A PRESPECTIVE STUDY ON APOBEC PROTEIN FAMILY

Apobec is an apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like" is a family of deaminases. It has two types of APOBEC enzymes n-terminal of apobec enzyme and C-terminal of APOBEC enzyme. N-terminal domain is catalytic domain and C-terminal domain is a pseudo catalytic domain. Pathogen and cellular genome undergo mutation by human DNA cytosine to uracil deaminases. Three subtypes of APOBEC3D. APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G and APOBEC3H restrict human deficiency virus-1. Two APOBEC enzymes are the sources of somatic mutagenesis in cancer cells that drive tumor evolution and manifest clinically as theraphy resistance. This review of the APOBEC family will focus on an open question in regulation, namely what role the interactions of these proteins with RNA have in editing substrate recognition or allosteric regulation of DNA mutagenic and host-defense activities

MICROWAVE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF TETRAHYDROPYRMIDINE AND IN SILICO SCREENING OF ANTIDIABETIC DRUG

Objective: To detect the microwave-assisted synthesis of Tetrahydropyrimidine derivative and its molecular docking studies for Diabetes. Methods: The Bignelli condensation method was used for Tetrahydropyrimidine derivative synthesis. The docking studies made in Argus Lab software. Results: The Tetrahydropyrimidine is synthesized using the microwave. The Tetrahydropyrimidine derivative is found to be attack the insulin receptor, as it the tendency of binding with insulin receptor showed in Argus lab. Further, the good binding site of Tetrahydropyrimidine derivative with insulin receptor was predicted. Conclusion: From the research work, The Tetrahydropyrimidine derivative shows its affinity to bind with the insulin receptor. The binding value is averagely 7 which indicates it can attraction with the receptor, so it can control Diabetic mellitus by altering insulin secretion in blood plasma

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA AND PLECTRANTHUS AMBOINICUS EXTRACT

Objective: In the present research, a clear systematic investigation of phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of herbal plants such as Azadirachta indica and Plectranthus amboinicus has been carried out. Methods: The aqueous and alcoholic extract was prepared in soxhlet apparatus and phytochemical analysis of extracts was performed and analysed. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by cup plate method. These extracts were studied under agar diffusion method against three bacterial species such as Bacillussubtills, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli at 5µg, 50 µg and 250 µg concentration. Results: The combine extract showed a predominant activity against these bacteria, which confirmed antimicrobial activity in AEAI and AEPA Conclusion: The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that AEAI and AEPA has a significant potential to use as an antimicrobial agen

SCREENING OF MULTI BIOACTIVE METABOLITES PRODUCING MICROORGANISMFROM GARDEN SOIL OF DR. M. G. R EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE, CHENNAI

Objective: Screening of industrial important bioactive metabolites of Antibiotics, hydrolytic enzymes producing microorganism from garden soil of Dr. M. G. R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai. Methods: Desired ten soil samples taken and were serially diluted. Crowded plate method used for antibiotic-producing microorganism and Starch agar medium and gelatin medium tests were performed for hydrolytic enzymes (Amylase and Gelatinase). Results: Among the tested soil samples, antibiotic producing microorganisms were not found, but has hydrolytic enzymes amylase and gelatinase. Thus screened soil samples biochemically identified as Bacillus species. Conclusion: This study concludes that, the collected sample, produced Antibiotic negative result and it’s possess other industrial important hydrolytic enzymes. Thus Screening of more bioactive metabolites producing ability from a single isolate, will be more useful for effective screening

DEVELOPMENT OF NANOPARTICULATE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FROM MARINE SOURCE AGAINST HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS: MARINE STUDY

Objective: Nanotechnology techniques are a creation and exploitation of materials, devices, and systems through the control of matter on the nanometer length scale, i.e., involvement of atoms, molecules, and supramolecular structures. Every existing treatment modalities against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) offer a marginal increase in the life expectancy as chitosan was converted to its derivative aminoethyl chitosan by chemical method evaluated for anti-HIV activity. Methods: Isolation of chitosan from crab shell by chemical method involves four basic steps; protein separation, calcium carbonate separation, deproteinization, and demineralization. Results: The results revealed the anti-HIV activity of the prepared nanoparticulate system. Cytotoxicity assay of the nanoparticulate system was carried out and the cytotoxic concentration 50% (CC50) value was found to be 38.07±1.42 μg/ml, indicating that the nanoparticulate system is not cytotoxic. HIV-1 infection inhibition assay was carried out and the nanoparticulate system showed excellent inhibitory activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 3.75±0.57 μg/ml. Conclusions: It concludes, the CC50 and inhibitory concentration 50% IC50 values, the selectivity index of the nanoparticle was found to be 17.65 compared to the standard drug nevirapine (82.32), indicating the usefulness of the formulated nanoparticulate system as potential anti-HIV agent