The calculation method of interaction between metal atoms under influence of the radiation

A method of calculation of interatomic interaction potentials in the presence of ionized states has been developed. They have been obtained for the atoms with different ionization degree on example of aluminum. The Heine-Abarenkov-Animalu model potential form factors was employed. The form factor parameters of ionized atoms was determined on the base of the quantum defect method using the atomic-spectroscopy data. The potential of interatomic interaction for different charged states with different degree of ionization were determined

Analysis of work and efficiency increase of of the ILUR-03 installation magnetron system for tubular specimens outer surface modification

The method of material near-surface layers doping by mixing of alloying elements films with ion beam is widely used in science and technology. Three magnetrons with independent power systems, integrated in installation for ion-beam treatment of long-range products ILUR-03, were used as deposition systems. Targets for magnetrons were in the form of disks 60 mm diameter and 5 mm thickness and consisted of the following elements: Al, Fe, Mo, Zr, Cr of purity better than 99.99 at.%. Deposition was performed in argon atmosphere at 1-5 Pa pressure and room temperature in stable current mode at 30-100 mA. Analysis of the obtained films on the surface of cylindrical specimens from zirconium alloys with the outer diameter of 9.15 mm showed high uniformity of coating on length of 300 mm, good adhesion and absence of discontinuities in the films body

Upper limits on the isotropic diffuse flux of cosmic PeV photons from Carpet-2 observations

Isotropic diffuse gamma-ray flux in the PeV energy band is an important tool for multimessenger tests of models of the origin of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos and for new-physics searches. So far, this flux has not yet been observed. Carpet-2 is an air-shower experiment capable of detecting astrophysical gamma rays with energies above 0.1 PeV. Here we report the upper limits on the isotropic gamma-ray flux from Carpet-2 data obtained in 1999-2011 and 2018-2022. These results, obtained with the new statistical method based on the shape of the muon-number distribution, summarize Carpet-2 observations as the upgraded installation, Carpet-3, starts its operation.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, JETPL.cls; V2: references added, version accepted by JETP Letter

The utility of an AMR dictionary as an educational tool to improve public understanding of antimicrobial resistance

Background: Communicating about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to the public is challenging.   Methods: We developed a dictionary of terms commonly used to communicate about AMR. For each term, we developed learning points to explain AMR and related concepts in plain language.  We conducted a pilot evaluation in 374 high school students in Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. In three 50-minute sessions, students were asked to answer five true/false questions using a paper-based questionnaire. The first session assessed their understanding of AMR at baseline, the second after searching the internet, and the third after the provision of the printed AMR dictionary and its web address.    Results: We developed the AMR dictionary as a web-based application (www.amrdictionary.net). The Thai version of the AMR dictionary included 35 terms and associated learning points, seven figures displaying posters promoting AMR awareness in Thailand, and 66 recommended online videos. In the pretest, the proportion of correct responses to each question ranged from 10% to 57%; 10% of the students correctly answered that antibiotics cannot kill viruses and 57% correctly answered that unnecessary use of antibiotics makes them ineffective. After the internet searches, the proportions of correct answers increased, ranging from 62% to 89% (all p&lt;0.001). After providing the AMR dictionary, the proportions of correct answers increased further, ranging from 79% to 89% for three questions (p&lt;0.001), and did not change for one question (p=0.15). Correct responses as to whether taking antibiotics often has side-effects such as diarrhoea reduced from 85% to 74% (p&lt;0.001). The dictionary was revised based on the findings and comments received. Conclusions: Understanding of AMR among Thai high school students is limited. The AMR dictionary can be a useful supportive tool to increase awareness and improve understanding of AMR. Our findings support the need to evaluate the effectiveness of communication tools in the real-world setting.</ns3:p