Social assessment of the impact of oil exploitation on lives of inhabitants and the environment

This article presents the results of surveys carried out in the framework of the MUSE project in order to gain knowledge and obtain assessment of the impact of oil exploitation on the lives of the inhabitants of certain regions and on the environment. The survey was conducted in Krosno, Jedlicz and Rymanów (SE Poland). In this area, since the nineteenth century, there are o lot of crude oil mines and many local people are employed at its exploitation. Current condition of the environment and the negative effects of pollution and its causes were assessed by the local community. Within the framework of the conducted study, particular attention was paid to assessing the impact of oil exploitation on the environment and human health. Respondents also pointed to environmental elements that have gone under the greatest transformation in connection with the exploitation of crude oil

Differential Gain in InGaAsN/GaAs Double Quantum Well Structures by Numerical Simulations

We performed numerical studies of differential gain in a coupled quantum well structures built from InGaAsN. Differential gain in In0.38Ga0.62As1_yNy/GaAs quantum well structures was determined and analyzed. A 10-band k_p Hamiltonian matrix was used in the calculations and solved self-consistently with Poisson's equation. The effect of Nitrogen composition and barrier thickness on differential gain has been determined. The influence of Nitrogen composition on differential gain is significant whereas barrier effects are modest

Social acceptance for CO2-EOR and CCS projects based on survey conducted in southeastern Poland

This paper presents the results of a survey on the public acceptance of CO2-EOR and CCS methods. The survey has been conducted in southeastern Poland, on a sample of people living in the Carpathian region (Krosno, Jedlicze, Rymanów). Existing local reservoirs are taken into account of the possibility of enhanced oil recovery by injecting carbon dioxide. A survey has been done within the MUSE project to determine the impact of oil on the surrounding environment and the level of knowledge, perception and acceptance of CCS and CO2-EOR methods. As appeared from the survey, public acceptance development of the oil industry in Poland is quite positive. Respondents recognize the need to use modern technologies such as CO2-EOR and CCS to fulfill this task. A significant number of respondents show limited awareness (or lack of it) regarding these technologies. Public acceptance largely depends on the level of knowledge regarding the technology. One of the main directions of work undertaken prior to the implementation of industrial installations using technologies of CO2-EOR and CCS should be gaining the acceptance of the local community

Problems with geothermal wells workover on the example of well Biały Dunajec PAN-1

W artykule omówiono przyczyny oraz zakres rekonstrukcji odwiertów geotermalnych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem korozji stalowych elementów wyposażenia wgłębnego oraz powstawania osadów solnych i polimetalicznych na ściankach rur, bądź też w skałach zbiornikowych strefy przyodwiertowej. Przeanalizowano sposób rekonstrukcji odwiertu Biały Dunajec PAN-1, spowodowanej uszkodzeniem kolumny eksploatacyjnej na skutek korozji.The article discusses the causes and extent of the geothermal wells reconstruction, with particular regard to steel equipment components corrosion and the salt and polymetallic sediment formed on the casing, or in reservoir skin rocks. Analyzed a Biały Dunajec PAN-1 borehole reconstructions, caused by production casing damage due to corrosion

A balanced optical interferometric sensor with a wavelength-dependent offset

A Mach-Zehnder interferometer with dissimilar arms in the form of buried-rib and ARROW waveguides is considered. The interferometer has a wavelength-dependent offset because of diferent chromatic dispersion in the two arms. This feature makes it possible to build a balanced interferometric sensor with negligible temperature sensitivity but in which the offset due to an external stimulus can still be determined by varying the wavelength of the source. Dispersion calculations for this interferometer are presented with a possible construction design.NRC publication: Ye

Soil contamination by petroleum substances in the vicinity of oil production wells

The paper presents the study of various indicators of soil contamination by petroleum substances from the area of active exploitation of oil deposits in the south of Poland. Nineteen studied soil samples were taken directly around the production wells (0–1 m) or their vicinity (1–7 m) at a depth of 0.1 to 0.3 m. Collected samples were tested for the presence of benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene and benzo(g,h,i)perylene. An analysis of the content of these chemical compounds in the soil samples was performed by gas chromatography. The observed results were interpreted to determine the hazard for the natural environment and human health. The evaluation of soil samples was based on the new Regulation of the Ministry of Environment of 1 September 2016 regarding the assessment of contamination of the surface of the earth (Journal of Laws 2016 Nr 0, item 1395) as well as guidelines presented by the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation (ISSPC)

Assessment of social acceptance of oil industry in Poland

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w celu poznania oceny społecznej akceptacji przemysłu naftowego w Polsce. Ankieta została przeprowadzona w południowej części województwa podkarpackiego (w Krośnie, Jedliczu i Rymanowie), gdzie od wielu lat funkcjonuje przemysł naftowy. Zbadano ogólny stan wiedzy respondentów w zakresie zagadnień związanych z przemysłem naftowym. Ocenie poddano odbiór społeczny wpływu działań przemysłu naftowego na życie ludzi oraz na środowisko przyrodnicze. Istniejące w obrębie badań złoża ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego brane są pod uwagę przy możliwości intensyfikacji wydobycia ropy naftowej poprzez zatłaczanie dwutlenku węgla (CO2-EOR) z jednoczesną jego sekwestracją w złożu (CCS). W związku z powyższym, szczególną uwagę zwrócono na postrzeganie oraz akceptację przez społeczność lokalną wspomnianych technologii. Zaobserwowano, że badana społeczność w znacznej części deklaruje brak wiedzy w obrębie poruszanych zagadnień. Brak akceptacji społecznej w dużej mierze wynika z obawy przed nieznanym i może prowadzić do utrudnień w realizacji nowych inwestycji związanych z działalnością przemysłu naftowego. W związku z tym stwierdzono, że edukacja społeczeństwa w zakresie wspomnianej tematyki jest konieczna, ponieważ ma bezpośredni wpływ na postrzeganie oraz akceptację działań prowadzonych przez przemysł naftowy.The article presents the results of a survey carried out in the framework of the project MUSE in order to examine the assessment of social acceptance of the oil industry in Poland. The survey was conducted in the part of southern Sub-Carpathian region (in Krosno, Jedlicz and Rymanów), where the oil industry has been operating for many years. The respondents’ knowledge on issues related to the oil industry was exmained. Public perception of the impact of the oil industry on the lives of people and the environment was evaluated. Oil and natural gas fields existing within the field of research were taken into consideration when the possibility of enhancing oil recovery by injecting carbon dioxide (CO2-EOR) with its simultaneous sequence in the bed was concerned (CCS). Therefore, special attention was paid to social perception and acceptance of the above mentioned technologies. It has been observed that respondents of the survey largely declare a lack of knowledge on the issues discussed. The lack of social acceptance is largely due to the fear of the unknown and can lead to the appearance of difficulties in the implementation of new projects related to the activities of the oil industry. Therefore, it was found that it is necessary to educate the public on the subject, because it has a direct impact on the perception and acceptance of the activities of the oil industry

Characterization of Effective Masses and Optical Gain in Strained Quantum-Well Lasers

Valence-band structures, hole effective masses and optical gain have been calculated for strained-layer quantum-well laser structures. Results show a logarithmic relation between the peak optical gain and carrier concentration for all possible material compositions of the quaternary system