The biological activities and phytochemical content of Ferulago humulis Boiss.

728-735Ferulago humulis Boiss. is an endemic species growing in Turkey. The aim of the study was to compare in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the aerial parts (HFH) and rhizomes (RFH) of F. humulis. According to the results of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the extracts obtained from different parts of the plant, their phytochemical contents were evaluated. Petroleum ether (HFH-PE; RFH-PE), dichloromethane (HFH-DM; RFH-DM) and methanol (HFH-ME; RFH-ME) extracts from aerial parts (HFH) and rhizomes (RFH) of F. humulis were obtained for antimicrobial activity and examined by the agar hole diffusion and microdilution methods. Chromatographic and spectroscopic (1H NMR, LS-MS and UV) techniques were used for the isolation of coumarin compounds from petroleum ether (RFH-PE) and dichloromethane (RFH-DM) extracts. Furthermore, antioxidant activity were assayed by the 4 different methods in methanol extracts (HFH-ME; RFH-ME). HFH-PE (MIC=6.25 mg/mL), RFH-PE (MIC=12.5 mg/mL) and RFH-DM (MIC=11 mg/mL) extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, and RFH-PE (MIC= 3.125 mg/mL), HFH-PE (MIC=6.25 mg/mL) extracts showed antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis. HFH-PE (MIC=1.56 mg/mL), RFH-PE (MIC= 6.25 mg/mL) extracts exhibited antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis. From the rhizomes of F. humulis isoimperatorin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin, marmesin senecioate and oxypeucedanin hydrate known as furanocoumarins derivatives were isolated

The biological activities and phytochemical content of Ferulago humulis Boiss.

Ferulago humulis Boiss. is an endemic species growing in Turkey. The aim of the study was to compare in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the aerial parts (HFH) and rhizomes (RFH) of F. humulis. According to the results of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the extracts obtained from different parts of the plant, their phytochemical contents were evaluated. Petroleum ether (HFH-PE; RFH-PE), dichloromethane (HFH-DM; RFH-DM) and methanol (HFH-ME; RFH-ME) extracts from aerial parts (HFH) and rhizomes (RFH) of F. humulis were obtained for antimicrobial activity and examined by the agar hole diffusion and microdilution methods. Chromatographic and spectroscopic (1H NMR, LS-MS and UV) techniques were used for the isolation of coumarin compounds from petroleum ether (RFH-PE) and dichloromethane (RFH-DM) extracts. Furthermore, antioxidant activity were assayed by the 4 different methods in methanol extracts (HFH-ME; RFH-ME). HFH-PE (MIC=6.25 mg/mL), RFH-PE (MIC=12.5 mg/mL) and RFH-DM (MIC=11 mg/mL) extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, and RFH-PE (MIC= 3.125 mg/mL), HFH-PE (MIC=6.25 mg/mL) extracts showed antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis. HFH-PE (MIC=1.56 mg/mL), RFH-PE (MIC= 6.25 mg/mL) extracts exhibited antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis. From the rhizomes of F. humulis isoimperatorin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin, marmesin senecioate and oxypeucedanin hydrate known as furanocoumarins derivatives were isolated

Herbal medicines in the pharmacies in Turkey | Türkiye'deki eczanelerde bulunan bitkisel ilaçlar

In this study, pharmacies which is in Turkey in 2012, the Ministry of Health licensed herbal medicines is examined and the active compound in the formulation of a standardized extract of herbal drug or drug preparation are discussed in the preparations. The plant-derived pure compounds (atropine, morphine, ephedrine, etc.) obtained by chemical processes are not herbal medicines. Therefore excluded from this study. In this context, the content of herbal medicines plants used parts, the active compounds, uses of effects are investigated. Examined these plants are Aesculus hippocastanum L., Amygdalus communis L., Allium sativum L., Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (Thea sinensis L.), Capsicum annuum L., Cassia acutifolia Del. (C. angustifolia Vahl.), Centella asiatica L., Cimicifuga racemosa L., Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl., Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Foeniculum vulgare Miller, Ginkgo biloba L., Hamamelis virginiana L., Harpagophytum procumbens DC, Hedera helix L., Lavandula angustifolia Miller, Mentha piperita L., Passiflora incarnata L., Pelargonium sidoides DC., Pinus brutia Tenn., Populus sp., Rheum officinale Baill., Ricinus communis L., Serenoa repens (W. Bart.) Small, Silybum marianum L., Thymus vulgaris L., Triticum aestivum L., Valeriana officinalis L, Vitex agnus-castus L., Vitis vinifera L., Zingiber officinale (Roscoe). As a result, 44 herbal medicines licensed from The Ministry of Health were determined in the pharmacies of Turkey in 2012

Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effect of Alchemilla vulgaris

We aimed to investigate the vascular effects of methanol extract (ME) and aqueous extract (AE) of Alchemilla vulgaris (Rosaceaea). Increasing concentrations of the ME (0.01-10 mg/mL) produced relaxations in noradrenaline (NA: 10(-6) M) and K+ (40mM) precontracted aortas while contractions were obtained with the AE (0.01-10 mg/mL). Responses to the ME were inhibited in the presence of putative inhibitors of endothelial vasodilators or after removal of the endothelium. Pretreatment of aortic rings with the ME (10 mg/mL, 20 min) reduced the maximal contractions to NA and K+, whereas an enhanced contractility was observed with the AE (10 mg/mL, 20 min). Total flavonoid content was higher in the ME than in the AE. Quercetin was determined particularly high in the ME while gallic acid was high in the AE. Our results indicated that the ME of A. vulgaris displays favourable vascular effects via endothelium-dependent mechanisms