Building Blocks of Physical States in a Non-Critical 3-Brane on R*S^3

The physical states in a world-volume model of a non-critical 3-brane are systematically constructed using techniques of four-dimensional conformal field theories on R*S^3 developed recently. Invariant combinations of creation modes under a special conformal transformation provide building blocks of physical states. Any state can be created by acting with such building blocks on a conformally invariant vacuum in an invariant way under the other conformal charges: the Hamiltonian and rotation generators on S^3. We explicitly construct building blocks for scalar, vector and gravitational fields, and classify them as finite types.Comment: 56 page

Twist-3 Effects in Polarized Photon Structure

The polarized photon structure is described by two spin structure functions $g_1^\gamma$ and $g_2^\gamma$ which can be studied in the future polarized ep or e$^+$e$^-$ colliders. Here we investigate the QCD twist-3 effects in $g_2^\gamma$ to the leading order in QCD.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX2e, 2 eps figures, ws-ijmpa.cls file included, Talk given at the 3rd Circum-Pan-Pacific Symposium on High Energy Spin Physics, Beijing, October 8-13, 2001, to appear in the Proceeding

Antilinear spectral symmetry and the vortex zero-modes in topological insulators and graphene

We construct the general extension of the four-dimensional Jackiw-Rossi-Dirac Hamiltonian that preserves the antilinear reflection symmetry between the positive and negative energy eigenstates. Among other systems, the resulting Hamiltonian describes the s-wave superconducting vortex at the surface of the topological insulator, at a finite chemical potential, and in the presence of both Zeeman and orbital couplings to the external magnetic field. Here we find that the bound zero-mode exists only when the Zeeman term is below a critical value. Other physical realizations pertaining to graphene are considered, and some novel zero-energy wave functions are analytically computed.Comment: 6 revtex pages; typos corrected, published versio

Economic Impacts of Proposed Limits on Trans Fats in Canada

In response to growing concerns about coronary heart disease (CHD), the Government of Canada has recently taken policy measures to reduce Canadian trans fatty acid (TFA) consumption. The mandatory labelling of trans fat content in foods began in December 2005. The House of Commons also established a task force in November 2004 to develop a set of regulations to ban the sale of food products with a TFA content greater than 2 percent. The issue at stake is whether the mandatory content restriction has economic merit. While the mandatory TFA reductions could reduce heart disease and improve the health of Canadians, they also have the potential to increase economic costs faced by all aspects of the Canadian food oil complex, from primary producers to consumers. The goal of this article is to examine the impacts of a mandatory reduction of trans fat content by estimating the potential health benefits and potential adverse impacts on the agri-food sector.Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Institutional and policy analysis of river basin management: the Fraser River Basin, Canada

The authors describe and analyze a nongovernmental, multi-stakeholder, consensus-based approach to river basin management in the Fraser River basin in Canada. The Fraser River drains 238,000 km2 of British Columbia, supporting nearly 3 million residents and a diverse economy. Water management issues include water quality and allocation, flood protection, and emerging scarcity concerns in portions of the basin. The Fraser Basin Council (FBC) is a locally-initiated nongovernmental organization (NGO) with representation from public and private stakeholders. Since evolving in the 1990s from earlier programs and projects in the basin, FBC has pursued several objectives related to a broad concept of basin"sustainability"incorporating social, economic, and environmental aspects. The NGO approach has allowed FBC to match the boundaries of the entire basin, avoid some intergovernmental turf battles, and involve First Nations communities and private stakeholders in ways governmental approaches sometimes find difficult. While its NGO status means that FBC cannot implement many of the plans it agrees on and must constantly work to maintain diverse yet stable funding, FBC holds substantial esteem among basin stakeholders for its reputation for objectivity, its utility as an information sharing forum, and its success in fostering an awareness of interdependency within the basin.Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems,Water Conservation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,Sanitation and Sewerage,Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions,Drought Management,Town Water Supply and Sanitation,Water and Industry,Water Conservation