Glycochimie Des polymères à la biocatalyse

National audienceExtending the range of bio-based products using processes that have a lower impact on the environment is currently one of the major challenges for our societies. The variety of marine polysaccharides combined with that of lipids offers the opportunity to create a great diversity of glycolipids whose physicochemical and biological properties are tuned for applications in health/well-being and plant health. In this context, examples of synthesis of new amphiphilic compounds derived from ulvans, alginates and b-(1,3)-glucans, according to reactions without solvent or in water, catalyzed by biocompatible acids, are described. These compounds have been developed for their surfactant, gelling properties or as plant bioprotectors. These sustainable chemistry approaches have been more recently supplemented by development in biocatalysis, with in particular the use of enzymes suitable for producing glycolipids or polymers, but also rare glycoconjugates, the latter being obtained using biocatalysts to specifically recognizing furanosidic sugars