Bone mapping in the infrazygomatic region for ideal placement of TADS – A CBCT study

AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the cortical bone thickness in the infra-zygomatic region for ideal placement of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of forty subjects were randomly selected for this in-vitro study from the database available in our department. None of the subjects had noticeable periodontal disease or ectopically erupted teeth. All the reconstructed images were aligned in axial, sagittal and coronal planes. On the 3D reconstructed CBCT images, the cortical bone thickness was measured from the cemento enamel junction towards the maxillary sinus floor at various heights of 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 14 mm along the mesial of upper first molar, middle of the crown through the furcation area of the maxillary first molar (6Middle), interradicular bone/interdental region between the maxillary first and second molars (6-7IR), middle of the crown through the furcation area of the maxillary second molar (7Middle), distal of the maxillary second molar (7D). Results: The cortical bone thickness between all the 5 slices, at all 4 heights are highly statistically significant (p =0.01). The cortical bone thickness gradually increased from mesial of maxillary first molar (6M) towards the interradicular region between the maxillary first and second molar ( 6-7 IR). This gradually decreased from middle of second molar (7 Middle) towards the distal of second molar (7D). The cortical bone thickness tended to get thicker from cemento enamel junction towards the maxillary sinus floor along the heights of 8mm, 10mm, 12mm and 14mm. Conclusion: Based on the outcome of this study, it is reasonable to conclude that the infrazygomatic region is an optimal site of choice for extra- alveolar placement of Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs). The ideal site for insertion of TADs are, the interdental region between the maxillary first and second molars (6-7 IR) & the middle of maxillary first molar (6 Middle) region at the heights of 10mm and 12 mm. This benefits us in achieving good primary stability. It is better to avoid placing TADs distal to maxillary second molar region as the cortical bone in that region is thinner comparatively

REAL TIME VIDEO STREAMING USING ARM FOR DEFENCE APPLICATION

ABSTRACT The paper provides the system for video streaming in ISM band which make the system low power and low cost for defence application which was limited by the wireless sensor networks (WSN

SCIENTIFIC WRITING AS AN ART: AN OVERVIEW

Writing well is an art that takes time to be perfect, but if you don't try it, you won't nail it. The value of writing should never be underestimated, as writing well improves your work [1]. If the writing is clear, it can turn bad science into good science and makes more impactful and valuable [1]. Writing helps the speaker to express the issue before audience very easier. There are various types of writing such as articles, journals, literature review etc [3]. The scientific writing should be simple, objective and concise. Writing depends on the reader's needs (for a normal reader technical terms mathematical expressions has never suited well) [2]. Various types of manuscripts are used in scientific writing. One of the key developers in scientific publications is the adoption of the IMRAD's [Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion] structure [5]. Apart from this other form is TAKAR (Title, Abstract, Keywords, Acknowledgements, and References) [5]. Approaches made by writers for in the design of the contents are about various forms in more than one journal [4]. In case of reference also various styles are used, such as Vancouver's style, the Harvard system. Writing is a most important factor to criticize and evaluate the publications [9]. Writing process should not intend to be sane, effective. Writing is a decision making process and Writers designs in different ways for their scientific work [7]. All written communications are affected by a larger context or situation [8]. This article helps the reviewers to know about the different writing methods its rhythm and styles

H-bonded Chains and Networks: A Recurring Feature in the Solid State Structures of Manganese (III) Carboxylate Schiff Base Complexes

Two new manganese(III) Schiff base complexes,  [Mn(salen)(m-NO2-C6H4CO2)(H2O)] (1) and  [Mn(msalen) (p-OH-C6H4CO2)(H2O)] (2), where H2salen = N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-diaminoethane, H2msalen = N,N'-bis (3-methoxysalicylidene)-1,2-diaminoethane were synthesized from the manganese (II) carboxylates.  Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies show that the Jahn-Teller distorted octahedral complexes are stabilized by              H-bonded chains and networks in the solid state. 

