292 research outputs found
Moduli space volume of vortex and localization
Volume of moduli space of BPS vortices on a compact genus h Riemann surface
Sigma_h is evaluated by means of topological field theory and localization
technique. Vortex in Abelian gauge theory with a single charged scalar field
(ANO vortex) is studied first and is found that the volume of the moduli space
agrees with the previous results obtained more directly by integrating over the
moduli space metric. Next we extend the evaluation to non-Abelian gauge groups
and multi-flavors of scalar fields in the fundamental representation. We find
that the result of localization can be consistently understood in terms of
moduli matrix formalism wherever possible. More details are found in our paper
in Prog.Theor.Phys.126 (2011) 637.Comment: 10 pages, talk at the international conference "quantum theory and
symmetries 7" in prague, august 7-13, 201
Localization on the D-brane, two-dimensional gauge theory and matrix models
We consider the effective topological field theory on Euclidean D-strings
wrapping on a 2-cycle in the internal space. We evaluate the vev of a suitable
operator corresponding to the chemical potential of vortices bounded to the
D-strings, and find that it reduces to the partition function of generalized
two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory as a result of localization. We argue that
the partition function gives a grand canonical ensemble of multi-instanton
corrections for four-dimensional N=2 gauge theory in a suitable large N limit.
We find two-dimensional gauge theories that provide the instanton partition
function for four-dimensional N=2 theories with the hypermultiplets in the
adjoint and fundamental representations. We also propose a partition function
that gives the instanton contributions to four-dimensional N=2 quiver gauge
theory. We discuss the relation between Nekrasov's instanton partition function
and the Dijkgraaf-Vafa theory in terms of large N phase transitions of the
generalized two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory.Comment: 40 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX2e, typos corrected, references added,
Final version to appear in Physical Review
Impaired Development of Somatotropes, Lactotropes and Thyrotropes in Growth-Retarded (grt) Mice
Congenitally primary hypothyroid growth-retarded (grt) mice exhibit a characteristic growth pause followed by delayed onset of pubertal growth. We characterized the developmental pattern of somatotropes, lactotropes and thyrotropes in the anterior pituitary, as well as plasma levels of their secretory hormones, in grt mice. Compared with normal mice, the weight of grt pituitary gland was similar at 8 weeks of age but significantly heavier after 12 weeks of age. Compared with normal mice, there were significantly fewer somatotropes in the grt pituitary until 8 weeks of age, but the number gradually increased up to 48 weeks. The number of lactotropes in grt mice was consistently lower than that in normal mice from 2 through 48 weeks, whereas the number of thyrotropes in the grt pituitary was consistently higher than in the normal pituitary. Thyrotropes in the grt pituitary exhibited hypertrophy and hyperplasia with less intensive thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) immunoreactivity than normal thyrotropes. In normal mice, the sum of the relative proportions of these cells plateaued at 8 weeks, where it remained up to 48 weeks of age. In grt mice, these proportions almost reached normal levels at 12 weeks of age but gradually declined after 24 weeks. Plasma growth hormone concentrations did not differ between grt and normal mice until 24 weeks of age. Compared with normal mice, grt mice exhibited significantly lower plasma prolactin and thyroxine levels but higher TSH levels. These findings indicate that development of somatotropes, lactotropes and thyrotropes in grt mice is impaired, being followed by altered hormone secretion
First-principles study on the intermediate compounds of LiBH
We report the results of the first-principles calculation on the intermediate
compounds of LiBH. The stability of LiBH and LiBH has been examined with the ultrasoft pseudopotential method based on
the density functional theory. Theoretical prediction has suggested that
monoclinic LiBH is the most stable among the candidate
materials. We propose the following hydriding/dehydriding process of LiBH
via this intermediate compound : LiBHLiBH LiH HLiH B H. The hydrogen content and enthalpy of the first
reaction are estimated to be 10 mass% and 56 kJ/mol H, respectively, and
those of the second reaction are 4 mass% and 125 kJ/mol H. They are in good
agreement with experimental results of the thermal desorption spectra of
LiBH. Our calculation has predicted that the bending modes for the
-phonon frequencies of monoclinic LiBH are lower than
that of LiBH, while stretching modes are higher. These results are very
useful for the experimental search and identification of possible intermediate
compounds.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PR
Histopathology of cryptococcosis and other fungal infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
AbstractObjective: To gain insight into the histopathologic characteristics of fungal infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Methods: A review was conducted of the histopathology for 162 patients with evident fungal infection.Results: The microscopic appearance of esophageal candidiasis that was common in patients with single organ involvement revealed necrotic debris containing proliferating hyphae at the site of mucosal erosions without fungal invasion of underlying tissue. The incidence of oral and esophageal candidiasis was followed by that of pulmonary aspergillosis and Candida infection. Eighteen patients had generalized cryptococcosis, representing the commonest generalized fungal disease. The essential histologic features of the disease consisted of yeast cell proliferation with a histiocytic response, but only minor lymphocytic and neutrophilic components. This was different from the manifestations of both Candida and Aspergillus infections. The two histologic patterns recognized in the pulmonary cryptococcal lesions could be graded with respect to the degree and type of inflammatory reaction. The milder one consisted of small scattered foci of intra-alveolar cryptococcal proliferation with a histiocytic response. Another pattern involved massive cryptococcal infection, which might be simply more extensive than that in the former. Capillary involvement of alveolar septa was an important common finding in all 18 patients.Conclusions: The absence of T cells and decreasing function of antigen-presenting activity in histiocytes were confirmed by immunohistologic examination. These findings suggest that the lungs in AIDS patients provide little resistance to blood stream dissemination by cryptococci
Linear Dilaton Background and Fully Localized Intersecting Five-branes
We investigate a near-horizon geometry of NS5-branes wrapping on a Riemann
surface, which asymptotically approaches to linear dilaton backgrounds. We
concretely find a fully localized solution of the near-horizon geometry of
intersecting NS5-branes. We also discuss a relation to a description of
Landau-Ginzburg theories.Comment: 1+16 pages, latex, no figures, references adde
Gravitational Approach to Tachyon Matter
We found a gravity solution of p+1 dimensional extended object with
SO(p)xSO(9-p) symmetry which has zero pressure and zero dilaton charge. We
expect that this object is a residual tachyon dust after tachyon condensation
of brane and anti-brane system discussed by Sen, recently. We also discuss the
Hawking temperature and some properties of this object.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, reference added and typos correcte
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