cis-Bis(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)bis­(dimethyl sulfoxide-κO)zinc bis­(tetra­phenyl­borate) dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate

In the mononuclear title complex, [Zn(C10H8N2)2(C2H6OS)2](C24H20B)2·C2H6OS, the ZnII ion is coordinated by four N atoms of two bidentate 2,2′-bipyridine mol­ecules and by the O atoms of two cis-disposed dimethyl sulfoxide mol­ecules in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The S atom and the methyl groups of one of the coordinated dimethyl sulfoxide mol­ecules are disordered in a 0.509 (2):0.491 (2) ratio. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the dimethyl sulfoxide solvent mol­ecules and tetra­phenyl­borate anions

Children’s perspectives on scale response options of subjective well-being measures: A comparison between numerical and verbal-response formats

It is crucial to establish the validity of existing measures of children’s subjective well-being (SWB) for use within specific contexts. Two important measurement issues that implicate the validly of SWB scales are ‘question framing’ and ‘response options’. Fundamental to the latter is the concept of scale granularity, which refers to the number of response options imposed on a scale. However, the majority of studies on the topic have used adult and not child samples. The overarching aim of the study was to explore how children from three different contexts (Catalonia, Cape Town and North-Western Romania) perceive, understand, and make sense of SWB instruments, using focus group interviews and thematic analysis. A key finding of the study was the similarities in children’s understandings of the response options across these contexts. While this does not represent a claim for a ‘universal understanding’ of measurement scale response formats, it is suggesting that there are similar cognitive processes that children across the contexts apply when making sense of and deciding on which response option to endorse (for both verbal and numerical formats)

Children’s subjective well-being: Multi-group analysis among a sample of children from two socio-economic status groups in the Western Cape, South Africa

Recent advancements in child well-being research have shown an increased importance of subjective well-being in understanding children and adolescents’ quality of life. These advancements have raised questions concerning the extent to which children’s subjective perceptions and experiences of well-being can be compared between countries and across diverse cultures. With a dearth of empirical data on cross-cultural comparisons, the validation of existing measures and cross-cultural comparisons have been identified by a number of researchers as critical in contributing to this process, and ultimately to the international dialogue on children’s overall quality of life. The aim of the current study was to test two measures of subjective well-being (the Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale and the Personal Well-Being Index-School Children) among a sample of children in the Western Cape region of South Africa. Noting the diversity of living experiences between children from different socio-economic status groups in South Africa, the study further aimed to determine the extent to which the measures are comparable across socio-economic status groups. Data from the first wave of the Children’s World Survey were used; and included a sample of 1004 12 year old children randomly selected from 15 schools within the Cape Town Metropole. Located within the goodness of fit theoretical framework, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling was used to test the overall fit structure; while multi-group factor analysis was used to test measurement invariance across socio-economic status groups. The results show appropriate fit structure for the overall model, with metric and scalar factor invariance tenable across socio-economic status groups. The overall findings suggest that the two measures are appropriate for use with children from low and middle socio-economic status groups in the Western Cape province of South Africa and that the two groups can be compared by correlations, regressions and means.IS

Examination of the Subjective Well-Being of Australian Internet Child Exploitation Investigators

Objective Internet child exploitation investigation is an area of policing associated with high levels of work stress, potentially contributing to the development of mental and other health‐related problems. This study extends prior research suggesting that child abuse investigation officers have normal levels of life satisfaction using a well‐validated and more robust measure of subjective well‐being. Method The Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) was self‐completed by a representative sub‐sample of Australian police officers (N = 139) who work in a confronting and challenging area of child abuse investigation (Internet child exploitation). Their data were compared to a comparative sample of 102 non‐Internet child exploitation police officers and participants of the first 28 surveys of the Australian Unity Wellbeing Index (N = 55,697). Results Consistent with previous research, mean subjective well‐being for Internet child exploitation officers was above the Australian adult normative range and comparable to the control group of non‐child abuse police investigators. Analysis of domain‐based satisfaction judgments comprising the PWI revealed that satisfaction with “Relationships” and “Achieving in Life” contributed more variance to the prediction of life satisfaction than in the comparative mainstream Australian sample. Conclusion Australian police officers who work in Internet child exploitation investigation have a higher‐than‐normal level of subjective well‐being. These results attest to the resilience of these investigators in their ability to withstand the confronting nature of their work and handling potentially significant sources of negative workplace stress. The results also highlight the importance role that organisational and informal social support plays in facilitating this resilience.No Full Tex

NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT FOR DISLOCATION LOOPS WITH A CERTAIN ORIENTATION

Approximation formulas for the calculation of extinction coefficients in a wide range of radii and concentrations of dislocation loops oriented in certain directions were obtained. It was shown that received expressions make it possible to quickly calculate with satisfactory accuracy the angular dependence of extinction coefficient and speed up the calculation of theoretical rocking curves

Towards a health promoting university: descriptive findings on health, wellbeing and academic performance amongst university students in Australia

Abstract Background Universities are increasingly recognised as institutions where health and wellbeing can be promoted to maximise academic outcomes, career transitions, and lifelong positive health behaviours. There is concern about the mental health of university students and other factors which affect academic outcomes particularly for subgroups such as international students. There are few cohort studies of the breadth of issues that can impact on mental health and academic outcomes for both local and international students. We conducted a baseline prevalence survey of students at a large Australian university covering health, academic, and social determinants of wellbeing. The purpose was to inform the university’s new student health and wellbeing framework with a view to follow-up to determine predictors of mental ill-health and academic outcomes in the subsequent year. In this paper we present the baseline prevalence data and report on selected mental health and health care access issues for local and international students. Methods The entire university population as of April 2019 of over 56,375 students aged 18 or above were invited to complete the online survey. Questions explored eight domains: demographic characteristics, general health and wellbeing, mental health, risk taking behaviours, psychosocial stressors, learning and academic factors, social and cultural environment, and awareness of and access to health and wellbeing services. Records of academic results were also accessed and matched with survey data for a large subset of students providing consent. Results Fourteen thousand eight hundred eighty (26.4%) students commenced our survey and were representative of the entire student population on demographic characteristics. Three quarters were aged between 18 to 25 years and one third were international students. Eighty-five percent consented to access of their academic records. Similar proportions of local and international students experienced symptoms of a depression or anxiety disorder, however international students were less aware of and less likely to access available health services both inside and external to the university. We also reported on the prevalence of: general lifestyle factors (diet, exercise, amount of daily sleep); risk-taking behaviours (including alcohol, tobacco and other drug use; unprotected sexual activity); psychosocial stressors (financial, intimate partner violence, discrimination, academic stressors, acculturative stress); subjects failed; resilience; social supports; social media use; and health services accessed online. Conclusions This rigorous and comprehensive examination of the health status of local and international students in an Australian university student population establishes the prevalence of mental health issues and other psychosocial determinants of health and wellbeing, along with academic performance. This study will inform a university-wide student wellbeing framework to guide health and wellbeing promotion and is a baseline for a 12-month follow-up of the cohort in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic