Maternal serum βhCG level and uterine artery doppler studies as predictors of pregnancy induced hypertension and intra uterine growth restriction: a prospective study

Background: PIH, a pregnancy-specific disorder, is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide.PIH and fetal growth restriction are important causes of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortility.Methods: Hundred Indian pregnant women in their second trimester (13-20 weeks) and in their late second trimester (24-28 weeks) investigated for their serum β-hCG level and uterine artery Doppler studies respectively, attending OPD/IPD in Sir T. hospital, Bhavnagar from June 2014 to June 2015.Results: There is no clinical significance between parity and occurrence of PIH (p=0.2) and FGR (p=0.7). Out of 77 patients with their β hCG level ≤2 MoM, 2 patients (2.59%) developed PIH and FGR. And from 12 patients with their β hCG level ≥2 MoM 10 patients (80%) developed PIH and FGR which is highly significant (p<0.001). The study establishes the validity of beta HCG as a predictor of PIH and FGR with the sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity of 97.5%.Conclusions: This study can be concluded by there is a strong association between high maternal serum ß-hCG level, abnormal uterine Doppler studies with predicting adverse outcome of pregnancy like PIH and FGR. There is also a good association between high maternal serum ß-hCG level and rising severity of the disease

Constraining Cosmic-ray Transport with Observations of the Circumgalactic Medium

Recent theoretical studies predict that the circumgalactic medium (CGM) around low-redshift, $\sim L_*$ galaxies could have substantial nonthermal pressure support in the form of cosmic rays. However, these predictions are sensitive to the specific model of cosmic-ray transport employed, which is theoretically and observationally underconstrained. In this work, we propose a novel observational constraint for calculating the lower limit of the radially-averaged, effective cosmic-ray transport rate, $\kappa_{\rm min}^{\rm eff}$. Under a wide range of assumptions (so long as cosmic rays do not lose a significant fraction of their energy in the galactic disk, regardless of whether the cosmic-ray pressure is important or not in the CGM), we demonstrate a well-defined relationship between $\kappa_{\rm min}^{\rm eff}$ and three observable galaxy properties: the total hydrogen column density, the average star formation rate, and the gas circular velocity. We use a suite of FIRE-2 galaxy simulations with a variety of cosmic-ray transport physics to demonstrate that our analytic model of $\kappa_{\rm min}^{\rm eff}$ is a robust lower limit of the true cosmic-ray transport rate. We then apply our new model to calculate $\kappa_{\rm min}^{\rm eff}$ for galaxies in the COS-Halos sample, and confirm this already reveals strong evidence for an effective transport rate which rises rapidly away from the interstellar medium to values $\kappa_{\rm min}^{\rm eff}\gtrsim 10^{30-31}\,{\rm cm}^2\,{\rm s}^{-1}$ (corresponding to anisotropic streaming velocities of $v^{\rm stream}_{\rm eff} \gtrsim 1000\,{\rm km}\,{\rm s}^{-1}$) in the diffuse CGM, at impact parameters larger than $50-100$\,kpc. We discuss how future observations can provide qualitatively new constraints in our understanding of cosmic rays in the CGM and intergalactic medium.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, accepted to MNRA

A simple and efficient protocol for high quality of DNA from Vitis quandrangularis L.

Vitis quadrangularis L., popularly known as Hadsankal in Saurashtra region, exhibits quadrangular and flat stems structure. Thepresent study was aimed to establish efficient protocol for DNA extraction and to evaluate taxonomic status of morphologicalvariants using molecular characterization method RAPD. Three protocols were tested and the final protocol was modified andoptimized for high quality DNA. Third protocol was CTAB and SDS based method, developed by adding higher concentration ofCTAB and NaCl with an aim to remove polysaccharides, and extra PVP as a phenols and polyphenols remover. It resulted intohigh quality DNA with average purity of 1.8 and yield 200g per gm stem tissue that appropriate for molecular characterization.For molecular marker analysis total 20 decamer primers of OPA series were tested and among them four primers successfullyrevealed 42.10 % polymorphism. Thus, the results adequately discriminate the morphological variants