The Effect of Leadership Commitment and Integrity on the Effectiveness of Education Bimas Catholic North Sulawesi Province - Indonesia

This research aimed to describe and analyze: 1) the effect of leadership commitment toward the effectiveness of BIMAS Catholic North Sulawesi, 2) the effect of integrity toward the effectiveness of BIMAS Catholic North Sulawesi, and 3) the effect of leadership commitment and integrity simultaneously toward the effectiveness of BIMAS Catholic North Sulawesi.Survey method was implemented with qualitative approach. Population unit were 92 employees. Research sample were 48 which randomly selected from 92. Questionnaire with Likert scale was the technique used to collect the data. Testing the hypothesis were using simple and multiple correlation analysis.The result of data analysis showed that: 1) there was effect of leadership commitment toward the effectiveness of BIMAS Catholic North Sulawesi, 2) there was effect of integrity toward the effectiveness of BIMAS Catholic North Sulawesi, and 3) there was effect of leadership commitment and integrity simultaneously toward the effectiveness of BIMAS Catholic North Sulawesi. Based on these conclusion, it could be recommended that: 1) the selection of Catholic BIMAS leaders in the regions needs to consider the level of commitment of their prospective leaders so that in their leadership they will receive support from all stakeholders, 2) Providing flexibility for employees, extension workers, supervisors and other stakeholders to express and create so that they can explore the potential within themselves so that the expected goals can be achieved. Keywords: Leadership Commitment, Integrity, Effectiveness. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-15-03 Publication date:May 31st 201

Concentration quenching of luminescence lifetime in ytterbium-doped potassium double tungstate waveguide amplifiers

Integrated optical amplifiers employing ytterbium-doped potassium double tungstates exhibit an ultra-high peak gain exceeding 1000 dB/cm, in addition to a broad gain of up to 150 dB/cm over a 55-nm wavelength range. Here we report a study of the luminescence lifetime in samples spanning a broad range of dopant concentrations (1.2−57.5 at.%). By use of the pinhole method, elongation of the luminescence lifetime due to radiation trapping is avoided, providing a more accurate analysis of concentration quenching of the luminescence lifetime, which directly influences the waveguide amplifier performance and can, in principle, inhibit scaling of the gain with increasing dopant concentration

Highly Yb-doped KGd(WO₄)₂ thin-film amplifier

We report record-high small-signal gain of 1050 dB/cm at 981 nm wavelength in a KGd0.425Yb0.575(WO4)2 thin film. The sensitivity of gain to the shift of beam-focus position, which is critical under non-waveguiding conditions, is investigated

Smoking a dangerous addiction: A systematic review on an underrated risk factor for oral diseases

Despite growing knowledge of the adverse effects of cigarette smoking on general health, smoking is one of the most widely prevalent addictions around the world. Globally, about 1.1 billion smokers and over 8 million people die each year because of cigarette smoking. Smoking acts as a source for a variety of oral and systemic diseases. Various periodontal issues such as increased pocket depth, loss of alveolar bone, tooth mobility, oral lesions, ulcerations, halitosis, and stained teeth are more common among smokers. This systematic review was conducted according to the guidelines from PRISMA, and research articles were retrieved from the Web database sources on 31 May 2021. The quality of research articles was ensured by the type of evidence from combined schema incorporating as schema-13 evidence type description, Cochrane health promotion and public health field (CHPPHF), and the health gains notation framework-14 screening question for quality assessment of qualitative and quantitative studies. Smokers have been found to have bleeding on probing, periodontal pockets, and clinical attachment loss compared to nonsmokers. Oral and respiratory cancers are among the most lethal known diseases caused by cigarette smoking and other commonly occurring sequelae such as stained teeth, periodontal diseases, etc

Direct confocal lifetime measurements on rare-earth-doped media exhibiting radiation trapping

Radiation trapping occurs in rare-earth-doped active media with strong spectral overlap of luminescence and ground-state absorption. It is demonstrated experimentally that a confocal measurement mitigates the influence of radiation trapping on the measured luminescence lifetime, hence allowing for direct extraction of the lifetime from the measured decay curves. The radiation trapping effect is largely suppressed by probing a small sample volume and rejecting the photons reemitted from the unpumped region. This non-destructive measurement method is applied to ytterbium (Yb3+) activated potassium double tungstate crystalline layers with Yb3+ concentrations ranging from 1.2 at.% up to 76 at.% (~8 × 1019 – 5 × 1021 cm−3). The measured lifetime values are comparable to the results reported for Yb3+-doped potassium double tungstate powder diluted in liquid

Temperature-dependent absorption and emission of potassium double tungstates with high ytterbium content

We study the spectroscopic properties of thin films of potassium ytterbium gadolinium double tungstates, KYb0.57Gd0.43(WO4)2, and potassium ytterbium lutetium double tungstates, KYb0.76Lu0.24(WO4)2, specifically at the central absorption line near 981 nm wavelength, which is important for amplifiers and lasers. The absorption cross-section of both thin films is found to be similar to those of bulk potassium rare-earth double tungstates, suggesting that the crystalline layers retain their spectroscopic properties albeit having >50 at.% Yb3+ concentration. The influence of sample temperature is investigated and found to substantially affect the measured absorption cross-section. Since amplifiers and lasers typically operate above room temperature due to pump-induced heating, the temperature dependence of the peak-absorption cross-section of the KYb0.57Gd0.43(WO4)2 is evaluated for the sample being heated from 20 °C to 170 °C, resulting in a measured reduction of peak-absorption cross-section at the transitions near 933 nm and 981 nm by ~40% and ~52%, respectively. It is shown that two effects, the change of Stark-level population and linewidth broadening due to intra-manifold relaxation induced by temperature-dependent electron-phonon interaction, contribute to the observed behavior. The effective emission cross-sections versus temperature have been calculated. Luminescence-decay measurements show no significant dependence of the luminescence lifetime on temperature

Transfer of K-types on local theta lifts of characters and unitary lowest weight modules

In this paper we study representations of the indefinite orthogonal group O(n,m) which are local theta lifts of one dimensional characters or unitary lowest weight modules of the double covers of the symplectic groups. We apply the transfer of K-types on these representations of O(n,m), and we study their effects on the dual pair correspondences. These results provide examples that the theta lifting is compatible with the transfer of K-types. Finally we will use these results to study subquotients of some cohomologically induced modules