14 research outputs found

    Humanização no contexto da formação em obstetrícia Humanization in the context of obstetric training

    Full text link
    O artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca do tema da humanização do parto no contexto da formação em obstetrícia, fundamentalmente instigada pela contribuição de uma etnografia do processo de ensino-aprendizagem em medicina nessa área. As técnicas de pesquisa utilizadas foram observação participante, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e pesquisa documental. Apresenta-se o material etnográfico produzido no acompanhamento de um curso oferecido pelo Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia de conceituada faculdade de medicina em São Paulo e de visitas de seus alunos a serviços públicos de "assistência humanizada" e suas repercussões no ensino da atenção ao parto. Chama atenção que os embates em torno da noção de humanização contrapõem modelos de atenção apresentados nas visitas àqueles serviços ao existente no Hospital-Escola e, ainda, a modelos ideais propostos por seus professores. A discussão também põe em pauta o próprio ideal de profissão e seu campo de competências. Neste sentido, as visitas e suas repercussões constituíram também uma oportunidade de consolidação de uma identidade coletiva em formação. A dificuldade de lidar com o pluralismo de propostas de conduta, objetivo da disciplina em pauta, impede, da perspectiva do ensino, a formação do pensamento crítico e a maior autoconfiança na tomada de decisão.<br>The article discusses humanization in the context of Obstetric training, instigated by contributions from ethnography on the process of learning medicine in this field. Research techniques utilized include participant observation, primary source analysis, and in-depth interviews. Ethnographic material was produced while accompanying a course offered by the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of a renown São Paulo medical school and visits by students to public services offering "humanized care" in birth, as part of its curricular activities. Repercussions of these visits in class are also presented. Conflicting views on the notion of humanization contrast the models of care presented by the hospitals visited and by the Medical School Hospital, as well as ideal models of obstetric care upheld by its professors. The ensuing discussion also highlights the ideal of the medical profession and its field of competence. Thus, the visit and its repercussions were also an opportunity for further consolidating a collective identity: that of physician in training. The difficulty in dealing with pluralisms as to conducts, proposed by different schools of thought within Medicine is brought to attention. As a consequence, difficulties arise in developing a critical outlook and in gaining self-confidence in decision-making

    Determinantes da mortalidade neonatal: estudo caso-controle em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil Determinants of neonatal mortality: a case-control study in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil

    Full text link
    Este trabalho objetivou determinar os fatores preditores da mortalidade neonatal utilizando modelagem hierarquizada. Trata-se de estudo caso-controle, com 132 casos e 264 controles. Foram considerados casos os recém-nascidos que morreram antes de completar 28 dias, e os controles os sobreviventes, nascidos e filhos de mães residentes em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. O modelo de análise de regressão logística hierarquizada identificou fatores associados ao óbito neonatal: raça materna com efeito protetor para raça parda/negra (OR = 0,23; IC95%: 0,09-0,56), tempo gasto entre o deslocamento de casa ao hospital > 30 minutos (OR = 3,12; IC95%: 1,34-7,25), tempo < 1h ou > 10h entre a internação e o parto (OR = 2,43; IC95%: 1,24-4,76) e pré-natal inadequado (OR = 2,03; IC95%: 1,03-3,99), baixo peso ao nascer (OR = 14,75; IC95%: 5,26-41,35), prematuridade (OR = 3,41; IC95%: 1,29-8,98) e sexo masculino (OR = 2,09; IC95%: 1,09-4,03). Nessa casuística, as mortes neonatais foram associadas à qualidade da assistência pré-natal e da assistência direta ao trabalho de parto.<br>This case-control study with 132 cases and 264 controls aimed to determine predictors of neonatal mortality using hierarchical modeling. Cases were defined as newborns that died within 28 days of birth, and controls as the survivors, among infants of mothers living in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil. Hierarchical logistic regression identified factors associated with neonatal death: maternal race, with brown/black race showing a protective effect (OR = 0.23; IC95%: 0.09-0.56), time spent from home to the hospital > 30 minutes (OR = 3.12; 95%CI: 1.34-7.25), time < 1h or > 10 hours between hospital admission and delivery (OR = 2.43; 95%CI: 1.24-4.76), inadequate prenatal care (OR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.03-3.99), low birth weight (OR = 14.75; 95%CI: 5.26-41.35), prematurity (OR = 3.41; 95%CI: 1.29-8.98), and male gender (OR = 2.09; 95%CI: 1.09-4.03). In this case series, neonatal deaths were associated with the quality of prenatal care and direct care during labor

    Modelos de assistência ao parto e taxa de cesárea em diferentes países Modelos de asistencia al parto en diferentes países y tasa de cesárea Models of childbirth care and cesarean rates in different countries

    Get PDF
    Revisão bibliográfica que descreve as taxas de cesárea em diferentes países e os modelos de atenção ao parto de acordo com o uso de tecnologias assistenciais. Foram analisados 60 estudos publicados entre 1999 e 2010, obtidos nas bases de dados da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e ProQuest. O modelo de assistência obstétrica praticado no país baseia-se na relação médico-paciente, ao grau de utilização de tecnologias e à realização do parto cesáreo.<br>Revisión bibliográfica que describe las tasas de cesárea en diferentes países y los modelos de atención al parto de acuerdo con el uso de tecnologías asistenciales. Se analizaron 60 estudios publicados entre 1999 y 2010, obtenidos en las bases de datos de la Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior do Brasil y ProQuest. El modelo de asistencia obstétrica practicado en Brasil es embasado en la relación médico-paciente, con el grado de utilización de tecnologías y con la realización del parto por cesárea.<br>The paper reports the results of a literature review on cesarean rates and models of childbirth care in different countries according to their utilization of technology. There were reviewed 60 studies published between 1999 and 2010 retrieved from the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES) and ProQuest databases. The Brazilian model of childbirth care relies on the physician-patient relationship, level of technology utilization and cesarean delivery

    Improving technical information use: what can be learnt from a manager's perspective?

    Full text link
    Conservation practice reportedly suffers from low use of technical information. Understanding of factors that affect the influence of technical information on management decision-making is limited. We sought to identify leverage points for improved technical information dissemination in the New South Wales Parks and Wildlife Service, Australia, given the significant recent investments in monitoring and evaluation that had been made. We did so by exploring the inter-relationships between factors affecting the influence of different information types on management decisions. Results indicate that managers have a high inclination toward adaptive behavior, given they operate in an information poor environment. The most influential types of information were those that enabled interaction between information provider and recipient (e.g., staff experience and expertise). An analysis of the concordance in individuals' responses for different information types showed that neither accessibility nor organizational expectation of use was aligned with influence on decision-making. Alignment of responses also varied by work area. Raising expectations of information use or increasing access to particular types of information is therefore unlikely to result in an increase in influence on management decision-making. Rather than focussing on matching accessibility and expected use of particular information types, our results indicate that technical information uptake is best supported through existing peer networks tailored to specific work areas
    corecore