Commissioning Tools for Heating/Cooling System in Residence - Verification of Floor Heating System and Room Air Conditioning System Performance

Tools of evaluating the performance of floor heating and room air conditioner are examined as a commissioning tool. Simple method is needed to check these performance while in use by residents, because evaluation currently requires significant time and effort. Therefore, this paper proposes a) two methods of evaluating the floor heating efficiency from the room / crawl space temperature and the energy consumption and b) method of evaluating COP of the room air conditioner from the data measured at the external unit. Case studies in which these tools were applied to actual residences are presented to demonstrate their effectiveness

Experience on Commissioning of Heating/Cooling System and Thermal/Air Quality Environment

This paper discusses how the commissioning process should be and the related problems, through a case study of a residential house. The items to be commissioned, measurement methods and the commissioning results are shown. Through the commissioning process, the problems pertaining to residential houses, such as the measurement problems, are clarified and the importance of commissioning established. Development of a simple and appropriate measuring method, monitoring of energy consumption and the verification of that value based on a standard value, enhancement of the resident's interest in the indoor environment and energy consumption and attention to their life style require future study

Experimental and analytical investigations of simultaneous heat and moisture transport through glass fiber insulation

This article looks at all the possible mechanisms through which moisture is transported.This is done through two series of experiments and detailed numerical analysis. The experiments include investigations on water vapour transport in the presence of thermal gradients and drying of fully saturated specimens through evaporation. Physical quantities measured include history of heat flux, boundary temperatures and relative humidities and transient moisture distributions. The simultaneous heat and moisture transport processes are mathematically described through a pair of conservation equations. In a finite difference method, these equations are used for detailed numerical analysis of the processes. The numerical analysis makes use of the experimental data to derive consistent values for a set of moisture transport properties, representative of a sample of medium density glass fiber insulation. The properties include thermal conductivity as a function of moisture content, vapour permeability as a function of temperature, moisture diffusivity as a function of moisture content and temperature, heat capacity and hydraulic conductivity as functions of moisture content and sorption isotherm. A sensitivity analysis and an independent experiment on the drying of a randomly wet specimen support the results obtained from the numerical analysis.Nous examinons dans cet article tous les m\ue9canismes possibles par lesquels l?humidit\ue9 est transport\ue9e, soit au moyen de deux (2) s\ue9ries d?exp\ue9riences et d?analyses num\ue9riques d\ue9taill\ue9es. Les exp\ue9riences en question comportent les investigations de la transmission de la vapeur d?eau en pr\ue9sence de gradients thermiques, ainsi que le s\ue9chage par \ue9vaporation d?\ue9prouvettes compl\ue8tement satur\ue9es. Les quantit\ue9s physiques mesur\ue9es englobent l?historique des flux thermiques, des temp\ue9ratures et des valeurs d?humidit\ue9 relative aux limites, et des distributions de l?humidit\ue9 transitoire. Les processus simultan\ue9s de transport de la chaleur et de l?humidit\ue9 sont d\ue9crits math\ue9matiquement au moyen d?une paire d?\ue9quations de conservation. Au moyen d?une m\ue9thode des diff\ue9rences finies, ces \ue9quations sont utilis\ue9es aux fins d?analyses num\ue9riques d\ue9taill\ue9es des processus. L?analyse num\ue9rique fait appel \ue0 des donn\ue9es exp\ue9rimentales pour d\ue9river des valeurs coh\ue9rentes pour un ensemble de propri\ue9t\ue9s de transmission de l?humidit\ue9 qui soit repr\ue9sentatif d?un \ue9chantillonnage d?isolant de fibre de verre de densit\ue9 moyenne. Les propri\ue9t\ue9s incluent la conductivit\ue9 thermique comme fonction de la teneur en humidit\ue9, la perm\ue9abilit\ue9 \ue0 la vapeur comme fonction de la temp\ue9rature, la diffusivit\ue9 de l?humidit\ue9 comme fonction de la teneur en humidit\ue9 et de la temp\ue9rature, la capacit\ue9 thermique et la conductibilit\ue9 hydraulique comme fonctions de la teneur en humidit\ue9 et de l?isotherme de sorption. Une analyse de sensibilit\ue9 et une exp\ue9rience ind\ue9pendante portant sur le s\ue9chage d?une \ue9prouvette mouill\ue9e de fa\ue7on al\ue9atoire viennent ent\ue9riner les r\ue9sultats obtenus \ue0 partir des analyses num\ue9riques.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

