Limited Choices: How the School-Choice Paradigm Subverts Equal Education for Students with Disabilities

While there is no absolute right to education in the Constitution of the United States, legislation and litigation have created and elucidated specific rights of children to, at a minimum, equal opportunity in education. For students with disabilities, the right to equality in educational opportunity can be found in both federal statutes and under the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. Rapidly developing education policy currently promotes increasing options for parents to use federal and state funds to send their children to schools other than their neighborhood public schools (“school choice”). However, the specific rights of students with disabilities have been largely overlooked. This Article will explain the ways in which school-choice laws and the rights of students with disabilities overlap and interact, expose gaps that leave students with disabilities vulnerable, and suggest actions that legislators and litigators can take to mitigate that vulnerability and ensure equal opportunity in education

Ergodicity from Nonergodicity in Quantum Correlations of Low-dimensional Spin Systems

Correlations between the parts of a many-body system, and its time dynamics, lie at the heart of sciences, and they can be classical as well as quantum. Quantum correlations are traditionally viewed as constituted out of classical correlations and magnetizations. While that of course remains so, we show that quantum correlations can have statistical mechanical properties like ergodicity, which is not inherited from the corresponding classical correlations and magnetizations, for the transverse anisotropic quantum XY model in one-, two-, and quasi two-dimension, for suitably chosen transverse fields and temperatures. The results have the potential for applications in decoherence effects in realizable quantum computers.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX 4.

Introduction

This issue of Library Trends, on the theme of Research Into Practice, has been designed with two aims in mind. Published in 2013, it marks the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Information School (iSchool) at the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom by presenting a selection of papers that demonstrate the creativity and variety of research undertaken in the field of librarianship and share a unifying concern to make links, as well as establish meaningful connections, between research and practice. The issue is dedicated to Bob Usherwood, now an emeritus professor in the school, whose work and legacy at Sheffield are distinguished by an exemplary commitment to putting research into practice, and it is especially pleasing for us to be able offer this tribute to Bob in the year when he is due to celebrate his seventieth birthday. We also believe that an issue on this theme is timely and important for our profession. There has been a strong drive lately to promote evidence-based practice in library and information work and to develop a research culture in the practitioner community, exemplified in the United Kingdom by the DREaM project, amid continuing concerns about the disconnect between the research and practitioner communities

Remark about Non-BPS D-Brane in Type IIA Theory

In this paper we would like to show simple mechanisms how from the action for non-BPS D-brane we can obtain action describing BPS D(p-1)-brane in Type IIA theory.Comment: 13 pages, completely rewritten pape

Dissipative Fluid in Brans Dicke theory and late time acceleration

We have investigated the possibility of having a late time accelerated expansion phase for the universe. We have used a dissipative fluid in Brans-Dicke(BD) theory for this purpose. The model does not involve any potential for the BD scalar field. We have obtained the best fit values for the different parameters in our model by comparing our model predictions with SNIa data and the also with the data from the ultra-compact radio sources.Comment: 5 pages, RevTex Style two eps figures, Conclusion section has been rewritten,new references have been added and also new constraints for the parameter \omega has been given. Accepted for publication in Physical Review

Time and Tachyon

Recent analysis suggests that the classical dynamics of a tachyon on an unstable D-brane is described by a scalar Born-Infeld type action with a runaway potential. The classical configurations in this theory at late time are in one to one correspondence with the configuration of a system of non-interacting (incoherent), non-rotating dust. We discuss some aspects of canonical quantization of this field theory coupled to gravity, and explore, following earlier work on this subject, the possibility of using the scalar field (tachyon) as the definition of time in quantum cosmology. At late `time' we can identify a subsector in which the scalar field decouples from gravity and we recover the usual Wheeler - de Witt equation of quantum gravity.Comment: LaTeX file, 24 page

Local indistinguishability: more nonlocality with less entanglement

We provide a first operational method for checking indistinguishability of orthogonal states by local operations and classical communication (LOCC). This method originates from the one introduced by Ghosh et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 5807 (2001) (quant-ph/0106148)), though we deal with pure states. We apply our method to show that an arbitrary complete multipartite orthogonal basis is indistinguishable by LOCC, if it contains at least one entangled state. We also show that probabilistic local distinguishing is possible for full basis if and only if all vectors are product. We employ our method to prove local indistinguishability in an example with sets of pure states of 3X3, which shows that one can have ``more nonlocality with less entanglement'', where ``more nonlocality'' is in the sense of ``increased local indistinguishability of orthogonal states''. This example also provides, to our knowledge, the only known example where d orthogonal states in dXd are locally indistinguishable.Comment: 4 pages, no figures, RevTeX4, partially supersedes quant-ph/0204116, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let