A Randomised Experiment Evaluating the Mindful Raisin Practice as a Method of Reducing Chocolate Consumption During and After a Mindless Activity

The present study investigated the impact of the mindful raisin exercise on overeating during and after the experiment while controlling for wellbeing. One-hundred and twenty-eight participants were recruited and completed a questionnaire on wellbeing (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress) and state mindfulness. Participants were randomly allocated to either the mindful raisin exercise or a newspaper reading control condition. The State Mindfulness Scale was then completed again, and participants watched a neutral video while exposed to chocolate for 10 min. For those 10 min, results showed that the mindfulness condition translated into lower food consumption during the mindless activity when compared to the control condition. Post experiment, participants were asked to wait for 5 min, and any extra chocolate consumption during this time was recorded. Post-consumption was non-significantly different between the two groups, with those in the mindfulness condition consuming 1.3 g less than those in the control group. Controlling for wellbeing did not alter the impact of the mindfulness intervention on consumption. Implications for future work and practical applications for weight regulation are discussed

Optimising operational use of artesunate-mefloquine: a randomised comparison of four treatment regimens.

A randomised trial was conducted in adults and children (> 1 year old) with acute falciparum malaria in Western Myanmar to compare the operational effectiveness of 4 different artesunate-mefloquine combinations. All regimens were well tolerated. During 42 days follow-up polymerase chain reaction genotyping-confirmed recrudescence occurred in 11 of 187 (5.9%) patients who received observed single low-dose mefloquine (15 mg/kg) and artesunate (4 mg/kg), 7 of 192 (3.6%) patients following observed single high-dose mefloquine (25 mg/kg) and artesunate (4 mg/kg), 7 of 180 (3.9%) patients following observed artesunate 4 mg/kg on day 0 plus self-administered mefloquine 15 mg/kg on day 1 and 10 mg/kg on day 2 with artesunate 4 mg/kg/day on day 1 and 2, and none of 177 patients who received this 3 d regimen under direct observation (P = 0.01). Compared with 3 d treatment regimens, single dose treatments were followed by significantly more P vivax infections during the 42 d follow-up (P = 0.009). Post treatment anaemia (haemoglobin < 10 g/dL) was reduced by the 3 d regimens. Gametocyte appearance was low with all 4 regimens. Single dose observed mefloquine-artesunate regimens were very effective, but the 3 d artesunate-mefloquine regimen is the best treatment for acute falciparum malaria in Western Myanmar. Active measures to ensure absorption and improve adherence will be necessary to realise this advantage operationally

WINDS Model Simulation of Guayule Irrigation

The WINDS (Water-Use, Irrigation, Nitrogen, Drainage, and Salinity) model uses the FAO56 dual crop coefficient and a daily time-step soil–water balance to simulate evapotranspiration and water content in the soil profile. This research calibrated the WINDS model for simulation of guayule under full irrigation. Using data from a furrow irrigated two-season guayule experiment in Arizona, this research developed segmented curves for guayule basal crop coefficient, canopy cover, crop height and root growth. The two-season guayule basal crop coefficient (Kcb) curve included first and second season development, midseason, late-season and end-season growth stages. For a fully irrigated guayule crop, the year one midseason Kcb was 1.14. The second year Kcb development phase began after the crop was semi-dormant during the first winter. The second year Kcb value was 1.23. The two-season root growth curve included a growth phase during the first season, no growth during winter, and a second growth phase during the second winter. A table allocated fractions of total transpiration to soil layers as a function of root depth. With the calibrated tables and curves, the WINDS model simulated soil moisture content with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 1- to 3-% volumetric water content in seven soil layers compared with neutron probe water contents during the two-year growth cycle. Thus, this research developed growth curves and accurately simulated evapotranspiration and water content for a two-season guayule crop

Experimental nephrotic syndrome induced in the rat by puromycin aminonucleoside: hepatic synthesis of neutral lipids and phospholipids from 3H-water and 3H-palmitate.

Abstract not availabl