52 research outputs found
Universal Behaviors as Candidate Traditions in Wild Spider Monkeys
Candidate traditions were documented across three communities of wild spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) using an a priori approach to identify behavioral variants and a statistical approach to examine differences in their proportional use. This methodology differs from previous studies of animal traditions, which used retrospective data and relied on the âexclusion methodâ to identify candidate traditions. Our a priori approach increased the likelihood that behavior variants with equivalent functions were considered and our statistical approach enabled the proportional use of âuniversalâ behaviors, i.e., used across all communities, to be examined for the first time in any animal species as candidate traditions. Among universal behaviors we found 14 âcommunity preferredâ variants. After considering the extent to which community preferred variants were due to ecological and, to a lesser degree, genetic differences, we concluded that at least six were likely maintained through social learning. Our findings have two main implications: (i) tradition repertoires could be larger than assumed from previous studies using the exclusion method; (ii) the relative use of universal behavior variants can reinforce community membership
Innovative nanocrystal-based technologies for ceramic devices with novel electronic functions
Data Management for Fingerprint Recognition Algorithm Based on Characteristic Pointsâ Groups
Fabrication and optical reflection behavior of a two-dimensional barium titanate ceramic photonic crystal
Characterization of barium titanate nanoparticles and dense nanograin free-standing films via sol-gel method using highly concentrated alkoxide solution
Fluorescence-Based High Throughput Screening for Noble Metal-Free and Platinum-Poor Anode Catalysts for the Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
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