Perfectionism And Its Relationship To The Level Of Social Withdrawal Among A Sample Of Teenage Students In Jordan

The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and the level of social withdrawal among a sample of teenage students in Jordan. The study sample consists of (300) male and female teens. The results of the study showed that the most perfectionist levels was norms dimension , then regulation dimension , in third level was ambivalence dimension . Moreover, the most socially withdrawn level was self-reliance , then in second level, it was avoidant withdrawal dimension , in third level, it was solitary withdrawal dimension , then anxious withdrawal dimension . The results also revealed that there are statistically significant differences in the level of perfectionism attributed to gender, grade and academic rate. In addition, there are differences in social withdrawal due to gender, grade and academic rate and the dimensions of perfectionism contribute approximately (35.8%) to social withdrawal among the sample

Thermal conductivity of different materials nanofluids Nanofluids of MXenes, metal organic frameworks, and other Nanostructured materials in heat transfer applications: Review

Nanoparticles display great potential in heat transfer applications due to their impressive thermophysical properties and unique properties, which enhances the performance of a system. This review delves into the thermophysical characteristics of various nanoparticles, including MXenes, MOFs, CNTs, and graphene, and understand the importance of nanoparticles in heat transfer. MXenes are a relatively new nanoparticle that shows a lot of potential in heat transfer applications; yet, when compared to MOFs, the results demonstrated weren't nearly as impressive because of their larger area and pore size. Conversely, the superior heat transfer performance of CNTs and graphene led to their widespread use in various applications. Thermal conductivity enhancements of 30.6, 64, and 64% for MXene, graphene, and MWCNT were observed when nanoparticles were dispersed in water, indicating better heat transfer for CNT and graphene nanoparticles. Nonetheless, even though some displayed better results than others, each nanoparticle is unique and affects the system distinctively. Additionally, in this review, nanoparticles were investigated computationally, and the results were similar to experimental findings, offering further insight into which nanofluids most effectively influence heat transfer. Overall, nanoparticles enhance system efficiency, making nanofluids reliable for diverse processes despite ongoing challenges. However, nanoparticles in many systems are still being discovered and face many challenges. Therefore, future research should try to focus on studying the effects of nanoparticles in new and large-scale applications and seek solutions to the challenges faced by certain nanoparticles to improve these systems

Current recommendations for procedure selection in class I and II obesity developed by an expert modified Delphi consensus

Abstract Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is widely considered the most effective option for treating obesity, a chronic, relapsing, and progressive disease. Recently, the American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) issued new guidelines on the indications for MBS, which have superseded the previous 1991 National Institutes of Health guidelines. The aim of this study is to establish the first set of consensus guidelines for selecting procedures in Class I and II obesity, using an Expert Modified Delphi Method. In this study, 78 experienced bariatric surgeons from 32 countries participated in a two-round Modified Delphi consensus voting process. The threshold for consensus was set at an agreement or disagreement of ≥ 70.0% among the experts. The experts reached a consensus on 54 statements. The committee of experts reached a consensus that MBS is a cost-effective treatment option for Class II obesity and for patients with Class I obesity who have not achieved significant weight loss through non-surgical methods. MBS was also considered suitable for patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or higher. The committee identified intra-gastric balloon (IGB) as a treatment option for patients with class I obesity and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) as an option for patients with class I and II obesity, as well as for patients with T2DM and a BMI of ≥ 30 kg/m2. Sleeve gastrectomy (1) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) were also recognized as viable treatment options for these patient groups. The committee also agreed that one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a suitable option for patients with Class II obesity and T2DM, regardless of the presence or severity of obesity-related medical problems. The recommendations for selecting procedures in Class I and II obesity, developed through an Expert Modified Delphi Consensus, suggest that the use of standard primary bariatric endoscopic (IGB, ESG) and surgical procedures (SG, RYGB, OAGB) are acceptable in these patient groups, as consensus was reached regarding these procedures. However, randomized controlled trials are still needed in Class I and II Obesity to identify the best treatment approach for these patients in the future