Spatial distribution of Nematalosa nasus (Bloch, 1795) of the Northern Indian Ocean in a changing climate

Globally, ocean climate is changing at unprecedented rates. Shifts of species distribution towards the northern latitudes are evident in many seas. The Northern Indian Ocean is warming at an alarming rate as compared to the other oceans. The increased rate of warming will cause substantial responses in the distribution of the pelagic fish species. Many fishes of the family Clupeidae form the mainstay of the marine fisheries of the countries bordering the Northern Indian Ocean. Nematalosa nasus is one of the important pelagic fish found in the region. This study tries to understand the distributional shifts of this species from the region in two future climate scenarios (RCP 6.0 & 8.5). The results indicate a higher influence of the current vector and mean temperature on the distribution of this species. A northward shift in the distribution range is observed in both the future scenarios as compared to the predicted current distribution

Botany, chemistry, and pharmaceutical significance of Sida cordifolia: a traditional medicinal plant

Sida cordifolia Linn. belonging to the family, Malvaceae has been widely employed in traditional medications in many parts of the world including India, Brazil, and other Asian and African countries. The plant is extensively used in the Ayurvedic medicine preparation. There are more than 200 plant species within the genus Sida, which are distributed predominantly in the tropical regions. The correct taxonomic identification is a major concern due to the fact that S. cordifolia looks morphologically similar with its related species. It possesses activity against various human ailments, including cancer, asthma, cough, diarrhea, malaria, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, obesity, ulcer, Parkinson’s disease, urinary infections, and many others. The medical importance of this plant is mainly correlated to the occurrence of diverse biologically active phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. The major compounds include β-phenylamines, 2-carboxylated tryptamines, quinazoline, quinoline, indole, ephedrine, vasicinone, 5-3-isoprenyl flavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-3-isoprenyl flavone, and 6-(isoprenyl)- 3-methoxy- 8-C-β-D-glucosyl-kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucosyl[1–4]-α-D-glucoside. The literature survey reveals that most of the pharmacological investigations on S. cordifolia are limited to crude plant extracts and few isolated pure compounds. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate many other unexplored bioactive phytoconstituents with evidences so as to justify the traditional usages of S. cordifolia. Furthermore, detailed studies on the action of mechanisms of these isolated compounds supported by clinical research are necessary for validating their application in contemporary medicines. The aim of the present chapter is to provide a detailed information on the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological aspects of S. cordifolia

The Ayurvedic drug, Ksheerabala, ameliorates quinolinic acid-induced oxidative stress in rat brain

One of the mechanisms of neurotoxicity is the induction of oxidative stress. There is hardly any cure for neurotoxicity in modern medicine, whereas many drugs in Ayurveda possess neuroprotective effects; however, there is no scientific validation for these drugs. Ksheerabala is an ayurvedic drug which is used to treat central nervous system disorders, arthritis, and insomnia. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of Ksheerabala on quinolinic acid-induced toxicity in rat brain. The optimal dose of Ksheerabala was found from a dose escalation study, wherein it was found that Ksheerabala showed maximum protection against quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity at a dose of 15 µL/100 g body weight/day, which was selected for further experiments. Four groups of female albino rats were maintained for 21 days as follows: 1. Control group, 2. Quinolinic acid (55 µg/100 g body weight), 3. Ksheerabala (15 µL/100 g body weight), 4. Ksheerabala (15 µL/100 g body weight) + Quinolinic acid (55 µg/100 g body weight). At the end of the experimental period, levels of lipid peroxidation products, protein carbonyls, and activities of scavenging enzymes were analyzed. The results revealed that quinolinic acid intake caused enhanced lipid and protein peroxidation as evidenced by increased levels of peroxidation products such as malondialdehyde, hydroperoxide, conjugated dienes, and protein carbonyls. On the other hand, the activities of scavenging enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase as well as the concentration of glutathione were reduced. On coadminstration of Ksheerabala along with quinolinic acid, the levels of all the biochemical parameters were restored to near-normal levels, indicating the protective effect of the drug. These results were reinforced by histopathological studies

Solid Waste Management and Environmental Sustainability

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p><p>Sustainable development is thought to be directly related to waste management. This essay emphasises how outmoded are the conventional methods of recycling and disposing of waste. It is extremely difficult for many developing and emerging nations to upgrade their insufficient and unsustainable waste management systems. Pollution of the soil, air, and water remains a threat to sustainable growth. The article stressed the need to stop disposing of waste in unmanaged landfills and residential areas. In order to address waste disposal issues, the current study has established a waste management hierarchy.  The writers also discuss the advantages of using sustainable waste management techniques as well as difficulties associated with disposing of waste. It is determined that choosing sustainable waste management is a wise move.</p&gt