Forced oscillation detection amid communication uncertainties

This article proposes a novel technique for the detection of forced oscillation (FO) in a power system with the uncertainty in the measured signals. The impacts of communication uncertainties on measured signals are theoretically investigated based on the mathematical models developed in this article. A data recovery method is proposed and applied to reconstruct the signal under the effects of communication losses. The proposed FO detection with communication uncertainties is evaluated in the modified 14-machine Southeast Australian power system. A rigorous comparative analysis is made to validate the effectiveness of the proposed data recovery and FO detection methods

Sex Differences in Translocator Protein 18 kDa (TSPO) in the Heart: Implications for Imaging Myocardial Inflammation

Myocarditis is more severe in men than women and difficult to diagnose due to a lack of imaging modalities that directly detect myocardial inflammation. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is used extensively to image brain inflammation due to its presence in CD11b(+) brain microglia. In this study we examined expression of TSPO and CD11b in mice with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) myocarditis and biopsy sections from myocarditis patients in order to determine if it could be used to image myocarditis. We found that male mice with CVB3 myocarditis upregulated more genes associated with TSPO activation than females. TSPO expression was increased in the heart of male mice and men with myocarditis compared to females due to testosterone, where it was expressed predominantly in CD11b(+) immune cells. We show that TSPO ligands detect myocardial inflammation using microSPECT, with increased uptake of [(125)I]-IodoDPA-713 in male mice with CVB3 myocarditis compared to undiseased controls