127 research outputs found
The cryogenic RWELL: a stable charge multiplier for dual-phase liquid-argon detectors
The operation of a cryogenic Resistive WELL (RWELL) in liquid argon vapor is
reported for the first time. It comprises a Thick Gas Electron Multiplier
(THGEM) structure coupled to a resistive Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) anode
deposited on an insulating substrate. The multiplier was operated at cryogenic
temperature (90~K, 1.2~bar) in saturated argon vapor and characterized in terms
of charge gain and electrical stability. A comparative study with standard,
non-resistive THGEM (a.k.a LEM) and WELL multipliers, confirmed the RWELL
advantages in terms of discharge quenching - thus superior gain and stability
Towards a large-area RPWELL detector: design optimization and performance
We present a new design and assembly procedure of a large-area gas-avalanche
Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector. A prototype
was tested in muon beam at CERN-SPS, presenting improved
performances compared to previous ones: MIP detection efficiency over 96\% with
3\% uniformity across the entire detector area, a charge gain of
with a uniformity of 22\%, and discharge
probability below with a few single hotspots attributed to
production imperfections. These results pave the way towards further up-scaling
detectors of this kind
Cryogenic RPWELL: a novel charge-readout element for dual-phase argon TPCs
The first operation of a cryogenic Resistive Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector in
the saturated vapor of liquid argon is reported. The RPWELL detector was
composed of a Thick Gas Electron Multiplier (THGEM) electrode coupled to a
metallic anode via FeO/YSZ ceramics (FeO in weight equal to
75), with tunable bulk resistivity in the range 10 - 10
cm. The detector was operated at liquid argon temperature in
saturated argon vapor (90~K, 1.2~bar) and characterized in terms of its
effective charge gain and stability against discharges. Maximum stable gain of
G17 was obtained, without discharges. In addition, preliminary results
from novel 3D-printed thermoplastic plates doped with carbon nanotubes are
presented
BiPhone: Modeling Inter Language Phonetic Influences in Text
A large number of people are forced to use the Web in a language they have
low literacy in due to technology asymmetries. Written text in the second
language (L2) from such users often contains a large number of errors that are
influenced by their native language (L1). We propose a method to mine phoneme
confusions (sounds in L2 that an L1 speaker is likely to conflate) for pairs of
L1 and L2. These confusions are then plugged into a generative model (Bi-Phone)
for synthetically producing corrupted L2 text. Through human evaluations, we
show that Bi-Phone generates plausible corruptions that differ across L1s and
also have widespread coverage on the Web. We also corrupt the popular language
understanding benchmark SuperGLUE with our technique (FunGLUE for Phonetically
Noised GLUE) and show that SoTA language understating models perform poorly. We
also introduce a new phoneme prediction pre-training task which helps byte
models to recover performance close to SuperGLUE. Finally, we also release the
FunGLUE benchmark to promote further research in phonetically robust language
models. To the best of our knowledge, FunGLUE is the first benchmark to
introduce L1-L2 interactions in text.Comment: Accepted at ACL 202
Novel resistive charge-multipliers for dual-phase LAr-TPCs: towards stable operation at higher gains
Cryogenic versions of Resistive WELL (RWELL) and Resistive Plate WELL
(RPWELL) detectors have been developed, aimed at stable avalanche
multiplication of ionization electrons in dual-phase TPCs. In the RWELL, a thin
resistive layer deposited on top of an insulator is inserted in between the
electron multiplier (THGEM) and the readout anode; in the RPWELL, a resistive
plate is directly coupled to the THGEM. Radiation-induced ionization electrons
in the liquid are extracted into the gaseous phase. They drift into the THGEM's
holes where they undergo charge multiplication. Embedding resistive materials
into the multiplier proved to enhance operation stability due to the mitigation
of electrical discharges - thus allowing operation at higher charge gain
compared to standard THGEM (a.k.a. LEM) multipliers. We present the detector
concepts and report on the main preliminary results
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