV Spectrophotometry

Purpose: To develop and validate a suitable method for the assay of metformin hydrochloride (HCl) in tablets containing croscarmellose sodium as an additive. Methods: Methanol and ethanol (99%) were assessed as solvents for sample preparation for the assay of metformin HCl in tablets containing croscarmellose sodium by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra violet spectrophotometric (UV) methods. The proposed method was subjected to validation tests. Results: Recovery of metformin HCl from the placebo-spiked sample was 95.1 to 96.9 % as per BP and USP methods compared with 99.3 to 100.8 % when analyzed by the proposed method. The use of methanol and ethanol as solvents resolved the problem of retention of metformin HCl by croscarmellose sodium in solution during the preparation of sample solution. Conclusion: The modified UV and HPLC methods are suitable for the determination of metformin HCl in tablets both in the presence and absence of croscarmellose sodium. The method is specific, precise, accurate, robust, rugged and gives a linear response for the quantitative estimation of metformin HCl in tablet formulation

Development and Validation of a Dissolution Test Method for Artemether and Lumefantrine in Tablets

Purpose: To develop and validate a dissolution test method for dissolution release of artemether and lumefantrine from tablets. Methods: A single dissolution method for evaluating the in vitro release of artemether and lumefantrine from tablets was developed and validated. The method comprised of a dissolution medium of 1000 ml of 2 %w/v of Myrj 52 in 0.005M HCl per vessel with the paddle rotating at 100 rpm for 120 min. The dissolution samples were analysed using a Waters HPLC system with Waters symmetry column (C-18 column of 250mm x 4.6mm i.d., 5 μ particle size). The mobile phase was a mixture of 20 volumes of 0.5 %v/v of triethylamine in water (adjusted to a pH of 3.0 with orthophosphoric acid) and 80 volumes of acetonitrile. The detection wavelength was set at 216 nm and 100 μl of each sample was injected. The HPLC method used for the determination of drug release was validated for the parameters of accuracy, precision, linearity, specificity, filter validation, solution stability and robustness. Results: The dissolution test provided sink conditions for artemether and lumefantrine and was able to discriminate between tablet formulations of different hardness and different composition. Application of Mann-Whitney U test for significant difference between samples at various time points during the dissolution test yielded z values > 1.96 (1.96 = critical z value at p = 0.05) for the various formulations tested, indicating the discriminatory power of the dissolution test. Conclusion: This validated dissolution test may be used as a single dissolution test for artemether and luminfantrine in tablet formulations