Quantum gate using qubit states separated by terahertz

A two-qubit quantum gate is realized using electronic excited states in a single ion with an energy separation on the order of a terahertz times the Planck constant as a qubit. Two phase locked lasers are used to excite a stimulated Raman transition between two metastable states $D_{3/2}$ and $D_{5/2}$ separated by 1.82 THz in a single trapped $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ion to construct a qubit, which is used as the target bit for the Cirac-Zoller two-qubit controlled NOT gate. Quantum dynamics conditioned on a motional qubit is clearly observed as a fringe reversal in Ramsey interferometry.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Hydration of Single Crystals of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine

Optical birefringence and x-ray measurements are reported for single crystals $(0.5 mm \times 2 mm \times 5 \mu m)$ of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine as a function of temperature and relative humidity. Large single crystals grown in $CHCl_3$/acetone at a low water concentration undergo an irreversible phase transformation at $20^{\circ}C$ and 70% relative humidity or at $60^{\circ}C$ and 65% relative humidity. After this transformation occurs, the crystals can be made to undergo a reversible transformation into and out of the $L_{\alpha}$ phase. The x-ray-determined mosaic spread in the hydrated crystal is less than $\approx 0.04^{\circ}$ both above and below the main transition.Engineering and Applied Science

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REDUCED OF MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL ARCH HEIGHT AND KNEE VALGUS

Knee valgus during jump landing is considered to be one of the situations that may cause injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Decreased muscle torque during hip abduction is also reported to be a causative factor for knee valgus, as is pronation of the ankle joint (Joseph M et al. 2008). Further, knee valgus may occur when a reduction in the height of the medial longitudinal arch causes ankle pronation, leading to tibial inclination angle to the inside. In this study, motion analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between a reduction in the height of the medial longitudinal arch and knee valgus

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSCULAR OUTPUTS AND THE HORIZONTAL PERTURBATION IN THE EARLY PHASE OF BENCH PRESS MOVEMENT UNDER STABLE AND UNSTABLE CONDITIONS

We demonstrated the relationship between the change rates of muscular outputs and horizontal perturbation under stable and unstable conditions in dynamic bench press movement. Twenty-seven male collegiate athletes attended the study. We used a tri-axis accelerometer attached to the barbell shaft to obtain the acceleration data in the bench press and computed peak force output, rate of force development (RFD), and horizontal acceleration trajectory length for 0.2 seconds after the initiation. Significant reduction was found in the peak force output and RFD under stable and unstable conditions, but not in the horizontal acceleration trajectory length. Significant correlation was found between the change rate of RFD and the horizontal acceleration trajectory length under stable and unstable conditions (r=0.55,

Generation of Dicke states using adiabatic passage

Entangled states of two ions are realized by using an adiabatic process. Based on the proposal by Linington and Vitanov, we have generated Dicke states in optical qubits of two $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ions by applying frequency-chirped optical pulses with time-dependent envelopes to perform rapid adiabatic passage on sideband transitions. One of the biggest advantages of adiabatic approaches is their robustness against variations in experimental parameters, which is verified by performing experiments for different pulse widths or peak Rabi frequencies. Fidelities exceeding 0.5, which is the threshold for inseparable states, are obtained over wide ranges of parameter values

THE DIFFERENCE OF THE BALANCE ABILITIY BETWEEN THE FUNCTIONAL ANKLE INSTABILITY AND HEALTHY SUBJECTS

Ankle inversion sprains are one of the most common injuries occurring in sports activities. Repeated ankle sprains may lead to chronic ankle instability. In order to prevent the occurrence of ankle instability, it is necessary to understand the difference in the physiological characteristics of the subjects who have chronic ankle instability and those who do not. However, there is little known about the differences between the two. It has been reported that there are two types of ankle instability: mechanical ankle instability (MAI) and functional ankle instability (FAI) which is the disability to which patients refer when they say that their foot tends to “giving way”. In this study, we have attempted to uncover the difference in the center of pressure (COP) and muscle activities during a single leg standing between FAI subjects and healthy subjects with or without an ankle brace