Experimental and analytical investigation of moisture movement in clothing

In this paper, a model of the liquid moisture movement in clothing under gravity is developed and applied, based on a diffusion model. Firstly, the moisture diffusivity is determined from the investigation of the moisture absorption process in the horizontal direction where gravity has no influence on the moisture movement. Secondly with the use of the moisture diffusivity thus determined, a moisture absorption process in the upward direction against gravity is investigated. The validity of the parameter related to the gravity effect is examined by comparing the results of numerical calculations with the experimental results obtained from the gamma-ray method. Since the two agree generally well, the parameters viz. liquid moisture diffusivity and sorption isotherm derived here for a sample of broadcloth are considered reliable.Dans le cadre de ce document, un mod\ue8le du mouvement de gravit\ue9 de l?humidit\ue9 liquide dans les v\ueatements est mis au point et appliqu\ue9, sur la base d?un mod\ue8le de dispersion. En premier lieu, le coefficient de diffusion de l?humidit\ue9 est d\ue9termin\ue9 \ue0 partir de l?investigation du processus d?absorption de l?humidit\ue9 dans la direction horizontale, o\uf9 la gravit\ue9 n?exerce aucune influence sur le mouvement de l?humidit\ue9. En second lieu, l?usage du coefficient de diffusion de l?humidit\ue9 \ue9tant ainsi d\ue9termin\ue9, un processus d?absorption de l?humidit\ue9 dans la direction verticale, soit contre la force de gravit\ue9, fait l?objet \ue9galement d?une investigation. On examine la validit\ue9 du param\ue8tre reli\ue9 \ue0 l?effet gravitationnel en comparant les r\ue9sultats de calculs num\ue9riques aux r\ue9sultats exp\ue9rimentaux obtenus par la m\ue9thode au rayon gamma. \uc9tant donn\ue9 que les r\ue9sultats des premiers concordent g\ue9n\ue9ralement bien avec ceux de la seconde, on estime fiables les param\ue8tres, notamment le coefficient de diffusion de l?humidit\ue9 \ue0 l?\ue9tat liquide et l?isotherme de sorption qui est d\ue9riv\ue9 ici pour un \ue9chantillon de drap.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

Characteristics of moisture movement in clothing influenced by sweating - effect of gravity

Article in Japanese with English Abstract.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

Moisture movement in clothing under gravity

Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye

Freezing-thawing processes in glass fiber board

For the prevention of vapor condensation and accompanying damage in cold regions, the behavior of water and ice in porous materials should be understood. In this study, experiments on the freezing-thawing processes in a glass fiber board, which is a typical insulation, were conducted. The freezing-thawing processes were analyzed with the use of simultaneous heat and moisture transfer equations that accounted for the existence of ice.Aux fins de la pr\ue9vention de la condensation de la vapeur et des dommages que celle-ci-cause dans les r\ue9gions froides, il est n\ue9cessaire de comprendre le comportement de l?eau et de la glace dans les mat\ue9riaux poreux. Dans le cadre de cette \ue9tude, des exp\ue9riences ont \ue9t\ue9 r\ue9alis\ue9es sur les processus de gel-d\ue9gel dans un panneau de fibre de verre, lequel repr\ue9sente un isolant type. Le processus de gel-d\ue9gel a \ue9t\ue9 analys\ue9 avec l?utilisation d?\ue9quations de transfert simultan\ue9 de la chaleur et de l?humidit\ue9, prenant en compte l?existence de glace.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

Freezing-thawing processes in building walls - freezing- thawing processes of glass fiber board

Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye